scholarly journals Information Transmission Mechanism of Inequality of Opportunity and Effort on Settlement Intention

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4566
Author(s):  
Junjie Gao ◽  
Lyubing Feng ◽  
Xianguo Yao
Keyword(s):  
Information Transmission ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Inequality Of Opportunity ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Force Dynamics ◽  
Negative Messages ◽  
Destination City

China is promoting sustainable economic development through urbanisation, but migrants’ low settlement intention has become an obstacle to the urbanisation process. The key leading to this problem is that the current economic system lacks an index with high information transparency to convey the characteristics of the destination city, so that migrants’ choice of settling city is a kind of act of chance. By referring to Roemer’s equality of opportunity theory, this paper takes the indexes of inequality of opportunity (IO) and inequality of effort (IE) of the destination as market signals representing the characteristics information of destination, innovatively proposes an information transmission mechanism to improve migrants’ settlement intention. According to the IO and IE of the destination, migrants can effectively identify the economic incentive modes and social characteristics of the destination city before migration, and then make an accurate judgment on the possibility of realizing income growth and social integration in the destination. The feasibility of this mechanism was verified by the data of China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS). The result indicates that IO and IE can indeed convey information about economic incentives of the destination and attract migrants to settle down there. In addition, IE can convey positive messages on two social characteristics of the destination, namely, promotion fairness and social network, while IO sends negative messages on both aspects. Cities that plan to expand their population scale can leverage this mechanism to optimise their IO and IE indexes, so as to attract migrants to settle down in the city.

Rethinking Financial Contagion: Information Transmission Mechanism During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Yarovaya ◽  
Janusz Brzeszczynski ◽  
John W. Goodell ◽  
Brian M. Lucey ◽  
Chi Keung Lau
Keyword(s):  
Information Transmission ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Financial Contagion

scholarly journals Incentives or restrictions: policy choices in farmers’ chemical fertilizer reduction and substitution behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurong Yang ◽  
Zhaoliang Li ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Family Management ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Incentive Policy ◽  
Enforcement Policy ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Based on 804 samples of farmers in Hubei Province, a typical major grain-producing area in China, this study empirically analyzed the effects of two different policy tools, i.e. economic incentives (subsidies) and order enforcements (regulatory restrictions), as well as the effects of their interaction, on farmers’ chemical fertilizer reduction and substitution behaviors. Samples were grouped according to the degree of concurrent employment to analyze the effects on different groups. The results show that (1) the influences of these policies on the behaviors were significantly positive; (2) after constructing the interactive variables of the policies, the influence of the order enforcement policy was no longer significant, but the influence of the interaction was significantly positive; (3) the low-degree concurrent employment farmers were more likely to be affected by the order enforcement policy, whereas the high-degree ones were more affected by the economic incentive policy; and (4) the behaviors of the low-degree ones were strongly affected by family management characteristics, whereas the high-degree ones were more affected by the farmers’ individual characteristics.

Opioid usage in Denmark, Norway and Sweden - 2006-2014 and regulatory factors in the society that might influence it

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Heine Joergensen ◽  
Lene Jarlbaek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Prescription Data ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Prescribing Behavior ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Drug Statistics ◽  
Opioid Users ◽  
Addictive Drug ◽  
Prescription Databases

AbstractAimsTo relate changes in the number of opioid users in Denmark, Norway and Sweden during 2006-2014 to changes in national regulatory and economic incentive factors.MethodsThe material consists of data drawn from the national prescription databases in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Data on the number of opioid users per 1000 inhabitants were collected for all ages, both sexes and for the period 2006-2014. Concomitant changes in regulatory or economic incentives were identified and related to the drug statistics.ResultsFor all opioids in the period 2006-2014 Denmark had the lowest number ofusers but the largest increase in users. Norway had the highest number of users but a lower increase. The number of users in Sweden was very stable showing no change in number of users.The number of morphine users in Denmark increased from 2009 to 2014. The number of users of oxycodone decreased from 2010 to 2014. The Danish health authorities recommended using morphine as first drug of choice in 2010 and warned about potential drug dependency of oxycodone in 2011.In Sweden the number of users of oxycodone increased over the period with the largest increase from 2012 to 2013. The number af tramadol users decreased from 2011. Prior to these changes tramadol was declared to be classified as an addictive drug 2011.ConclusionsChanges in the countries’ opioid use appeared in the public prescription-databases in a timely manner after introduction of national recommendations not to use oxycodone and prefer morphine as first choice, or classify tramadol as an addictive drug. National drug statistics show the end-result of the doctors’ prescribing behavior and the population’s use of opioids. Thorough investigation of prescription-data can help to detect and explain the interplay between culture, society and medical reasons for prescribing opioids.

Economic Incentive Mechanisms for the Protection and Use of Biological Diversity in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-277
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Incentive Mechanisms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Business Entities

This paper explores economic incentive mechanisms for the protection and sustainable use of biological diversity in general and more specifically of animals (often referred to as “wildlife”). Based on the author’s analysis of wildlife and tax legislation provisions and law enforcement practice, it concludes that the Russian Federation lacks effective and efficient economic incentives to promote the protection and use of wildlife. It proposes incentive measures for the implementation of legislative norms and economic regulation regarding the protection and sustainable use of the animal world. These incentives are intended to provide tools for sustainable use of wildlife and enhance the dialogue with business entities regarding the prioritisation of environmentally friendly economic activities.

scholarly journals Economic Incentives for PST Adoption by Midwest Hog Producers

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
James W. Richardson ◽  
David P. Anderson ◽  
Derrell S. Peel ◽  
Mike Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Carcass Merit ◽  
Representative Farms ◽  
Grain Prices

AbstractA whole-farm simulation model is used to analyze the impacts of PST adoption on representative farms in Missouri and Indiana. Farmers who do not adopt experience lower average annual net cash farm incomes than adopters. Lower feed prices and/or an average PST/feed response decrease the incentive to adopt. Payment of a 5 percent carcass merit premium (CMP) and/or higher grain prices greatly increase the economic incentive to adopt.

Study on Building Safety Economic Incentive Mechanism

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 1913-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Tie Gang Kang
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Incentive Mechanism ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Target System ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Operational Mechanism ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Building Safety

In order to effectively improve the Building safety, this paper applies the principle of institutional economics; construct the economic incentive mechanism of Building safety management, From the mechanism of target system, mechanism of main body, mechanism structure principle, the mechanism safeguard, this paper probes into the mechanism of Building safety, Mechanism of the subject system including government, construction enterprises and employees and microscopic behavior criterion; The effective operational mechanism of the security system, including the economic incentive system of laws and regulations, economic incentives organization, economic incentive to financial and economic guarantee, etc.; The operation mechanism embodied in the internal elements of rational allocation, so as to make the economic incentive policy for building effective implementation.

scholarly journals Trends in assisted peritoneal dialysis over the last decade: a cohort study from the French Peritoneal Dialysis Registry

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1003-1011
Author(s):  
Annabel Boyer ◽  
Antoine Lanot ◽  
Mark Lambie ◽  
Sonia Guillouet ◽  
Thierry Lobbedez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Assisted Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background There is limited information available on the use of assisted peritoneal dialysis (PD) over time and the impact of economic incentives on its utilization. The aim of this study was to describe the trends in assisted PD utilization and the type of assistance provided. We wanted to estimate if an economic incentive implemented in 2011 in France was associated with an increase in the utilization of nurse-assisted PD. Methods This retrospective, multicentre study, based on data from the French Language Peritoneal Dialysis Registry, analysed 11 987 patients who initiated PD in France between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2015. Adjusted Cox regression with robust variance was used to examine the initiation of assisted PD, both nurse-assisted and family-assisted, accounting for the nonlinear impact of the PD starting time. Results There were 6149 (51%) incident patients on assisted PD, 5052 (82%) on nurse-assisted PD and 1097 (18%) on family-assisted PD over the study period. In the adjusted analysis, calendar time was associated with the assisted PD rate: it declined from 2008 until 2013 before flattening out and then it increased after 2014. Nurse-assisted PD utilization increased significantly after 2012, whereas family-assisted PD utilization decreased linearly over time (prevalence ratio = 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.92–0.97). Conclusions The assisted PD rate decreased until 2013, mainly because of a decline in family-assisted PD. The uptake in nurse-assisted PD observed from 2013 reflects the effect of an economic incentive adopted in late 2011 to increase PD utilization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document