scholarly journals Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Health Using the Pressure–State–Response (PSR) Model: A Case Study of Mursidabad District of West Bengal (India)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhasis Das ◽  
Biswajeet Pradhan ◽  
Pravat Kumar Shit ◽  
Abdullah M. Alamri
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Census Data ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Wetland Ecosystem ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
State Response ◽  
Pressure State

Wetlands are essential for protein production, water sanctification, groundwater recharge, climate purification, nutrient cycling, decreasing floods and biodiversity preservation. The Mursidabad district in West Bengal (India) is situated in the floodplain of the Ganga–Padma and Bhagirathi rivers. The region is characterized by diverse types of wetlands; however, the wetlands are getting depredated day-by-day due to hydro-ecological changes, uncontrolled human activities and rapid urbanization. This study attempted to explore the health status of the wetland ecosystem in 2013 and 2020 at the block level in the Mursidabad district, using the pressure–state–response model. Based on wetland ecosystem health values, we categorized the health conditions and identified the blocks where the health conditions are poor. A total of seven Landsat ETM+ spaceborne satellite images in 2001, 2013 and 2020 were selected as the data sources. The statistical data included the population density and urbanization increase rate, for all administrative units, and were collected from the census data of India for 2001 and 2011. We picked nine ecosystem indicators for the incorporated assessment of wetland ecosystem health. The indicators were selected considering every block in the Mursidabad district and for the computation of the wetland ecosystem health index by using the analytical hierarchy processes method. This study determined that 26.92% of the blocks fell under the sick category in 2013, but increased to 30.77% in 2020, while the percentage of blocks in the very healthy category has decreased markedly from 11.54% to 3.85%. These blocks were affected by higher human pressure, such as population density, urbanization growth rate and road density, which resulted in the degradation of wetland health. The scientific protection and restoration techniques of these wetlands should be emphasized in these areas.

scholarly journals Selected Environmental Assessment Model and Spatial Analysis Method to Explain Correlations in Environmental and Socio-Economic Data with Possible Application for Explaining the State of the Ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4781
Author(s):  
Junnan Xiong ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Weiming Cheng ◽  
Chongchong Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
State Response ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Spatial Analysis Method ◽  
Hu Line ◽  
Pressure State

Regional ecosystem health is the basis for regular regional exploration, ecological protection, and sustainable development. This study explored ecosystem health at the southern end of the Hu Line (Sichuan and Yunnan provinces) using the pressure–state–response model and examined the spatial evolution of ecosystem health. The proportion of unhealthy and morbid cities decreased from 45.9% in 2000 to 35.1% in 2016. The imbalance of ecosystem health among cities has gradually increased since 2006, but more high-quality cities have emerged (Z of Moran’s Index < 1.96, p > 0.05). Overall, the regional ecosystem on the southeast side of the Hu Line was healthier than that on the northwest side. Differences in ecosystem health on both sides of the Hu Line showed decreasing trends over time except for the pressure score. The spatial pattern of ecosystem health moved along the Hu Line because the pressure and state scores of ecosystems were mainly determined by the natural environmental conditions. Based on the county-level assessment, the grade of imbalance within cities was divided, and those that were lagging were identified. To correct regional imbalances, a comprehensive and proactive policy framework for a smart development model was put forward in Sichuan and Yunnan.

Evaluation Wetlands Ecosystem Health using Geospatial Technology: Evidence from Lower Gangetic Flood Plain in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhasis Das ◽  
Gouri Sankar Bhunia ◽  
Biswajit Bera ◽  
Pravat K Shit
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Wetland Ecosystem ◽  
Health Index ◽  
Floodplain Wetlands ◽  
Block Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Landsat Satellite

Abstract The lower Gangetic flood plain of West Bengal occupies diversified riverine and floodplain wetlands. These wetlands played a significant role maintain ecosystem health and supports for human wellbeing. This paper presents the health of wetland ecosystem by comprising the wetland ecosystem health index (WEHI) in 2011 and 2018 at block level of Malda district, as a part of lower Gangetioc flood plain using pressure – state – response model (PSR model) and AHP method. A total number of six Landsat satellite images and statistical census data were used to determine the wetland. Wetlands are classified as very healthy, healthy, sub-healthy, unhealthy and sick category on the basis of wetland ecosystem health index score. Results showed the health of wetland ecosystem has slightly decreased from 2011 to 2018. 13.33% of blocks are fall under sick category in 2011. 26.67% block are comes under very healthy category in 2011 but it decrease to 20% in 2018. The heath of wetland ecosystem in Harischandrapur – II, Ratua-II, Maldah (Old), English Bazar, Bamongola, Habibpur, Chanchal-I and Kaliachak – II blocks are degrading from 2011 to 2018. This may be attributed to the increasing urbanization rate and associated growth of infrastructure. Developing local level institutions is useful measures to manage wetland resource; and protect biodiversity should be guided by the Government organization and NGOs for its mitigation measure.

scholarly journals Land ecological security assessment for Yancheng city based on catastrophe theory

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Liang ◽  
Bian Zhengfu ◽  
Chen Hongquan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Catastrophe Theory ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
State Response ◽  
Land Ecological Security ◽  
Pressure State

<p>Based on actual land use in Yancheng city, this paper establishes the ecological security of the land index system from the perspectives of economy, society and ecological environment. Using the catastrophe theory and pressure-state-response (PSR) model, the purpose of the research was to judge the degree of land ecological security in Yancheng city from 2002 to 2011 and determine the requirements to ensure the sustainable development of this region. The results showed that over the ten years, the pressure, state, response and synthetic values of the land ecological security were evaluated as safe in 2003 and 2007 and at middle level in 2002 and for 2004 to 2006 and then dropped to insecure for 2008 to 2009 and very insecure for 2011 to 2012. The ecological security level and circumstance of land use in Yancheng city has generally declined. During this period, the land use pattern of Yancheng city was under tremendous pressure from the conflict between rapid urbanization and economic development, as well as conservation and rehabilitation of the eco-environment. This research shows that conditions for the land ecosystems of Yancheng city are not optimistic and, as such, should draw the attention of responsible government departments. Future policy options should aim to mitigate these problems through the control of population growth and the improvement in quality of life, protection of wetland and forest land, application of scientific concepts of development, coordination of economic development and land utility, and strengthening the control functions of land-use planning.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>De acuerdo con el uso actual del suelo en la ciudad de Yancheng, en el este de China, este artículo establece la seguridad ecológica del sistema de tierras desde las perspectivas económica, social y ecológica. A partir de la Teoría de las Catástrofes y el modelo ambiental de presión-estado-respuesta (PSR), el propósito de esta investigación fue determinar el grado de seguridad ecológica del suelo en la localidad de Yancheng entre 2002 y 2011 y determinar las condiciones para asegurar el desarrollo sustentable de la región. Los resultados muestran que sobre estos diez años los valores de presión, estado, respuesta y sintéticos fueron evaluados como seguros en 2003 y 2007, como nivel medio en 2002, entre 2004 y 2006, cayeron a inseguros en 2008 y 2009, y muy inseguros para 2011 y 2012. El nivel de seguridad y las condiciones de suelo en Yancheng se han disminuido generalmente. Durante este período, el patrón de uso de la tierra en la ciudad de Yancheng estuvo bajo una gran presión por el conflicto entre la rápida urbanización y el desarrollo económico y la conservación y la rehabilitación ecoambiental. Esta investigación muestra que las condiciones para los ecosistemas terrestres no son óptimas y que por lo tanto es necesario llamar la atención de los departamentos de Gobierno responsables. Las posibles políticas futuras deben enfocarse en mitigar estos problemas a través del control al crecimiento urbano y el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida, la protección de los humedales y los bosques, la aplicación de conceptos científicos al desarrollo, la coordinación del avance económico y el suelo, y el fortalecimiento de las funciones de control en la planeación del uso de la tierra.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>

Density Changes and their Impact on Sustainable Recreational Travel to Parks in Large Chinese Cities: Shanghai Case

2011 ◽  
Vol 99-100 ◽  
pp. 1121-1127
Author(s):  
Tian Qing Luo ◽  
Wei Min Li ◽  
Karen C. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
User Access ◽  
Spatial Terms

Density should impact sustainable transportation but its exact role is still under discussion due to various interpretations and inconsistencies in the literature. To explore its impact on urban recreational travel in large Chinese cities under rapid urbanization, this paper took Shanghai as a case, studied its spatial patterns of both population density and road density, surveyed 11 popular urban parks on user access modes and analyzed the mode changes in spatial terms. The passive effect of low-density urban sprawl on sustainable recreational travel in large Chinese cities was addressed.

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