scholarly journals The Role of the Local Host Community’s Involvement in the Development of Tourism: A Case Study of the Residents’ Perceptions toward Tourism on the Route of Santiago de Compostela (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakson-Renner-Rodrigues Soares ◽  
Maria-Francisca Casado-Claro ◽  
María-Elvira Lezcano-González ◽  
María-Dolores Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
Larissa-Paola-Macedo-Castro Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Work ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Santiago De Compostela ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
World Heritage List

As an economic, social, and cultural activity, tourism shapes the relationship between visitors and local communities in tourist destinations. While tourism generates economic growth and employment opportunities for residents, its benefits come with a social cost. This article highlights the results of an online survey that was carried out at the beginning of 2021 in the seven major Galician cities along the Route of Santiago de Compostela (the Way of St. James) in Spain, which is a historical, natural, and cultural tourist attraction that is inscribed in the UNESCO’s World Heritage List in the category of cultural assets. The goal of the research work was to get to know first-hand the opinion of local communities about the positive and negative effects of tourism in their cities, on the Route of Santiago, and in the region of Galicia as a whole. Research work shows that residents’ perception of tourism leans toward the positive side, although it also reveals the need for tourism planners to involve host communities in tourism development. This research study about a World Heritage site should prove useful for political decision makers, tourism planners, and experts, both in Galicia and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Does Designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site Influence Tourist Evaluation of a Local Destination?

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello M. Mariani ◽  
Andrea Guizzardi
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage Site ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Artistic Assets

The purpose of this study is to explore whether the UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) designation affects tourists’ evaluation of the local destination hosting the site, building on a large sample of about 0.8 million tourists who visited Italy over the period 1997–2015. We find that the inscription onto the UNESCO World Heritage List exerts surprisingly a negative effect on the overall evaluation of the destination and also on the evaluation of its artistic assets though the magnitude of the latter is lower. The effect is heterogeneous across visitors, depending on evaluation levels, as well as origin/destinations and demographics. Nonetheless, the presence of multiple WHSs in the same destination tends to increase evaluation, suggesting that destination stakeholders with previous experience in dealing with WHS designations are better equipped to manage the complicated relationship between tourism and preservation. Managerial and policy-making implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Contested Rights of Local Communities and Indigenous Peoples in Conflicts over Biocultural Diversity: The case of Karen communities in Thung Yai, a World Heritage Site in Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 2022-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
REINER BUERGIN
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Biocultural Diversity ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Legal Frameworks

AbstractThe conceptualization of interrelations between biological and cultural diversity since the 1980s indicates a biocultural turn in discourses and policies regarding nature conservation, sustainable development, and indigenous peoples. These interrelations frequently manifest as conflicts between local communities who derive their livelihoods and identity from their lands and resources, and external actors and institutions who claim control over these areas, invoking superior interests in nature conservation, development, and modernization. In these asymmetric conflicts over biocultural diversity, framed in discourses that demand the preservation of both biological and cultural diversity, the opportunities for local communities to assert their claims crucially depend on external discursive and legal frameworks.Based on a study of the Karen ethnic minority groups in the Thung Yai World Heritage Site in Thailand, this article explores challenges and chances for local communities to assert claims and rights to lands, resources, and self-determination in the context of the biocultural turn in environment and development discourses as well as heterogeneous legal frameworks. Human rights as individual rights are widely recognized, but may be difficult to enforce and of limited suitability in conflicts over biocultural diversity. Group rights like indigenous rights are increasingly devised to protect ethnic minorities and perpetuate cultural diversity, but are often disputed on the national level and may be ambiguous regarding heterogeneous communities. In Thailand and globally, community rights provide another promising framework with regard to conflicts over biocultural diversity if the claims of communities to livelihoods and self-determination are respected.

Forms of government and local community participation in the management of cultural World Heritage sites in Southeast Asia | รูปแบบของรัฐกับการมีส่วนร่วมของชุมชนท้องถิ่นในการจัดการแหล่งมรดกโลกทาง วัฒนธรรม ในเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vithaya Arporn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Local Community ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural World

This paper studied the management of three World Heritage sites in 3 countries of Southeast Asia : Malaysia, Laos, and Thailand. The results of this research show that a decentralized form of government in Southeast Asia provides opportunities for local communities to develop better participation in the World Heritage site management than the centralized forms of government. For local communities to contribute to the World Heritage philosophy, it is necessary to improve both the conceptual and practical aspects of the World Heritage Committee, Advisory organizations, and State Parties. They have to learn lessons and agree to work closely together. บทความนี้เลือกศึกษาการจัดการแหล่งมรดกโลกจำานวน 3 แหล่งในประเทศมาเลเซีย ลาว และไทย โดยใช้วิธีการ สำารวจเอกสาร ผลการศึกษาพบว่า รูปแบบของรัฐในเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ที่กระจายอำานาจจะเปิดโอกาสให้ ชุมชนท้องถิ่นสามารถพัฒนาการมีส่วนร่วมในการจัดการแหล่งมรดกโลกได้ดีกว่ารูปแบบรัฐที่รวบอำานาจ การที่จะ ให้ชุมชนท้องถิ่นมีส่วนร่วมตามปรัชญาของมรดกโลกจึงจะต้องปรับปรุงทั้งในส่วนของกรอบคิดและการปฏิบัติทั้งใน ส่วนของคณะกรรมการมรดกโลก องค์กรที่ปรึกษา และรัฐภาคี โดยต้องสรุปบทเรียนและยอมรับร่วมกันอย่างใกล้ ชิด

scholarly journals Management of Isolated Islands: The example of Sceilg Mhichíl, Ireland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Bourke
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
National Monument ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Culture Heritage ◽  
Protection Area

The island of Skellig Michael (in Irish, Sceilg Mhichíl) lies 11.6km off the westernmost tip of the Iveragh peninsula, Co. Kerry, Ireland. The island is approximately 21.9 hectares in area. It is owned by the Minister for Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht on behalf of the Irish people, with the exception of the lower (working) lighthouse and its curtilage, the helipad and adjacent store. Skellig Michael is primarily managed as a National Monument in state ownership. The entire island was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1996 in recognition of the outstanding universal significance of its cultural landscape and the importance of its protection to the highest international standards. As well as the World Heritage Site, the rocks are home to gannets, puffins, storm petrels and many other birds. Owing to its ornithological importance, Skellig Michael is also designated as a Statutory Nature Reserve and a Special Protection Area, and is a proposed Natural Heritage Area. As an Atlantic island situated a significant distance from the mainland, the management of the site, in terms of protection, conservation and providing a guide service, comes with many unusual and unique challenges.

scholarly journals APLIKASI GIS UNTUK PEMETAAN POLA ALIRAN AIR TANAH DI KAWASAN BOROBUDUR

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Fr Dian Ekarini
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
World Heritage List

Candi Borobudur merupakan warisan nenek moyang yang harus dilestarikan dan dijaga keberadaannya. Unesco telah menetapkan Candi Borobudur masuk ke dalam WHL (World Heritage List) sebagai Warisan Budaya Dunia (World Heritage Site) dengan nomor 348 tertanggal 13 Desember 1991 dan kemudian diperbaharui menjadi nomor 592 tahun 1991, yang harus dilindungi oleh masyarakat dunia. Begitu banyak permasalahan dan tantangan yang harus dihadapi dalam melestarikan Candi Borobudur. terutama masalah air karena tempatnya yang terbuka. Setelah pemugaran kedua Candi Borobudur yang dilakukan oleh perintah Indonesia kerjasama dengan Unesco pada tahun 1973-1983, telah mulai dilakukan pemantauan/monitoring dan evaluasi terhadap hasil pemugaran termasuk salah satunya adalah mengenai masalah kondisi air bawah Candi Borobudur. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui pola aliran air tanah di kawasan Candi Borobudur dengan memanfaatkan GIS (Geographic Information System). Dengan diketahuinya pola aliran air tanah ini dapat dijadikan acuan dikemudian hari untuk penelitian-penelitian lanjutan yang berhubungan dengan air tanah, contohnya adalah masalah pencemaran. Lokasi yang diambil untuk penelitian ini adalah Zona III Candi Borobudur yang merupakan tempat terdekat dengan Candi Borobudur yang berupa zona pengembang yang diperuntukkan bagi kawasan pemukiman penduduk, sehingga bisa diambil sampel sumurnya untuk penelitian. Setelah kegiatan observasi di lapangan selesai, dilanjutkan pengolahan data dengan komputer menggunakan software AcrGIS 9.3 dan ArcView 3.3 untuk mendapatkan peta pola aliran air tanah di kawasan Borobudur. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diperkirakan kedalaman air tanah di komplek Candi Borobudur adalah 21,5 - 22 meter di bawah halaman candi. Di sekitar Candi Borobudur dapat diketahui pola aliran air tanahnya yaitu dari barat laut mengalir menuju ke arah tenggara sampai Sungai Progo. Selain itu dari penelitian ini, 2 sungai yang ada di lokasi penelitian yaitu Sungai Progo dan Sungai Elo masing-masing mempunyai 2 sifat aliran yaitu aliran efluen (sungai mendapat aliran air dari air tanah) dan influen (sungai memberi air kepada air tanah.

Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site and sustainable development

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mavis Thokozile Macheka
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Local People ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Great Zimbabwe

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the extent to which Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site has contributed to the sustainable development of the local people who live in its vicinity. What is critically important to underscore is the value of the site to society. Design/methodology/approach The relevant data were collected through questionnaires, personal interviews and site visits. Findings The paper reveals that cultural heritage has affected sustainable development of local communities living in its vicinity in social and cultural terms. There is promotion of Shona traditions through exhibitions and selling of curios by local people at community projects such as the Shona Village and the Great Zimbabwe Nemanwa Craft Centre. The two projects also generate revenue to the local communities. However it was established that a number of benefits from the site such as employment creation are temporary and unsustainable. The main challenge for effecting sustainable development to local communities is lack of community participation. Originality/value Most researchers are arguing that sustainability of cultural heritage is much more difficult compared to natural heritage but the findings reflect that cultural heritage through Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site could be an essential engine and valuable resource for sustainable development.

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