scholarly journals A Novel Emergency Evacuation Model of Subway Station Passengers Considering Personality Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10463
Author(s):  
Heng Wang ◽  
Tiandong Xu ◽  
Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Model ◽  
The Relationship

Subway station emergencies have caused serious casualties in recent years, so the aim of this research was to develop and establish an evacuation model that considers the OCEAN personality psychological traits to improve the credibility of the emergency pedestrian evacuation simulation. Firstly, the relationship between the personality and psychological stress was established based on the reconstruction of a passenger’s personality traits. Secondly, the relationship between the expected speed and a passenger’s personality traits was modified based on the social force model. Finally, the simulation was carried out using the Anylogic software. The results show that as the value of the personality increases, the evacuation time of personalities ψA and ψC gradually increases, but the opposite effect is observed for personalities ψN and ψE. Similarly, as the value of personality traits increases, the speed of personalities ψA and ψC gradually decreases, but the opposite effect is observed for personalities ψN and ψE. Only during peak periods, as the value of personality traits increases, the density of the connecting area of passengers with personality traits ψA and ψC gradually increases; on the contrary, that of passengers with personality traits ψN and ψE gradually decreases. The conclusion of this study is that different personality traits have different effects on evacuation behavior, which enriches the model of pedestrian evacuation further.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Approach of Subway Station Passengers’ Heterogeneity of Decision Preference Considering Personality Traits During Emergency Evacuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12540
Author(s):  
Heng Wang ◽  
Zehao Jiang ◽  
Tiandong Xu ◽  
Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Random Parameter ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Preference Heterogeneity ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Crowd Density ◽  
The Relationship

Subway station emergencies are gradually increasing in China. The aim of this research is to study the effects of “Dist”, “Pedestrian flow” and “Crowd density” on the heterogeneity of passengers’ decision-making preference and explore the relationship between heterogeneity and personality. Firstly, a questionnaire of 20 emergency evacuation scenarios, that includes the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, is designed. Secondly, the heterogeneity of passengers’ decision preference is quantified by the random parameter logit model. Finally, personality traits and influencing factors are used as abscissa and ordinate respectively, to study the relationship between personality traits and preference heterogeneity. The results show that the coefficients of “Dist”, “Pedestrian flow” and “Crowd density” are –0.101, 0.236 and –0.442 respectively, which are statistically significant. The proportion of extroverted passengers of the exit is 9% higher than that of introverted passengers when “Pedestrian flow” of the exit is greater than the average value, while the proportion of introverted passengers is 7% higher than that of extroverted passengers when “Crowd density” is smaller than the average value. The conclusion is that the three influence factors are random variables, and “Dist” shows the lowest level of heterogeneity. Extroverted passengers are more likely to follow a large crowd for evacuation, but introverted passengers are more likely to avoid crowded exits.

Improved social force model for rescue action during evacuation

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (25) ◽  
pp. 2050273
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Tian ◽  
Hongjun Cui ◽  
Minqing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Main Direction ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Counter Flow ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Evacuation Time

There often exist behaviors of moving against the main direction of evacuation in order to rescue or find the important missing people in real situations. However, the traditional social force model (SFM) often lacks consideration of such “counter flow”. Motivated by this, we improve the traditional SFM to study the counter flow and its influence on evacuation out of multi-exit rooms. We call the person to be rescued “superior” and the rescuers “subordinate”. Two different rescue situations are proposed: superior waiting in place (case 1) and superior moving towards the exit (case 2). The results show that the counter flow will always reduce the evacuation efficiency to a certain extent, and the evacuation efficiency of case 1 is lower than that of case 2. At the same time, for these two cases, increasing the number of rescuers increases the evacuation time. We also find that the existence of counter flow can enlarge the effect of “faster-is-slower”, while increasing the number of exports can significantly improve the rescue efficiency. We hope that this result can help to improve the efficiency of emergency evacuation with rescue.

scholarly journals Pedestrian Evacuation Risk Assessment of Subway Station under Large-Scale Sport Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyang Cheng ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
Yi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Pedestrian Safety ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Evacuation Risk

Pedestrian evacuation risk of subway stations is an important concern in city management, as it not only endangers public safety but also affects the efficiency of urban subway transportation. Determination of how to effectively evaluate the pedestrian evacuation risk of subway stations is of great significance to improve pedestrian safety. Previous studies about the pedestrian evacuation of subway station were primarily focused on pedestrian moving behaviors and the evacuation modeling, and the evacuation scenario is the regular subway operation. There is a dearth of studies to quantify the pedestrian evacuation risk in the evacuation process, especially the pedestrian evacuation risk quantitative characterization of subway station in large-scale sport activity. The current study develops a quantitative pedestrian evacuation risk assessment model that integrates pedestrian stampede probability and pedestrian casualty. Then several different simulation scenarios based on the social force model (SFM) are simulated to evaluate the pedestrian evacuation risk of the “Olympic Park Station” in Beijing, China. The results demonstrate that the pedestrian evacuation method, pedestrian stampede location, and distance from the stampede location to the ticket gate have a large impact on pedestrian evacuation risk. Then, the pedestrian evacuation scenarios with the lowest and highest risk for the “Olympic Park Station” in large-scale sport activity are determined. The findings have potential applications in pedestrian safety protection of subway station during large-scale sports activity.

scholarly journals Pedestrian Arching Mechanism at Bottleneck in Subway Transit Hub

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Wei Luo ◽  
Pengpeng Jiao ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Unidirectional Flow ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Under the massive pedestrian flow, pedestrians arching phenomenon forms easily at bottleneck in subway hubs, which might stampede and crush. To explore pedestrian arching mechanism at bottleneck in subway transit hub, this paper conducts a series of simulation experiment. Firstly, movement preference characteristic in subway transit hubs was introduced into the social force model which considers multiple force. Then, after setting basic experiment scenario, unidirectional flow at different bottlenecks were simulated. Finally, the mechanism of pedestrian arching phenomenon at bottleneck was quantitative analyzed with the help of experimental data. Some main conclusions are summarized. Pedestrian arching phenomenon could be divided into four stages: Free, arching formation, arching stabilization and arching dissipation. In addition, the relationship between bottleneck scenario and passing time could be built to a function model. With the different of bottleneck width ratio, passing time presents positive correlation. The research results could give some helps for understanding the dynamic evolution process of unidirectional flow at bottleneck, improving the pedestrian efficiency at bottleneck and optimizing pedestrian facilities in subway transit hub.

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