scholarly journals Genetic and Chemical Capsid Modifications of Adenovirus Vectors to Modulate Vector–Host Interactions

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1300
Author(s):  
Denice Weklak ◽  
Daniel Pembaur ◽  
Georgia Koukou ◽  
Franziska Jönsson ◽  
Claudia Hagedorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Adenovirus Vectors

Adenovirus-based vectors are playing an important role as efficacious genetic vaccines to fight the current COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, they have an enormous potential as oncolytic vectors for virotherapy and as vectors for classic gene therapy. However, numerous vector–host interactions on a cellular and noncellular level, including specific components of the immune system, must be modulated in order to generate safe and efficacious vectors for virotherapy or classic gene therapy. Importantly, the current widespread use of Ad vectors as vaccines against COVID-19 will induce antivector immunity in many humans. This requires the development of strategies and techniques to enable Ad-based vectors to evade pre-existing immunity. In this review article, we discuss the current status of genetic and chemical capsid modifications as means to modulate the vector–host interactions of Ad-based vectors.

Electron-deficient boron-based catalysts for C–H bond functionalisation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhong Ma ◽  
Shao-Jie Lou ◽  
Zhaomin Hou
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

This review article provides a comprehensive overview to recognise the current status of electron-deficient boron-based catalysis in C–H functionalisations.

Recent Developments in the Downstream Processing of Phycobiliproteins from Algae: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayekpam Chandralekha Devi ◽  
G. K. Hamsavi ◽  
Simran Sahota ◽  
Rochak Mittal ◽  
Hrishikesh A. Tavanandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Macro Algae

Abstract: Algae (both micro and macro) have gained huge attention in the recent past for their high commercial value products. They are the source of various biomolecules of commercial applications ranging from nutraceuticals to fuels. Phycobiliproteins are one such high value low volume compounds which are mainly obtained from micro and macro algae. In order to tap the bioresource, a significant amount of work has been carried out for large scale production of algal biomass. However, work on downstream processing aspects of phycobiliproteins (PBPs) from algae is scarce, especially in case of macroalgae. There are several difficulties in cell wall disruption of both micro and macro algae because of their cell wall structure and compositions. At the same time, there are several challenges in the purification of phycobiliproteins. The current review article focuses on the recent developments in downstream processing of phycobiliproteins (mainly phycocyanins and phycoerythrins) from micro and macroalgae. The current status, the recent advancements and potential technologies (that are under development) are summarised in this review article besides providing future directions for the present research area.

Gene therapy with recombinant adenovirus vectors: evaluation of the host immune response

1997 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marielle Christ ◽  
Monika Lusky ◽  
Fabienne Stoeckel ◽  
Dominique Dreyer ◽  
Annick Dieterlé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Recombinant Adenovirus ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Adenovirus Vectors

scholarly journals Salmonella–Host Interactions – Modulation of the Host Innate Immune System

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hurley ◽  
Matthew P. McCusker ◽  
Séamus Fanning ◽  
Marta Martins
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Host Interactions

scholarly journals Immunomodulating Effects of Fungal Beta-Glucans: From Traditional Use to Medicine

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Hidde P. van Steenwijk ◽  
Aalt Bast ◽  
Alie de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Beta Glucans ◽  
And Function

The importance of a well-functioning and balanced immune system has become more apparent in recent decades. Various elements have however not yet been uncovered as shown, for example, in the uncertainty on immune system responses to COVID-19. Fungal beta-glucans are bioactive molecules with immunomodulating properties. Insights into the effects and function of beta-glucans, which have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, advances with the help of modern immunological and biotechnological methods. However, it is still unclear into which area beta-glucans fit best: supplements or medicine? This review has highlighted the potential application of fungal beta-glucans in nutrition and medicine, reviewing their formulation, efficacy, safety profile, and immunomodulating effects. The current status of dietary fungal glucans with respect to the European scientific requirements for health claims related to the immune system and defense against pathogens has been reviewed. Comparing the evidence base of the putative health effects of fungal beta-glucan supplements with the published guidance documents by EFSA on substantiating immune stimulation and pathogen defense by food products shows that fungal beta-glucans could play a role in supporting and maintaining health and, thus, can be seen as a good health-promoting substance from food, which could mean that this effect may also be claimed if approved. In addition to these developments related to food uses of beta-glucan-containing supplements, beta-glucans could also hold a novel position in Western medicine as the concept of trained immunity is relatively new and has not been investigated to a large extent. These innovative concepts, together with the emerging success of modern immunological and biotechnological methods, suggest that fungal glucans may play a promising role in both perspectives, and that there are possibilities for traditional medicine to provide an immunological application in both medicine and nutrition.

scholarly journals Current Status of Cardiovascular Gene Therapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1233-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomas T Rissanen ◽  
Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Current Status

scholarly journals Current status of therapeutic approaches and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braira Wahid ◽  
Anam Amir ◽  
Ayesha Ameen ◽  
Muhammad Idrees
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Efficacious Treatment ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Global Health Challenge

SARS-CoV-2, declared a pandemic in March 2020, is the current global health challenge. The global bioburden of this virus is increasing at a rapid pace. Many antiviral drugs and vaccines have been registered for clinical trials because of their inhibitory activity observed in vitro. Currently, five types of vaccines have successfully passed Phase IV clinical trial and are being administered in populations worldwide. A plethora of experimental designs have been proposed worldwide in order to find a safe and efficacious treatment option. Therefore, it is necessary to provide baseline data and information to clinicians and researchers so that they can review the current status of therapeutics and efficacy of already developed vaccines. This review article summarizes all therapeutic options that may help to combat SARS-CoV-2.

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