scholarly journals Blockchain-Based Solutions for UAV-Assisted Connected Vehicle Networks in Smart Cities: A Review, Open Issues, and Future Perspectives

Telecom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-140
Author(s):  
Paulo Álvares ◽  
Lion Silva ◽  
Naercio Magaia
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Smart Vehicles ◽  
Security Properties ◽  
Vehicle Networks

It had been predicted that by 2020, nearly 26 billion devices would be connected to the Internet, with a big percentage being vehicles. The Internet of Vehicles (IoVa) is a concept that refers to the connection and cooperation of smart vehicles and devices in a network through the generation, transmission, and processing of data that aims at improving traffic congestion, travel time, and comfort, all the while reducing pollution and accidents. However, this transmission of sensitive data (e.g., location) needs to occur with defined security properties to safeguard vehicles and their drivers since attackers could use this data. Blockchain is a fairly recent technology that guarantees trust between nodes through cryptography mechanisms and consensus protocols in distributed, untrustful environments, like IoV networks. Much research has been done in implementing the former in the latter to impressive results, as Blockchain can cover and offer solutions to many IoV problems. However, these implementations have to deal with the challenge of IoV node’s resource constraints since they do not suffice for the computational and energy requirements of traditional Blockchain systems, which is one of the biggest limitations of Blockchain implementations in IoV. Finally, these two technologies can be used to build the foundations for smart cities, enabling new application models and better results for end-users.

scholarly journals T-Coin: Dynamic Traffic Congestion Pricing System for the Internet of Vehicles in Smart Cities

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Nyothiri Aung ◽  
Weidong Zhang ◽  
Sahraoui Dhelim ◽  
Yibo Ai
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Congestion Pricing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Beijing City ◽  
Virtual Currency ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Pricing System

Alleviating traffic congestion is one of the main challenges for the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in smart cities. Many congestion pricing systems have been proposed recently. However, most of them focus on punishing the vehicles that use certain roads during peak hours, neglecting the proven fact that rewards can encourage drivers to follow the rules. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new congestion pricing system based on reward and punishment policies for the IoV in a smart city environment, where the vehicles are rewarded for voluntarily choosing to take an alternative path to alleviate traffic congestion. The proposed system is implemented using vehicular ad hoc networks, which eliminate the need for installing a costly electronic toll collection system. We propose a new virtual currency called T-Coin (traffic coin), that is used to reward the vehicles for their positive attitude. T-Coin is also used in the tender between vehicles to manage the road reservation process. The proposed system uses dynamic pricing to adapt to peak-hour traffic congestion. Using simulated traffic on a real map of Beijing city, we prove the usefulness of T-Coin as a traffic congestion pricing system.

The optimized energy-efficient sensible edge processing model for the internet of vehicles in smart cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 101477
Author(s):  
Xianhao Shen ◽  
Haitao Yu ◽  
Xiaoyong Liu ◽  
Qiu Bin ◽  
Ashish Kr. Luhach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles

A State-of-the-Art Assessment of US and EU C-ITS Security Solutions

2018 ◽  
pp. 309-337
Author(s):  
Yessenia Berenice Llive ◽  
Norbert Varga ◽  
László Bokor
Keyword(s):  
Secure Communication ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Art Assessment

In the near future with the innovative services and solutions being currently tested and deployed for cars, homes, offices, transport systems, smart cities, etc., the user connectivity will considerably change. It means that smart devices will be connected to the internet and produce a big impact on the internet traffic, increasing the service demand generated by devices and sensors. However most of these devices are vulnerable to attacks. Hence, the security and privacy become a crucial feature to be included in towards its appropriate deployment. Interconnected, cooperative, service-oriented devices and their related hardware/software solutions will contain sensitive data making such systems susceptible to attacks and leakage of information. Therefore, robust secure communication infrastructures must be established to aid suitable deployment. This chapter is a state-of-the-art assessment of US and EU C-ITS security solutions.

scholarly journals Cycling the Smart and Sustainable City: Analyzing EC Policy Documents on Internet of Things, Mobility and Transport, and Smart Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke Behrendt
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Smart Vehicles ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Autonomous Cars ◽  
Funding Opportunities ◽  
The Internet Of Things

This article asks how cycling, a sustainable form of urban mobility, is discussed in the context of smart cities and the Internet of Things in European Commission (EC) policy documents, and how this compares to discussions around cars. Sustainable forms of transport, such as cycling, are a key issue for cities across the globe, including smart cities, while transport is increasingly becoming part of the Internet of Things (IoT). This article contributes to an understanding of how cars and bicycles are discussed in this context. To do so, 39 relevant EC policy documents (2014–2018) were identified and examined through keyword searches and rigorous document analysis. The results show how the vast majority of policy discussions in this area revolve around cars (including autonomous cars and smart vehicles), while cycling is hardly considered, with a strong affinity between IoT and cars. In addition, recent EC policy debates take place more around IoT than around Smart Cities, while sustainability is not considered much in the IoT context. The conclusion highlights the implications of sustainable urban modes of transport such as cycling being absent from IoT/smart debates, including lack of policy visibility and funding opportunities, underlining the significance of this research, and it also makes policy suggestions for addressing these issues and for future research.

scholarly journals Blockchain for the Internet of Vehicles: A Decentralized IoT Solution for Vehicles Communication Using Ethereum

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rateb Jabbar ◽  
Mohamed Kharbeche ◽  
Khalifa Al-Khalifa ◽  
Moez Krichen ◽  
Kamel Barkaoui
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Blockchain Technology

The concept of smart cities has become prominent in modern metropolises due to the emergence of embedded and connected smart devices, systems, and technologies. They have enabled the connection of every “thing” to the Internet. Therefore, in the upcoming era of the Internet of Things, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) will play a crucial role in newly developed smart cities. The IoV has the potential to solve various traffic and road safety problems effectively in order to prevent fatal crashes. However, a particular challenge in the IoV, especially in Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications, is to ensure fast, secure transmission and accurate recording of the data. In order to overcome these challenges, this work is adapting Blockchain technology for real time application (RTA) to solve Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications problems. Therefore, the main novelty of this paper is to develop a Blockchain-based IoT system in order to establish secure communication and create an entirely decentralized cloud computing platform. Moreover, the authors qualitatively tested the performance and resilience of the proposed system against common security attacks. Computational tests showed that the proposed solution solved the main challenges of Vehicle-to-X (V2X) communications such as security, centralization, and lack of privacy. In addition, it guaranteed an easy data exchange between different actors of intelligent transportation systems.

scholarly journals Internet of Vehicles over Vanets: Smart and Secure Communication using IoT

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Jaspreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Hoc Networks

The new age of the Internet of Things (IoT) is motivating the advancement of traditional Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) into the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). This paper is an overview of smart and secure communications to reduce traffic congestion using IoT based VANETs, known as IoV networks. Studies and observations made in this paper suggest that the practice of combining IoT and VANET for a secure combination has rarely practiced. IoV uses real-time data communication between vehicles to everything (V2X) using wireless communication devices based on fog/edge computing; therefore, it has considered as an application of Cyber-physical systems (CPS). Various modes of V2X communication with their connecting technologies also discussed. This paper delivers a detailed introduction to the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) with current applications, discusses the architecture of IoV based on currently existing communication technologies and routing protocols, presenting different issues in detail, provides several open research challenges and the trade-off between security and privacy in the area of IoV has reviewed. From the analysis of previous work in the IoV network, we concluded the utilization of artificial intelligence and machine learning concept is a beneficial step toward the future of IoV model.

scholarly journals Internet of Vehicle Empowered Mobile Media Scenarios: In-Vehicle Infotainment Solutions for the Mobility as a Service (MaaS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7448
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Yu ◽  
Doudou Jin ◽  
Xiaoxiao Song ◽  
Chao Zhai ◽  
Desheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Connected Vehicles ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Media Services ◽  
The Media

Recently, the commercial potentials and practical values of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) have been witnessed for sustainable development of smart cities in the field of intelligent transportation. Driven by the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), vehicles gradually become mobile living spaces to satisfy diverse demands of occupants, where the media functionalities, scenario scopes, and user engagements can be all expended dramatically. In the era of 5G/B5G, the intelligent connected vehicles are considered as super media because of the improved In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI). In this paper, relying on the advanced communication and intelligent techniques, we investigate the IoV-based vehicle-mounted media scenarios and construct IVI solutions for the MaaS. Firstly, we propose the characteristics of vehicle-mounted media scenarios and present the IVI evolution from the aspects of hearing, vision and multi-sensory media services. Secondly, we point out the main features and limitations of IoV-based IVI in 3G/4G. Finally, exploring the potential of super media, both the linkage display and IVI collaborative modes in vehicle-centric media scenarios are introduced as IVI solutions for the MaaS in 5G-V2X and beyond, which intend to further improve the audio-visual experiences of occupants and observers in urban environments.

INTERNET OF VEHICLES: AN INTRODUCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew N. O. Sadiku ◽  
Mahamadou Tembely ◽  
Sarhan M. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
The Internet Of Things

As more and more people drive cars and vehicles, there is a corresponding increase in the number of fatalities that occur due to accidents. As these vehicles are increasingly being connected to the Internet of things (IoT), they form the Internet of vehicles (IoV).  Thus, IoV is the convergence of the mobile Internet and IoT. It is an emerging field for the automotive industry and an important part of the smart cities. This paper provides a brief introduction to Internet of Vehicles (IoV).

scholarly journals Possible implementations of the cloud-based data-centric IoT pilot platforms for smart cities and agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
János Simon
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Home Management ◽  
Exercise Routine ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is starting to appear everywhere in many shapes and forms. But security is one of the most crucial thing that could trip up the growth of the IoT. Following security principles used in enterprise computing can help clear that issue. Already there are more connected devices than people on the planet, according to leading researchers in this area. By 2020, there will be 50 billion connected devices, outnumbering people by more than 6 to 1. Most of these devices will be controllable over the Internet, and they will increasingly be responsible for collecting and transmitting sensitive data. Today consumers might own an app that collects information on their exercise routine. In a few years, those same people might have an Internet-enabled medical device that continually delivers data to their doctor. In the wrong hands, data from home management systems could be used to assess user’s whereabouts. Likewise, businesses could be vulnerable when they connect things like HVAC, irrigation, or commercial appliances.

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