scholarly journals Evaluating the Impact of Sight Distance and Geometric Alignment on Driver Performance in Freeway Exits Diverging Area Based on Simulated Driving Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6368
Author(s):  
Xizhen Zhou ◽  
Binghong Pan ◽  
Yang Shao
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Stopping Sight Distance ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Circular Curve

The decision sight distance (DSD) at freeway exits is a major factor affecting traffic safety. Based on the Hechizhai Interchange in Xi’an City (Shaanxi Province, China), this paper designs a simulation experiment. Through a simulator study and a questionnaire survey, this paper discusses the impact of the DSD, 1.25 times the stopping sight distance (SSD) and a circular curve deflection on a driver’s driving state (including steering wheel angle rate and steering wheel angle frequency domain). Thirty volunteers participated in this research. The result shows that (1) it is safer to drive on an exit that meets DSD. (2) If it only meets the 1.25 times the SSD requirement, the overloaded driving tasks and operation would be more likely to cause crashes. The driving state of the driver on the right circular curve is obviously better than that on the left circular curve, because changing lanes to the right on the left circular curve does not meet the driver’s expectations. (3) Left and right circular curve should be treated differently in the driving area and the constant sight distance requirements should not be applied. (4) The left circular curve should be more stringent to ensure driving safety.

Influences of Gesture-Based Mobile Phone Use While Driving

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110263
Author(s):  
Jianwei Niu ◽  
Yulin Zhou ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Xingguo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Lateral Position ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Secondary Tasks ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Gesture Control ◽  
The Impact

The use of mobile phones while driving has been a hot topic in the field of driving safety for decades. Although there are few studies on the influence of gesture control on in-vehicle secondary tasks, this study aims to investigate the impact of gesture-based mobile phone use without touching while driving from the perspective of multiple-resource workload owing to visual, auditory, cognitive, and psychomotor resource occupation. A novel gesture control technique was adopted for secondary task interactions, to recognize the gestures of drivers. An experiment was conducted to study the influences of two interaction modes, traditional touch-based mobile phone interaction and gesture-based mobile phone interaction, on driving behavior in three different cognitive level task groups. The results indicate that gesture-based mobile phone interaction can improve driving performance with regard to lateral position-keeping ability and steering wheel control; nevertheless, it has no significant impact on longitudinal metrics such as driving speed, driving speed variation, and throttle control variation. Gesture-based mobile phone interactions have a larger effect on secondary tasks with medium cognitive load but not on actual operation tasks. It was also verified that the performance of gesture-based mobile phone interaction was better in secondary mobile phone tasks such as switching (e.g., switching songs) and adjusting (e.g., adjusting volume) than the traditional interaction mode. This study provides the theoretical and experimental support for human–computer interaction using gesture-based mobile phone interactive control in future automobiles.

Using Driver Performance Measures to Estimate Workload

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (22) ◽  
pp. 1804-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua B. Hurwitz ◽  
David J. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Secondary Task ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Monitoring Task ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Driver Support Systems ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Lane Keeping ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluated the impact of the modality of distractor tasks and the difficulty of the driving task on driver control over a vehicle. Driving is a task with a close link between visual information processing and driver performance variables such as lane keeping. Consequently, compared to auditory distractors, visual distractors should have a larger negative effect on vehicle control, but mainly when the driving task also adds significant workload for the driver. In this study, drivers drove around either a curvy or a straight track while occasionally performing either an auditory or a visual secondary monitoring task. Performance of the secondary task was associated with deterioration in steering wheel control and lane keeping, but only on the curvy track and mainly when the secondary task required visual monitoring. These results are discussed in terms of their implication for developing workload managers in in-vehicle driver support systems.

scholarly journals Beacon Transmission Rate Allocation Optimization under Synchronized P-Persistent Repetition MAC Protocol for Platooning

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lin Hu ◽  
Yindong Xiao ◽  
Zhijian Dai
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Utility Maximization ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Rate Allocation ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Intelligent Transport System ◽  
Network Utility Maximization ◽  
Network Utility ◽  
The Impact

Platooning, which is enabled by vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, is one of the most potential frameworks in the intelligent transport system (ITS) to enhance driving safety and improve traffic capacity. In a platoon, vehicles interact with each other by broadcasting beacons via Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC). In this work, we explore the impact of beacon transmission rate allocation on the network utility which involves not only network performance but also traffic safety and efficiency for the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) composing of a single platoon. An optimization problem aiming at searching for an optimal beacon transmission rate allocation for platoon management is developed based on a network utility maximization framework. Particularly, adopting a synchronized P-persistent repetition (SPR) medium access control (MAC) protocol, an optimal beacon transmission rate allocation to achieve the network utility maximization, is obtained for a platoon at a certain cruise velocity. In the simulation, the correctness of the proposed approach is validated, and its advantages over the benchmark are demonstrated by comparisons.

Development of Warning System and Driving Model for Overtaking Trucks on Two-Lane Highways

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udai Hassein ◽  
Maksym Diachuk ◽  
Said Easa
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Steering Control ◽  
Collision Warning ◽  
Radar Sensors ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
The Impact

Passing collisions are one of the most serious traffic safety problems on two-lane highways. These collisions occur when a driver overestimates the available sight distance. This paper presents a framework for a passing collision warning system (PCWS) that assists drivers in avoiding passing collisions by reducing the likelihood of human error. The system uses a combination of a camera and radar sensors to identify the impeding vehicle type and to detect the opposing vehicles traveling in the left lane. The study involved the development of a steering control model providing lane-change maneuvers, the design of a driving simulator experiment that allows for the collection of data necessary to estimate passing parameters, and the elaboration of the algorithm for the PCWS based on sensor signals to detect impeding vehicles such as trucks. Simulation tests were carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed PCWS algorithm. The impact of driver behavior on passing maneuvers was also investigated. Mathematical and imitation models were enhanced to implement Simulink for replications of real-life driving scenarios. The different factors that affect system accuracy were also examined.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Single Wheel Hub Motor Failures and Their Impact on the Driver-Vehicle Behavior

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Wanner ◽  
Isabel Neumann ◽  
Lars Drugge ◽  
Peter Cocron ◽  
Maxim Bierbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Accelerator Pedal ◽  
Small Deviations ◽  
Failure Conditions ◽  
Critical Traffic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Motor Failure

An experimental field study investigating the impact of single wheel hub motor failures on the dynamic behavior of a vehicle and the corresponding driver reaction is presented in this work. The experiment is performed at urban speeds on a closed off test track. The single wheel hub motor failure is emulated with an auxiliary brake system in a modified electric vehicle. Driver reaction times are derived from the measured data and discussed in their experimental context. The failure is rated and evaluated objectively based on the dynamic behavior of the vehicle. Findings indicate that driver reactions are more apparent for the accelerator pedal compared to the steering wheel response. The controllability evaluation of the vehicle behavior shows that no critical traffic situation occurs for the tested failure conditions. However, even small deviations of the vehicle can impair traffic safety, specifically for other traffic participants like bicyclist and pedestrians.

scholarly journals Basic results of research of kinematics and dynamics little links of the mechanism of forest machines

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Платонова ◽  
Marina Platonova ◽  
Платонов ◽  
Aleksey Platonov ◽  
Драпалюк ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Kinematics And Dynamics ◽  
Operating Element ◽  
The Right ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
The Impact

Currently, the traffic safety on the railways remains a topical problem of removing unwanted trees and shrubs in the right of way of railways. To improve the efficiency removal of unwanted shoots and branches and stumps, reducing the share of manual labor and facilitation of staff by the authors in 2015 were investigated little links resources saving compact means of mechanization, allowing their use in hard to reach places. These means of mechanization considered in combination with modern the vehicles, which can provide them with the necessary energy, both on the railroad track, and away from it. The design scheme drawn up manipulators for mathematical description of the motion of their units in the plan and profile of the railway, shows a diagram of the dynamic interaction between the rotary operating element with tree and shrub vegetation and stumps, and on the basis of these formulas and reasoned input parameter values it was built a number of plots. The article presents the main findings and recommendations of the study of kinematics and dynamics little links of the mechanism of forest machines. It was concluded that a number of promising kinematic schemes associated with the rotation of the body part telescopic of manipulators machines, substantiated possible working range of the of manipulators according to the scheme of their location on the machine base, a certain range of angles of rotation around the axis of the working equipment of its fastening, the issues of the impact of deviations small diameter unwanted shoots from the vertical cutting force.

scholarly journals Simulation of a Motor Vehicle’s Motion on the Basis of a Turning with the Steering Wheel Release

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-308
Author(s):  
Jarosław Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Initial Speed ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Turning Maneuver ◽  
The Right

AbstractIn this paper, the selected phenomena related to a motor vehicle’s motion have been considered based on a computer simulation in MSC Adams/Car. The vehicle’s model performed a turning maneuver with the steering wheel release under different road conditions.All simulations have been performed based on the sports two-seater vehicle’s model, at the initial speed of 70 km/h on the flat and randomly uneven road. This enabled us to observe the selected phenomena along the road long enough to relate them to different aspects of road traffic safety in unusual situations. For uneven road, the same profiles were assumed for the left and the right wheel of the vehicle, with two coefficient values determining the maximum height of these irregularities.

scholarly journals Assessment of traffic safety at median openings using surrogate safety measures: a case study in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (ET.2020) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Malaya Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Transportation Engineering ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Road Crash ◽  
Stopping Sight Distance

Traffic safety is an integral part of transportation engineering. In developing countries, its importance is even more. Additionally, at uncontrolled median openings, the severity of road crashes increase many fold. Conventionally, road crash data were used to analyse safety. However, in developing countries, the accuracy of this data is highly questionable. Therefore, in this study, a new technique in addition to post encroachment time (PET), which is a surrogate safety measure is used to predict the severity of probable road crashes at median openings. After the extraction of PET values from field data, they have been compared with the minimum braking times obtained from calculation of minimum stopping sight distance. The comparison shows that while the number of road crashes may be less at lower traffic volume levels, however the severity of those crashes is much higher as compared to the road crashes occurring at high traffic volumes.

scholarly journals DRIVER’S REACTION TIME IN A SIMULATED, COMPLEX ROAD INCIDENT

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Stanisław Jurecki ◽  
Tomasz Lech Stańczyk ◽  
Marek Jacek Jaśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Right

This paper presents an overview of research on the behaviour of drivers in simulated accident situations. The research was carried out by the authors of this work as a part of a research N N509 549 040 funded by the National Science Centre including new accident situations. The paper presents a description of the methodology and implementation of research on a track. During the tests, the simulation concerns about an accident risk situation involving pedestrians and passenger cars intruding the road area. In contrast to earlier research carried out by the authors, the scenario included the possibility of a pedestrian ‘entering’ from behind a curtain, both from the left and from the right sides of the road. This was possible thanks to a specially developed test stand. The paper analyses the values of driver’s reaction times characteristic to driver’s impact on: acceleration control pedals, service brake and steering wheel. In addition to the determination of average reaction time values and the regression line for the test group of 30 drivers, the assessment of the frequency of drivers taking individual defensive reactions was carried out. Keywords: traffic safety; collision; road accidents; regression equation; simulation.

scholarly journals Multicriteria evaluation of the trajectory of a wheeled mobile robot – a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 09007
Author(s):  
Jerzy Montusiewicz ◽  
Stanisław Skulimowski
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Movement Assessment ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right ◽  
Autonomous Movement ◽  
The Impact

The problem of maintaining accuracy of autonomous movement of vehicles and robots is an important element of keeping the right level of traffic safety. This applies not only to autonomous cars, but also to construction or other industry mobile robots that will soon appear in the human environment. With that in mind, the authors present a multi-criteria assessment process, which can be used to assess the qualitative and quantitative movement of such robots, in order to better identify passage errors, as well as improve their way of moving. The authors wanted to check the effect of the set power level on engines, repeatability of subsequent runs, and the impact of the level of contamination of the surface on the stability of the robot movement. The article describes the results of the robots movement assessment based on (1) the surface areas of the routes envelope, (2) the augmented average route length and (3) the number of trajectory intersections. The results obtained were compared to the research scenarios – differences in set power for motors and the state of contamination of the surface

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