scholarly journals A Quantitative Approach of Subway Station Passengers’ Heterogeneity of Decision Preference Considering Personality Traits During Emergency Evacuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12540
Author(s):  
Heng Wang ◽  
Zehao Jiang ◽  
Tiandong Xu ◽  
Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Random Parameter ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Preference Heterogeneity ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Crowd Density ◽  
The Relationship

Subway station emergencies are gradually increasing in China. The aim of this research is to study the effects of “Dist”, “Pedestrian flow” and “Crowd density” on the heterogeneity of passengers’ decision-making preference and explore the relationship between heterogeneity and personality. Firstly, a questionnaire of 20 emergency evacuation scenarios, that includes the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, is designed. Secondly, the heterogeneity of passengers’ decision preference is quantified by the random parameter logit model. Finally, personality traits and influencing factors are used as abscissa and ordinate respectively, to study the relationship between personality traits and preference heterogeneity. The results show that the coefficients of “Dist”, “Pedestrian flow” and “Crowd density” are –0.101, 0.236 and –0.442 respectively, which are statistically significant. The proportion of extroverted passengers of the exit is 9% higher than that of introverted passengers when “Pedestrian flow” of the exit is greater than the average value, while the proportion of introverted passengers is 7% higher than that of extroverted passengers when “Crowd density” is smaller than the average value. The conclusion is that the three influence factors are random variables, and “Dist” shows the lowest level of heterogeneity. Extroverted passengers are more likely to follow a large crowd for evacuation, but introverted passengers are more likely to avoid crowded exits.

scholarly journals A Novel Emergency Evacuation Model of Subway Station Passengers Considering Personality Traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10463
Author(s):  
Heng Wang ◽  
Tiandong Xu ◽  
Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Pedestrian Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Model ◽  
The Relationship

Subway station emergencies have caused serious casualties in recent years, so the aim of this research was to develop and establish an evacuation model that considers the OCEAN personality psychological traits to improve the credibility of the emergency pedestrian evacuation simulation. Firstly, the relationship between the personality and psychological stress was established based on the reconstruction of a passenger’s personality traits. Secondly, the relationship between the expected speed and a passenger’s personality traits was modified based on the social force model. Finally, the simulation was carried out using the Anylogic software. The results show that as the value of the personality increases, the evacuation time of personalities ψA and ψC gradually increases, but the opposite effect is observed for personalities ψN and ψE. Similarly, as the value of personality traits increases, the speed of personalities ψA and ψC gradually decreases, but the opposite effect is observed for personalities ψN and ψE. Only during peak periods, as the value of personality traits increases, the density of the connecting area of passengers with personality traits ψA and ψC gradually increases; on the contrary, that of passengers with personality traits ψN and ψE gradually decreases. The conclusion of this study is that different personality traits have different effects on evacuation behavior, which enriches the model of pedestrian evacuation further.

The Relationship Between Adolescents’ Personality and Neurasthenia: A Comparison of Australian and Chinese

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1337-1342
Author(s):  
Lin Ye ◽  
Gu Zhu ◽  
Nick Martin ◽  
Yangyang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Health Report ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the present study was to examine the cross-cultural differences in the relationship between personality traits and neurasthenia across early adolescence. The participants were from Australia and China. Adolescents’ personality was measured by the Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and neurasthenia was measured by the Somatic and Psychological Health Report. Structural equation modeling showed that neuroticism significantly predicted neurasthenia for both Chinese and Australian adolescents. Multigroup comparisons indicated that the strength of the relationship between neuroticism and neurasthenia was consistent across Australian and Chinese adolescents. Our findings imply that the relationship between personality traits and neurasthenia is consistent across different cultures.

scholarly journals Relações entre esportividade e traços de personalidade de esportistas eletrônicos amadores do Rio de Janeiro (Relationship between sportsmanship and personality traits of amateur electronic sportsmen from Rio de Janeiro) (Relaciones entre deportividad y

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 537-542
Author(s):  
Dirceu Ribeiro Gama ◽  
Marcel Amaral De Queiroz ◽  
Matheus Cristino Cordeiro ◽  
Jean Marinho Eftimie ◽  
Rodrigo Souza Vale
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Moderate Positive Correlation ◽  
Janeiro City

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as relações entre esportividade e traços de personalidade de esportistas eletrônicos amadores do Rio de Janeiro. A amostra foi composta de 36 esportistas eletrônicos amadores, todos residentes na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os instrumentos para coleta de dados foram o Questionário de Personalidade de Eysenck; Questionário de Atitudes no Esporte; e um questionário suplementar de cunho sociodemográfico. O teste de correlação de Spearman mostrou uma correlação negativa moderada da variável idade com os traços de personalidade Psicoticismo (rho= -0,424; p= 0,010) e Neuroticismo (rho= -0,386; p= 0,020), e com a dimensão Convenção (rho= -0,452; p= 0,006). A variável anos de jogo exibiu correlação positiva moderada com a dimensão Antidesportivismo (rho= 0,410; p= 0,013). A variável horas semanais praticadas também acusou uma correlação positiva moderada com o Antidesportivismo (rho= 0,345; p= 0,039). Observou-se uma correlação positiva moderada entre o Psicoticismo e a dimensão Convenção (rho= 0,360; p= 0,031). A Extroversão correlacionou-se positiva e moderadamente com a dimensão Trapaça (rho= 0,351; p= 0,036). O Neuroticismo e as dimensões Empenho (rho= 0,372; p= 0,025) e Convenção (rho= 0,447 p= 0,006) correlacionaram-se de modo positivo e moderado. Conclui-se que os graus de esportividade de esportistas eletrônicos estão relacionados a determinados traços de personalidade.Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between sportsmanship and personality traits of amateur electronic sportsmen from Rio de Janeiro. The sample consisted of 36 amateur electronic sportsmen, all residents at Rio de Janeiro city. The instruments for data collection were the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire; the Sport Attitudes Questionnaire; and a supplementary sociodemographic questionnaire. Spearman's correlation test showed a moderate negative correlation between the age variable and the personality traits Psychoticism (rho= -0,424; p= 0,010) and Neuroticism (rho= -0,386; p= 0,020), and the Convention dimension (rho= -0,452; p= 0,006). The variable years of practice exhibited moderate positive correlation with the dimension Unsportsmanship (rho= 0,410; p= 0,013). The variable hours per week practiced also showed a moderate positive correlation with Unsportsmanship (rho= 0,345; p= 0,039). There was a moderate positive correlation between Psychoticism and the Convention dimension (rho= 0,360; p= 0,031). Extroversion correlated positively and moderately with the Cheat dimension (rho= 0,351; p= 0,036). Neuroticism and the Commitment (rho= 0,372; p= 0,025) and Convention (rho= 0,447 p= 0,006) dimensions were correlated positively and moderately. One concludes that the sportsmanship levels of electronic sportsmen are related to certain personality traits.Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre deportividad y rasgos de personalidad de deportistas electrónicos amadores de Río de Janeiro. La muestra consistió en 36 deportistas electrónicos amadores, todos residentes en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro. Los instrumentos para la recolección de datos fueron el Cuestionario de personalidad de Eysenck; Cuestionario de actitudes deportivas; y un cuestionario sociodemográfico suplementario. La prueba de correlación de Spearman mostró una correlación negativa moderada de la variable edad con los rasgos de personalidad Psicoticismo (rho= -0,424; p= 0,010) y Neuroticismo (rho= -0,386; p= 0,020), y con la dimensión Convención (rho= -0,452; p= 0,006). La variable años de juego exhibiero una correlación positiva moderada con la dimensión Antideportividad (rho= 0,410; p= 0,013). Las horas semanales practicadas también mostraron una correlación positiva moderada con la Antideportividad (rho= 0,345; p= 0,039). Hubo una correlación positiva moderada entre el Psicoticismo y la dimensión de la Convención (rho= 0,360; p= 0,031). La Extroversión se correlacionó positiva y moderadamente con la dimensión Trapaza (rho= 0,351; p= 0,036). El Neuroticismo y las dimensiones de Empeño (rho= 0,372; p= 0,025) y Convención (rho= 0,447 p= 0,006) se correlacionaron positiva y moderadamente. Se concluye que los grados de Deportividad de los deportes electrónicos están relacionados con ciertos rasgos de personalidad.

The Mediating Effect of Personality Traits on the Relationship Between Self-Concealment and Subjective Well-Being

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Ling Qi ◽  
Lijuan Cui
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Using path analysis, we examined the mediating effect of personality traits on the relationship between self-concealment and subjective well-being. Participants were 291 undergraduates who completed the Chinese versions of the Self Concealment Scale, NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and General Well-Being Schedule. Our results showed that both self-concealment and neuroticism had negative effects on subjective well-being, while extraversion had a positive effect on subjective well-being. Self-concealment affected subjective well-being indirectly via personality traits. These findings suggest that self-concealment has both direct and indirect effects on subjective well-being, and that personality traits are directly associated with subjective well-being. This indicates that personality traits may mediate the association between self-concealment and subjective well-being.

scholarly journals S73. RELATIONSHIP OF COGNITIVE ABILITY AND PERSONALITY TRAITS WITH HOSTILE ATTRIBUTION BIAS IN NONCLINICAL SUBJECTS: THEORY OF MIND AS A MEDIATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S62-S62
Author(s):  
Se Jun Koo ◽  
Ye Jin Kim ◽  
Eunchong Seo ◽  
Hye Yoon Park ◽  
Jee Eun Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Hostile Attribution Bias ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Hostile Attribution ◽  
Attribution Bias ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Hostile attribution bias has been reported to be common from nonclinical population to serious mental illness such as schizophrenia and is known to be closely related to social cognition. The aims of this study was to investigate whether theory of mind (ToM) skills mediate the relationship between cognitive ability and personality traits and attribution bias by using the Korean version of Reading the Minds in the eyes test (K-RMET). Methods One hundred ninety-six (101 females) nonclinical youths were recruited. To assess general cognitive ability and ToM skills, participants were asked to complete the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) and the K-RMET. For personality traits, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (psychoticism) and Interpersonal Reactivity Index (perspective taking) were administered. To evaluate the hostile attribution bias, the Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire was also administered. Path analysis and the bias-corrected percentile bootstrap method were performed to estimate the parameters of mediating effects. Results Based on Akaike Information Criterion(AIC) the best model characterized 1) two direct pathways from psychoticism and the K-RMET to hostility attribution bias and 2) four indirect pathways, wherein SPM, perspective taking and psychoticism influence hostile attribution bias through the K-RMET. The K-RMET fully mediated the association between SPM (p=.028), perspective taking (p=.027), psychoticism (p=.041) and hostile attribution bias. Discussion The main findings suggested that ToM skill such as the RMET plays an important role in explaining the relationship between cognitive ability and personality traits and hostile attribution bias. The development of remediation strategy of theory of mind skills may be needed to balance the enhanced hostility bias which is underlying the paranoia.

Analysis on Game Behaviors of Passengers in Emergency Evacuation in Subway Station

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 576-582
Author(s):  
Ling Hong ◽  
Rui Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Game Features ◽  
Special Environment ◽  
The Relationship

This paper proceeds from safety which is fundamental guarantee of rail transit sustainable development with the special environment of stations to analyze effects of passengers’ psychologies and behaviors and information of the emergency in the process of emergency evacuation, and studies the game features passengers and ‘emergency event’ and passengers in between. Firstly, single passageway is studied. Then the concept of relative density is presented, the relationship among evacuation time with passenger flow volume, running velocity of passengers, density, length and width of passageway are found out. Finally suggestions are made on contingency measures against the emergency.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

In Search of the Prosocial Personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wertag ◽  
Denis Bratko
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.

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