scholarly journals Positive Energy Districts: Identifying Challenges and Interdependencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10551
Author(s):  
Savis Gohari Krangsås ◽  
Koen Steemers ◽  
Thaleia Konstantinou ◽  
Silvia Soutullo ◽  
Mingming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Systematic Understanding ◽  
Novel Concept

Positive Energy Districts (PED) are areas within cities that generate more renewable energy than they consume, contributing to cities’ energy system transformation toward carbon neutrality. Since PED is a novel concept, the implementation is very challenging. Within the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action, which offers an open space for collaboration among scientists across Europe (and beyond), this paper asks what the needs for supporting the implementation of PEDs are. To answer this, it draws on Delphi process (expert reviews) as the main method alongside the literature review and also uses surveys as supplementary methods to identify the main challenges for developing PEDs. Initial findings reveal seven interacting topics that later were ranked as highest to the lowest as the following: governance, incentive, social, process, market, technology and context. These are interrelated and interdependent, implying that none can be considered in isolation of the others and cannot be left out in order to ensure the successful development of PEDs. The resources that are needed to address these challenges are a common need for systematic understanding of the processes behind them, as well as cross-disciplinary models and protocols to manage the complexity of developing PEDs. The results can be the basis for devising the conceptual framework on the development of new PED guides and tools.

scholarly journals Characterizing Positive Energy District (PED) through a Preliminary Review of 60 Existing Projects in Europe

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Xingxing Zhang ◽  
Santhan Reddy Penaka ◽  
Samhita Giriraj ◽  
Maria Nuria Sánchez ◽  
Civiero Civiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
District Heating ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Urban Energy

Positive Energy District (PED) is recently proposed to be an integral part of a district/urban energy system with a corresponding positive influence. Thus, the PED concept could become the key solution to energy system transition towards carbon neutrality. This paper intends to report and visualize the initial analytical results of 60 existing PED projects in Europe about their main characteristics, including geographical information, spatial-temporal scale, energy concepts, building archetypes, finance source, keywords, finance model and challenges/barriers. As a result, a dedicated date base is developed and it could be further expanded/interoperated through an interactive dashboard. It is found that Norway and Italy have the most PED projects so far. Many PED projects state a ‘yearly’ time scale while nearly 1/3 projects have less than 0.2 km2 area in terms of spatial scale. The private investment together with regional/national grants is commonly observed. A mixture of residential, commercial and office/social buildings are found. The most common renewable energy systems include solar energy, district heating/cooling, wind and geothermal energy. Challenges and barriers for PED related projects vary from the planning stage to the implementation stage. Furthermore, the text mining approach is applied to examine the keywords or concentrations of PED-related projects at different stages. These preliminary results are expected to give useful guidance for future PED definitions and proposals of ‘reference PED’.

scholarly journals The Deltah Lab, a New Multidisciplinary European Facility to Support the H2 Distribution & Storage Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3272
Author(s):  
Sara Stelitano ◽  
Alberto Rullo ◽  
Luigi Piredda ◽  
Elisabetta Mecozzi ◽  
Luigi Di Vito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Life Tests ◽  
Storage Methods ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
H2 Effect ◽  
Empty Condition ◽  
New Facility

The target for European decarburization encourages the use of renewable energy sources and H2 is considered the link in the global energy system transformation. So, research studies are numerous, but only few facilities can test materials and components for H2 storage. This work offers a brief review of H2 storage methods and presents the preliminary results obtained in a new facility. Slow strain rate and fatigue life tests were performed in H2 at 80 MPa on specimens and a tank of AISI 4145, respectively. Besides, the storage capacity at 30 MPa of a solid-state system, they were evaluated on kg scale by adsorption test. The results have shown the H2 influence on mechanical properties of the steel. The adsorption test showed a gain of 26% at 12 MPa in H2 storage with respect to the empty condition. All samples have been characterized by complementary techniques in order to connect the H2 effect with material properties.

scholarly journals Assessing the energy transition in China towards carbon neutrality with a probabilistic framework

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Wenying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Transition Costs ◽  
Welfare Losses ◽  
Removal Technologies

AbstractA profound transformation of China’s energy system is required to achieve carbon neutrality. Here, we couple Monte Carlo analysis with a bottom-up energy-environment-economy model to generate 3,000 cases with different carbon peak times, technological evolution pathways and cumulative carbon budgets. The results show that if emissions peak in 2025, the carbon neutrality goal calls for a 45–62% electrification rate, 47–78% renewable energy in primary energy supply, 5.2–7.9 TW of solar and wind power, 1.5–2.7 PWh of energy storage usage and 64–1,649 MtCO2 of negative emissions, and synergistically reducing approximately 80% of local air pollutants compared to the present level in 2050. The emission peak time and cumulative carbon budget have significant impacts on the decarbonization pathways, technology choices, and transition costs. Early peaking reduces welfare losses and prevents overreliance on carbon removal technologies. Technology breakthroughs, production and consumption pattern changes, and policy enhancement are urgently required to achieve carbon neutrality.

Smart Grid Implementation of the Industrial Sector

2022 ◽  
pp. 721-735
Author(s):  
Amam Hossain Bagdadee ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
System Security ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Test Results ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Swarm Optimization

In the development of smart grid solutions, the contribution of industrial consumers is prime essential to ensure the energy system transformation. The present article introduces a covenant with the implementation of an economic dispatch (ED) in the electrical framework with the smart grid. The proposed ED strategy is comprised of two steps; the first step includes the swarm optimization technique of energy ED with the net loss of the power system and the second step consists of an ED that considers the cutoff points of system security. The prime goal of the second step is to minimize the net loss and the foundation development of the generator cost function. The test framework is comprised of four generators with one battery storage apparatus that considers the energy demand. The ED will perform for 24 hours. The test results show that the two-step ED technique not only reduces system losses but also the fuel consumption of the system as well. This article gives ideas to the industrial consumers to implement a smart grid in the industrial sector.

scholarly journals The Regional Virtual Power Plant – Experiences of a field test

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06011
Author(s):  
Joachim Seifert ◽  
Paul Seidel ◽  
Jens Werner ◽  
Andrea Meinzenbach
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
German Government ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
The Future ◽  
First Results

Due to the energy system transformation initiated by the German government, the energy supply structures will be much more decentralized in the future. In the following publication the methodology of a Regional Virtual Power Plant will be described and first results from a field test will be presented.

Energy and architectural consequences of Swedish building code

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-142
Author(s):  
Marja Sofie Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
System Boundaries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Implementation ◽  
Energy Aspects ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose building code changes that would benefit both architectural design and the potential of achieving nearly zero energy goals by analyzing the architectural implications of the energy system boundaries within the Swedish code. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is driven by three questions that relate the national implementation of EU directive on nearly zero energy 2020 to the premises set out in the guidelines for revising the Swedish building code aiming at a performance-based regulation. A crucial part of the research is a comparative analysis of the design implications of the code to research findings in scientific articles on near-zero energy or low-energy design. Findings – The energy system boundaries in the Swedish code are steering the architectural design and energy consequences of offices towards using less heat but more electricity. The energy section is also limiting the architectural design choices by ignoring the positive energy aspects of daylight. A proposal of a new comprehensive energy section taking all architectural design related energy aspects into account is presented, in order to support design of nearly zero energy buildings. Practical implications – A building code that relates the energy system boundaries to form will help integrated design choices that are more likely to support the strive towards nearly zero energy buildings. Originality/value – The paper reveals the design implication of the Swedish energy section to be counterproductive regarding energy efficiency as well as limiting architectural design choices.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document