scholarly journals Factors Associated with Systemic Bleeding in Bothrops Envenomation in a Tertiary Hospital in the Brazilian Amazon

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sâmella S. Oliveira ◽  
Eliane C. Alves ◽  
Alessandra S. Santos ◽  
João Pedro T. Pereira ◽  
Lybia Kássia S. Sarraff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Amazonas State ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders ◽  
To Receive ◽  
De Medicina

Bothrops snakebites usually present systemic bleeding, and the clinical–epidemiological and laboratorial factors associated with the development of this manifestation are not well established. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of Bothrops snakebites with systemic bleeding reported at the Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil, and the clinical–epidemiological and laboratorial factors associated with systemic bleeding. This is an observational, cross-sectional study carried out between August, 2013 and July, 2016. Patients who developed systemic bleeding on admission or during hospitalization were considered cases, and those with non-systemic bleeding were included in the control group. Systemic bleeding was observed in 63 (15.3%) of the 442 Bothrops snakebites evaluated. Bothrops snakebites mostly occurred in males (78.2%), in rural areas (89.0%) and in the age group of 11 to 30 years old (40.4%). It took most of the patients (59.8%) less than 3 h to receive medical assistance. Unclottable blood (AOR = 3.11 (95% CI = 1.53 to 6.31; p = 0.002)) and thrombocytopenia (AOR = 4.52 (95% CI = 2.03 to 10.09; p < 0.001)) on admission were independently associated with systemic bleeding during hospitalization. These hemostatic disorders on admission increase the chances of systemic bleeding during hospitalization. Prospective studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiology of systemic bleeding in Bothrops snakebites in the Amazon region.

scholarly journals The Oral Health Situation of 12-Year-Old School Children in the Rural Region of Ilembula in Southwestern Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12237
Author(s):  
Lisa Zumpe ◽  
Tobias Bensel ◽  
Andreas Wienke ◽  
Matilda Mtaya-Mlangwa ◽  
Jeremias Hey
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
The Mean

There has been no research on the prevalence of and factors associated with dental caries in rural southwestern Tanzania among schoolchildren. Determining the prevalence of and factors associated with dental caries will help to assess the need for dental intervention and prophylactic measures among children in the region. In February 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Wanging’ombe District of the Ilembula Ward. The data were collected through clinical examinations and personal interviews at two primary schools. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential risk indicators for caries. The study included 319 students aged 11–12 years (average 11.92 ± 0.27 years). The mean Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index was 0.24 ± 0.68, and the mean Specific affected Caries Index was 1.66 ± 0.9. The greatest influences on the caries risk were poor oral hygiene (OR 8.05, 95% CI 0.49–133.23), low tooth brushing frequency (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.26–7.26) and low level of education in parents (OR 2.63, 95% CI 0.99–6.98). Dental caries was low among students in rural areas in the Wanging’ombe District.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF PREMATURE EJACULATION AND ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION AND THEIR ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION OF MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Rohaizat Hassan ◽  
Mohd Fadhli Samsuri ◽  
Shamsul Azhar Shah ◽  
Nazarudin Safian ◽  
Zulkifli Md Zainuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with of Premature Ejaculation &Erectile Dysfunctionamong Malaysian men. A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural areas using standardized and validated self-administered questionnaires. A total of 319 samples were recruited for PE screening. The overall prevalence of PE was 31.7% with 20.7% and 40.8% for urban and rural area respectively. Depression, anxiety and frequent masturbation were significantly associated with PE. While For ED, infrequent sexual intercourse was the sole factor significantly associated with ED.PE and ED were highly prevalent in both urban and rural areas; with several significant preventable associated factors.

scholarly journals Why women with advanced carcinoma cervix do not seek medical help early: a tertiary hospital based Indian study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Aastha Raheja ◽  
Krishna Agarwal ◽  
Anoosha K. Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Carcinoma Cervix ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advanced Carcinoma

Background: Cervical cancer is a disease which claims maximum number of deaths in developing countries. Objective of this study was to understand the reason for delayed approach to medical help in women with advanced carcinoma cervix.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Information obtained from women with carcinoma cervix clinical stage IIb and above with proven histopathological diagnosis was recorded in the predetermined format.Results: Almost all the subjects were illiterate and were from lower socioeconomic strata and rural areas. None of them knew about the disease and its symptomatology. About 82% of the patients were symptomatic since 5-10 years however took no medical care during the period and 2/3rd of them even did not reveal their problem to any of the family members. About 79% of the subjects had never used any contraception and none had knowledge about its role in preventing infection. Majority of them (98%) had no idea about the role of PAP smear in screening carcinoma cervix. All of them said if they had knowledge about the disease, they would have sought medical help much earlier.Conclusions: The most important reason for delayed approach in our study was found to be lack of knowledge about the disease. Therefore, till such time that we have national screening program in place, these women who are at high risk of developing carcinoma of cervix should be targeted and educated through mass media so that these women could seek medical help in early stages.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Factors and Cost Comparison due to Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMs) of Elderly Outpatients in a State Hospital in Malaysia.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Wei Chern Ang ◽  
Nur Syafiqah Zulkepli ◽  
Nur Safinaz Mukhtar ◽  
Nur Atikah Zulkefli
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Potentially Inappropriate Medications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Cost ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
Inappropriate Medications

Introduction: Malaysia will be a full aging nation by 2030. The elderly (aged >65 years old) population often has multiple comorbidities, which increases the risk of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). This study aims to investigate the prevalence, factors associated with PIMs among elderly outpatients, and its burden of direct pharmacotherapy cost to the Ministry of Health Malaysia. Materials and method:  A cross-sectional study involving clinic prescriptions among the elderly with more than one-month prescribing duration received from a tertiary hospital specialist clinic pharmacy from March to April 2017. Patient identifiers were screened using the Pharmacy Information System (PhIS) by including prescriptions from other clinics while excluding multiple visits and duplicate prescriptions. Patients were categorised as PIM group and non-PIM groups using Beers Criteria 2015. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the factors associated with PIMs. The median monthly prescription cost was compared between PIM and non-PIM groups by Mann-Whitney test. Results: Among 472 patients, 39.4% of patients had at least one PIM while 60.6% of patients did not receive any PIM. The number of medications prescribed was an independent risk factor contributing to PIMs (OR:2.04; 95% CI:1.40, 2.97). The median monthly prescription cost for the PIM group was MYR 29.50 (?USD 7.53) which was not statistically significant (p=0.735) compared with the non-PIM group which was MYR 28.50 (USD 7.28).  Conclusion: PIM was frequently prescribed in our setting with the number of medications as the only factor. However, the prescribing of PIM did not add nor reduce the direct cost of pharmacotherapy.

scholarly journals Risk status of pregnant women in rural areas of Belagavi: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2350
Author(s):  
Katherine J. Bernard ◽  
Sulakshana Baliga
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Status ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Status Assessment

Background: ‘High-risk’ pregnancies account for a significant proportion of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Simple prenatal scoring systems can be used to assess risk status of pregnancy and inform subsequent management. Their use in rural areas and low-resource settings could be of particular benefit. This study employed pregnancy risk status assessment in one such area of rural India. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of low, moderate and high-risk pregnancy among women in a rural area of Belagavi and to identify factors associated with high-risk pregnancy status.Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken among 105 pregnant women of all trimesters presenting to antenatal clinics in the Kinaye area of Belagavi, Karnataka, during July 2018. Information on risk factors and socio-demographic details were collected using a questionnaire, and individual risk scores calculated through a scoring system. This was used to estimate prevalence of low, moderate and high-risk status among participants, and subsequently compared against selected variables to identify factors associated with high risk pregnancy status.Results: Prevalence of high-risk pregnancy among participants was 31.4%, moderate-risk 30.5%, low-risk 29.5% and ‘no risk’ 8.6%. Maternal undernutrition was an important factor associated with high-risk pregnancy.Conclusions: This study highlights the need for early identification and appropriate management of such cases, in order to prevent adverse perinatal outcomes. The prenatal scoring system used in this study offers a simple method for risk status assessment in pregnant women of all trimesters, suited for use in antenatal clinics in rural areas of India.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with a Lack of Willingness to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in Poland: A 2021 Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1000
Author(s):  
Filip Raciborski ◽  
Piotr Samel-Kowalik ◽  
Mariusz Gujski ◽  
Jarosław Pinkas ◽  
Magdalena Arcimowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Right

We aimed to assess the factors associated with a lack of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 among adults in Poland three months after the introduction of mass vaccination against COVID-19 in Poland. This cross-sectional study was carried out between 8 and 18 April 2021 on a representative nationwide sample of 1131 inhabitants of Poland aged 18 and over. Almost one-third of adult inhabitants of Poland (30%; 95%CI: 27.4–32.7%) declared a lack of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. Females had higher odds of refusing COVID-19 vaccination compared with males (OR = 1.68; 95%CI: 1.25–2.27). The lack of higher education was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with greater odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination. Participants living in rural areas compared with those living in the largest cities (over 500,000 inhabitants) had three times higher odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination (OR = 3.20; 95%CI: 1.71–6.01). Respondents who declared willingness to vote for one of the right-wing political parties publicly supporting the anti-vaccination movement in Poland had eight times higher odds (OR = 8.01; 95%CI: 3.65–17.60) of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination compared with other groups. Moreover, those who had three children or more, respondents who declared passivity towards participating in religious practices as well as active internet users had significantly higher odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Working in Remote Indonesia: A National Cross-Sectional Study of Early-Career Doctors

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Likke Prawidya Putri ◽  
Deborah Jane Russell ◽  
Belinda Gabrielle O'Sullivan ◽  
Rebecca Kippen
Keyword(s):  
Workforce Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Doctor shortages in remote areas of Indonesia are amongst challenges to provide equitable healthcare access. Understanding factors associated with doctors' work location is essential to overcome geographic maldistribution. Focused analyses of doctors' early-career years can provide evidence to strengthen home-grown remote workforce development.Method: This is a cross-sectional study of early-career (post-internship years 1–5) Indonesian doctors, involving an online self-administered survey on demographic characteristics, and; locations of upbringing, medical clerkship (placement during medical school), internship, and current work. Multivariate logistic regression was used to test factors associated with current work in remote districts.Results: Of 3,176 doctors actively working as clinicians, 8.9% were practicing in remote districts. Compared with their non-remote counterparts, doctors working in remote districts were more likely to be male (OR 1.5,CI 1.1–2.1) or unmarried (OR 1.9,CI 1.3–3.0), have spent more than half of their childhood in a remote district (OR 19.9,CI 12.3–32.3), have completed a remote clerkship (OR 2.2,CI 1.1–4.4) or internship (OR 2.0,CI 1.3–3.0), currently participate in rural incentive programs (OR 18.6,CI 12.8–26.8) or have previously participated in these (OR 2.0,CI 1.3–3.0), be a government employee (OR 3.2,CI 2.1–4.9), or have worked rurally or remotely post-internship but prior to current position (OR 1.9,CI 1.2–3.0).Conclusion: Our results indicate that building the Indonesian medical workforce in remote regions could be facilitated by investing in strategies to select medical students with a remote background, delivering more remote clerkships during the medical course, deploying more doctors in remote internships and providing financial incentives. Additional considerations include expanding government employment opportunities in rural areas to achieve a more equitable geographic distribution of doctors in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Obesity and associated risk factors in adolescents in rural areas of Buryatia, Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubov V. Rychkova ◽  
Zhanna G. Ajurova ◽  
Anna V. Pogodina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Skilled Worker ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: According to WHO forecasts, childhood obesity can soon become equally dangerous to public health as malnutrition and infectious diseases. Elimination of modifiable risk factors is important for the disease and disease-associated complications prevention. At the same time it is shown that the risk factors can vary widely not only from country to country but also from area to area within one country. Aim: To establish risk factors associated with obesity in adolescents in rural areas of Buryatia, Russia. Materials and methods: The cross-sectional study included 1117 year old adolescents with normal weight (BMI 2575 percentile) and obesity (BMI 95 percentile). We assessed anthropometric measures of adolescents and their parents, sociodemographic characteristics, early-life exposures, eating and lifestyle patterns. Results: The study included 128 adolescents with normal weight and 72 adolescents with obesity. Both groups were comparable by sex, age and ethnicity. Factors, associated with obesity in rural adolescents, were: parents obesity (odds ratio (OR) 3.63 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.926.87); the mothers body mass index (OR 1.17 (95% CI 1.11.25)); duration of breast-feeding less than 4 months (OR 2.42 (95% CI 1.145.13)); disturbed dietary pattern (OR 2.54 (95% CI 1.15.88)). Factors showing protective effect were total breast-feeding duration (OR 0.94 (95% CI 0.890.99)) and mothers employment as a skilled worker (OR 0.51 (95% CI 0.270.96)). Conclusions: Characteristics of family (obesity in parents, mothers BMI), breast-feeding less than 4 months and the disturbed dietary pattern are the risk factors associated with obesity in adolescents living in rural areas of Buryatia which are worth considering when local obesity prevention programs are being developed.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and reproductive profile of women with abortion complications in hospital in Recife

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-495
Author(s):  
Rosielle Costa de Brito ◽  
Ana Laura Carneiro Gomes Ferreira ◽  
Eduarda Carneiro Gomes Ferreira ◽  
Sylvia Marilia Aquino do Bu ◽  
Ariani Impieri de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abortion Complications ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
De Medicina ◽  
Main Complication

To describe the sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics of women with abortion complications in a tertiary hospital in the city of Recife. A cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed 569 medical records and found 122 with abortion complications in 2008 to 2010 at Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira. The frequency of abortion complications was 21.4%. The majority of women were between 20 and 35 years old, had eight or more years of schooling, were from Recife and the Metropolitan area, had no previous history of abortion and half of them were married. Among the complications, there was a high frequency of infection (77.0%), followed by the need for blood transfusion (15.6%). It was concluded that women in this study were young, with good education, living in an urban area. The main complication was infection and this could have contributed to abortion complications in maternal morbidity and mortality rates.

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