We Are Never Ever Getting (back to) Ideal Symmetry: Structure and Luminescence in a Ten-Coordinated Europium(III) Sulfate Crystal

Our theoretical treatment of electronic structure in coordination complexes often rests on assumptions of symmetry. Experiments rarely provide fully symmetric systems to study. In solution, fluctuation in solvation, variations in conformation, and even changes in constitution occur and complicates the picture. In crystals, lattice distortion, energy transfer, and phonon quenching is in play, but we are able to have distinct symmetries. Yet the question remains: How is the real symmetry in a crystal compared to ideal symmetries? Moreover, at what level of detail do we need to study a system to determine, if the electronic structure behaves as if it has ideal symmetry? Here, we have revisited the Continues Shape Measurement (CShM) approach developed by Ruiz-Martínez and Alvarez to evaluate the structure of ten-coordinated europium(III) ions in a K5Na[Eu2(SO4)6] structure. By comparing the result of the symmetry deviation analysis to luminescence data, we are able to show the effect of small deviations from ideal symmetry. We suggest using a symmetry deviation value, σideal, determined by using our updated approach to Continues Shape Measurements, where we also align the structure via our AlignIt code. AlignIt includes normalization and relative orientation in the symmetry comparison, and by combining the calculated values with the experimentally determined energy level splitting, we were able create the first point on a scale that can show how close to ideal an experimental structure actually is.

The Geometry of ATG-Walks of the Omicron SARS CoV-2 Virus RNAs

In this message, the complete RNA sequences (GISAID) of Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) SARS CoV-2 viruses are studied using the genomic ATG-walks. These walks are compared visually and numerically with a reference RNA (Wuhan, China, 2020), and the deviation levels are estimated. Statistical characteristics of these distributions are compared, including the fractal dimension values of coding-word length distributions. Most of the 17 RNA ATG walks studied here show relatively small deviations of their characteristics and resistance to forming a new virus family.

Revisiting a low-dimensional model with short range interactions and mean field critical behavior

In all local low-dimensional models, scaling at critical points deviates from mean field behavior – with one possible exception. This exceptional model with “ordinary” behavior is an inherently non-equilibrium model studied some time ago by H.-M. Bröker and myself. In simulations, its 2-dimensional version suggested that two critical exponents were mean-field, while a third one showed very small deviations. Moreover, the numerics agreed almost perfectly with an explicit mean field model. In the present paper we present simulations with much higher statistics, both for 2d and 3d. In both cases we find that the deviations of all critical exponents from their mean field values are non-leading corrections, and that the scaling is precisely of mean field type. As in the original paper, we propose that the mechanism for this is “confusion”, a strong randomization of the phases of feed-backs that can occur in non-equilibrium systems.

Multimodal spectroscopy with chemometrics for the forensic analysis of the inorganic content of Western Australian sandy soils

This study demonstrates a multi-modal analytical sequence suited to the characterisation of sandy soils, which remain an underutilised form of forensic trace evidence. Within the Swan Coastal Plain in Perth, Western Australia, most soils are heavily leached with only small deviations in their mineral compositions. Traditional soil analyses are hence rendered inappropriate for use due to the lack of clay and organic matter. This has led to inorganic methods of analysis predominating, in addition to experimentation with modified techniques. One example is utilisation of the quartz-recovered fine fraction, which is suitable for dry, quartz-dominated sandy soils. In this study, preliminary investigations used the spectroscopic techniques microspectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction, to develop a multi-faceted approach for the forensic analysis of the quartz fine fraction of soils. These data were then combined with principal component analysis to demonstrate how chemometrics can assist with objective characterisation and differentiation of sandy soil samples for forensic purposes. Chemometric analysis has not previously been attempted with data obtained from the quartz fine fraction. This methodology is transferable to other jurisdictions where dry, sandy soils predominate.

KRAĆI POGLED NA ODNOSE NARODNE BANKE SRBIJE SA ZAKONODAVNOM I IZVRŠNOM VLAŠĆU

In the paper, the author at the beginning points to the position of the Privileged National Bank of Serbia, which was established by the Law on the National Bank in 1883. The greatest influence of the state power, embodied in the monarch and the royal government, was exercised through the institution of state supervision over the National Bank. The personnel influence of the monarch and the competent minister of the royal government on the occasion of the election of the governor and the strong discipline of the state supervision over the central bank were the characteristics of the time of the constitution from 1869. The dependence of the central bank on the state authorities, that is, on the extremely authoritarian executive, continued in the Yugoslav socialist federation. The central part of the paper analyzes the constitutional and legal position of the National Bank of Serbia, its goals and functions. Special attention is paid to the election of the governor. Namely, based on the legal solution from 2003, the election of the governor began and ended in the National Assembly. During 2012, there was a change since the governor was proposed by the President of the Republic for a longer term of six years. Finally, the author points out that the legal regulations concerning the organization of the National Bank of Serbia correspond to internationally accepted standards. However, the election of the governor (more broadly, the governing body), and especially the possibility of dismissal, indicates that there are not small deviations of independence in practice in relation to formal independence prescribed by the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia and the Law on the National Bank.

Cloud-based IoT Platform DC-DC Power Converter (Non-Ideal)

This paper describes a modularized smart system architecture which is integrated with Internet of Thing (IoT) into the DC-DC converters to build a programmable technique to leverage machine learning algorithms to predict possible future faults to the system. In addition, it facilitates the performance optimization of the boost converter. This system can be established with low computing hardware to simulates the control behavior and data-driven method of IoT-based, due to the unreliability initiated from the integration of IoT technology and power electronic converters. In response to these challenges, the current paper addresses a scientific approach using small signal analysis of dc-dc boost converter (non-Ideal) with closed loop control to analyze the small deviations or abnormalities in transient region and the steady-state operating point. Complete state-space analysis is done to obtain output voltage using pulse width modulation techniques for boosting the voltage of the input voltage to a higher level by momentarily storing and release the energy in the conductor. The model of the converter is designed and simulated using voltage mode controlling method. Digital implementation based on Arduino platform was implemented to compensate perturbations of sudden load variation either on voltage or current loads. A Simulation study is conducted to validate the result of the step-up dc-dc converter using MATLAB.

Applications of the Schwarzschild–Finsler–Randers model

In this article, we study further applications of the Schwarzschild–Finsler–Randers (SFR) model which was introduced in a previous work Triantafyllopoulos et al. (Eur Phys J C 80(12):1200, 2020). In this model, we investigate curvatures and the generalized Kretschmann invariant which plays a crucial role for singularities. In addition, the derived path equations are used for the gravitational redshift of the SFR-model and these are compared with the GR model. Finally, we get some results for different values of parameters of the generalized photonsphere of the SFR-model and we find small deviations from the classical results of general relativity (GR) which may be ought to the possible Lorentz violation effects.

DETERMINATION OF ULTRA-SMALL DEVIATIONS FROM STOICHIOMETRY BY EQUILIBRIUM VAPOR PHASE COMPOSITION OF WIDE BEND GAP А2 В6 SEMICONDUCTORS

The paper considers the possibility of determining the deviation from the stoichiometry in cadmium and zinc chalcogenides by the composition of the equilibrium vapor phase. The conditions for the evaporation are considered. It is shown that if the ratio of the of the solid and vapor phases volumes is more then 120, it is possible to determine the deviation from stoichiometry at the order of magnitude 1014 cm-3.

A simple model for interpreting temperature variability and its higher-order changes

Atmospheric temperature distributions are often identified with their variance, while the higher-order moments receive less attention. This can be especially misleading for extremes, which are associated with the tails of the Probability Density Functions (PDFs), and thus depend strongly on the higher-order moments. For example, skewness is related to the asymmetry between positive and negative anomalies, while kurtosis is indicative of the ”extremity” of the tails. Here we show that for near-surface atmospheric temperature, an approximate linear relationship exists between kurtosis and skewness squared. We present a simple model describing this relationship, where the total PDF is written as the sum of three Gaussians, representing small deviations from the climatological mean together with the larger amplitude cold and warm temperature anomalies associated with synoptic systems. This model recovers the PDF structure in different regions of the world, as well as its projected response to climate change, giving a simple physical interpretation of the higher-order temperature variability changes. The kurtosis changes are found to be largely predicted by the skewness changes. Building a deeper understanding of what controls the higher-order moments of the temperature variability is crucial for understanding extreme temperature events and how they respond to climate change.

Starting Pitch Selection is Precise in Exploratory Study of Collegiate Nonmusic Majors

Starting pitch selection—whether intentional or habitual or otherwise— has been theorized to vary according to multiple variables. The purpose of this study was to explore starting pitch selection in undergraduate nonmusic major singers by using four well known songs and nonsinging tasks. Participants were actively singing in a college choir and majoring in fields outside of music. Performances indicated very small deviations in the median starting pitch for each criterion song (100–200 cents). Data indicated discrimination in starting pitch selection between songs. Active singers may place songs in the middle portion of the vocal range compared with the tendency toward lower range in nonsingers in previous research. A history of voice lessons was significantly associated with a positive response to a follow-up questionnaire item “I chose an intentional range for my voice.”