scholarly journals Introduction of Biodiesel to Rail Transport: Lessons from the Road Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Charlotte Stead ◽  
Zia Wadud ◽  
Chris Nash ◽  
Hu Li
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
The Road ◽  
Similar Chemical

Biodiesel is a potentially low-carbon, renewable alternative fuel to diesel, sharing similar chemical and physical properties to diesel. There have been significant efforts in introducing primarily bioethanol and some biodiesel to the road transport sector, with varying levels of success. However, the rail sector has not seen as large an effort in introducing biodiesel. This paper summarizes the literature on the introduction of biodiesel (bioethanol was a relevant fuel) in order to learn lessons, which can be applied to the rail transport sector. A decision-making framework PESTLE (Political/Policies, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental) is used to analyze these lessons, and their relevance (or not) to the rail sector. While introduction of biodiesel in the rail sector has some inherent advantages, such as fewer refueling points, customers and manufacturers compared to the road sector, it also faces some challenges, especially in the context of the longer life of locomotives, making fleet turnover and potential transition to 100% biodiesel slow. Additionally, maintenance costs are still uncertain.

Prioritizing the gaseous alternatives for the road transport sector of Pakistan: A multi criteria decision making analysis

Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 1072-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kafait Ullah ◽  
Salman Hamid ◽  
Faisal Mehmood Mirza ◽  
Usman Shakoor
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
The Road

scholarly journals Analysis of the Effects of Electrification of the Road Transport Sector on the Possible Penetration of Nuclear Fusion in the Long-Term European Energy Mix

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3634
Author(s):  
Daniele Lerede ◽  
Chiara Bustreo ◽  
Francesco Gracceva ◽  
Yolanda Lechón ◽  
Laura Savoldi
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Fusion ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
The Road

The European Roadmap towards the production of electricity from nuclear fusion foresees the potential availability of nuclear fusion power plants (NFPPs) in the second half of this century. The possible penetration of that technology, typically addressed by using the global energy system EUROFusion TIMES Model (ETM), will depend, among other aspects, on its costs compared to those of the other available technologies for electricity production, and on the future electricity demand. This paper focuses on the ongoing electrification process of the transport sector, with special attention devoted to road transport. A survey on the present and forthcoming technologies, as foreseen by several manufacturers and other models, and an international vehicle database are taken into account to develop the new road transport module, then implemented and harmonized inside ETM. Following three different storylines, the computed results are presented in terms of the evolution of the road transport demand in the next decades, fleet composition and CO 2 emissions. The ETM results are in line with many other studies. On one hand, they highlight, for the European road transport energy consumption pattern, the need for dramatic changes in the transport market, if the most ambitious environmental goals are to be pursued. On the other hand, the results also show that NFPP adoption on a commercial scale could be justified within the current projection of the investment costs, if the deep penetration of electricity in the road transport sector also occurs.

scholarly journals Planning and valorization of the branch Xa of Corridor X from the aspects of external costs

Pomorstvo ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luka Vukić ◽  
Tanja Poletan Jugović
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
External Costs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Road ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Structure Of Trade

Branch Xa of Pan-European Transport Corridor X has a strategic importance for Croatia since this corridor (Corridor branch) enables linking of Croatia with Slovenia and Austria, which, according to the current data on the structure of trade in goods from countries, is counted among five most important Croatian trading partners. Therefore, the valorization of the branch of Corridor X has unquestionable importance for the Croatian economy and the associated surroundings that gravitate in the transport route. Conditional on the numerous geo-transport and socioeconomic factors, the valorization of transport corridor on the transport market is determined also by the value of transport (traffic) services that are determined by the costs incurred in its production. Accordingly, the underlying problem of the present study is to analyze the external costs of the branch of Corridor X which, although, belong to the category of social costs borne by society, have the intention to become, over various regulatory measures (excise), an integral part of the costs of the conveyor. With the aim of the research in this study, which, generally, supports the need for internalization of the external costs, as the essential factors of valorization of the transport corridors, a comparative analysis of external costs of the branch of Corridor X between the road and rail transport was performed. As input data, the results of in-depth analysis were used, resulting from the studies of the European Commission for the European Union, specifically Studies for Corridor X and Studies on East-Mediterranean transport routes. The research results show that the mean values of external costs of freight rail transport on the branch Xa are almost five times fewer than the average value of external costs of road transport and that, in accordance with the purpose of these investigations, the internalization of external costs is unquestionably required for planning the traffic flows and valorization of the route.

scholarly journals Low-carbon innovation policy with the use of biorenewables in the transport sector until 2030

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Csaba Fogarassy ◽  
Bálint Horváth ◽  
Linda Szőke ◽  
Attila Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Planning Period

The topic of the present study deals with the changes and future trends of the European Union’s climate policy. In addition, it studies the manner in which Hungary’s transport sector contributes to the success of the above. The general opinion of Hungarian climate policy is that the country has no need of any substantial climate policy measures, since it will be able to reach its emission reduction targets anyway. This is mostly true, because the basis year for the long term goals is around the middle/end of the 1980’s, when Hungary’s pollution indices were entirely different than today due to former large-scale industrial production. With the termination of these inefficient energy systems, Hungary has basically been “performing well” since the change in political system without taking any specific steps in the interest of doing so. The analysis of the commitments for the 2020-2030 climate policy planning period, which defined emissions commitments compared to 2005 GHG emissions levels, has also garnered similar political reactions in recent years. Thus, it is not the issue of decreasing GHG emissions but the degree to which possible emissions can be increased stemming from the conditions and characteristics of economic growth that is important from the aspect of economic policy. In 2005, the Hungarian transport sector’s emissions amounted to 11 million tons, which is equal to 1.2% of total EU emissions, meaning it does not significantly influence total transport emissions. However, the stakes are still high for developing a low GHG emission transport system, since that will decide whether Hungary can avoid those negative development tendencies that have plagued the majority of Western European transport systems. Can Budapest avoid the scourge of perpetual smog and traffic jams? Can it avert the immeasurable accumulation of externalities on the capital city’s public bypass roads caused by having road transport conduct goods shipping? JEL classification: Q58

scholarly journals Investigation of the Diachronic Development of CO2 Emission Levels in Relation to Traffic Characteristics Along Major Road Axes During an Era of Recession: the Case of Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-640
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The Road ◽  
Automotive Market ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Key Factor

The problem of reducing CO2 emissions from transport, a major contributor to the greenhouse effect, has become a growing concern for the scientific community and various international committees monitoring climate change. Energy savings in the transport sector are a key factor towards rational management of oil reserves, while new trends in the automotive market have already been established, supported by research on efficient and environmentally-friendly technologies and alternative fuels to face fossil fuel dependency. The road transport sector is an important part for most developed economies but also a major source of pollutant emissions. In this framework, this paper focuses on transport emissions along the main road axis in Greece, connecting the country’s two largest urban areas, during the years 2008-2014, a period of prolonged recession. Based on traffic data collected at the toll stations along the highway, greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions were calculated using the COPERT4 emission estimation tool. According to the results, a sharp fall in emissions is observed largely due to traffic volume reductions, but also due to a prevailing trend for larger displacement vehicles and technologically improved vehicles with better environmental standards.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document