scholarly journals Maternal HPV Infection: Effects on Pregnancy Outcome

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2455
Author(s):  
Carmen Elena Condrat ◽  
Lidia Filip ◽  
Mirela Gherghe ◽  
Dragos Cretoiu ◽  
Nicolae Suciu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

The human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, caused by a ubiquitous virus typically transmitted through the direct contact of infected organs, either through the skin or mucosa, is the most common sexually transmitted infection, placing young women at a high risk of contracting it. Although the vast majority of cases spontaneously clear within 1–2 years, persistent HPV infection remains a serious concern, as it has repeatedly been linked to the development of multiple malignancies, including cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers. Additionally, more recent data suggest a harmful effect of HPV infection on pregnancy. As the maternal hormonal environment and immune system undergo significant changes during pregnancy, the persistence of HPV is arguably favored. Various studies have reported an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among HPV-positive women, with the clinical impact encompassing a range of conditions, including preterm birth, miscarriage, pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders (PIHD), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight, the premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and fetal death. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms employed by HPV that negatively impact pregnancy and assessing potential approaches to counteract them would be of interest in the quest to optimize pregnancy outcomes and improve child survival and health.

Pregnancy outcomes of women with and without a history of anorexia nervosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2651-2660 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Eagles ◽  
A. J. Lee ◽  
E. Amalraj Raja ◽  
H. R. Millar ◽  
S. Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
North East ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obstetric Services ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

BackgroundWhen women have a history of anorexia nervosa (AN), the advice given about becoming pregnant, and about the management of pregnancies, has usually been cautious. This study compared the pregnancy outcomes of women with and without a history of AN.MethodWomen with a confirmed diagnosis of AN who had presented to psychiatric services in North East Scotland from 1965 to 2007 were identified. Those women with a pregnancy recorded in the Aberdeen Maternal and Neonatal Databank (AMND) were each matched by age, parity and year of delivery of their first baby with five women with no history of AN. Maternal and foetal outcomes were compared between these two groups of women. Comparisons were also made between the mothers with a history of AN and all other women in the AMND.ResultsA total of 134 women with a history of AN delivered 230 babies and the 670 matched women delivered 1144 babies. Mothers with AN delivered lighter babies but this difference did not persist after adjusting for maternal body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy. Standardized birthweight (SBW) scores suggested that the AN mothers were more likely to produce babies with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) [relative risk (RR) 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–2.13]. AN mothers were more likely to experience antepartum haemorrhage (RR 1.70, 95% CI 1.09–2.65).ConclusionsMothers with a history of AN are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The magnitude of these risks is relatively small and should be appraised holistically by psychiatric and obstetric services.

scholarly journals Mouthwash-Based Highly Sensitive Pyro-Genotyping for Nine Sexually Transmitted Human Papilloma Virus Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3697
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Watanabe ◽  
Yukiko Seto ◽  
Ritsuko Oikawa ◽  
Takara Nakazawa ◽  
Hanae Furuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Oral Hpv

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection worldwide, which spreads via contact with infected genital, anal, and oral/pharyngeal areas (oral sex) owing to diverse manners of sexual intercourse. In this study, we devised an oral HPV detection method using mouthwash waste fluids that causes less psychological resistance to visiting the outpatient otolaryngology departments. We successfully detected only the specific unique reverse sequencing probe (using pyro-genotyping) and identified the nine genotypes of HPV targeted for vaccination by pyrosequencing the mouthwash waste fluids of non-head and neck cancer patient volunteers (n = 52). A relatively large number (11/52) of mouthwash waste fluids tested positive for HPV (21.2%; genotype 6, n = 1; 11, n = 1; 16, n = 1; and 18, n = 8). These results surpassed the sensitivity observed testing the same specimens using the conventional method (1/52, 1.9%). Our method (pyro-genotyping) was developed using nine HPV genotypes targeted for vaccination and the results were highly sensitive compared to those of the conventional method. This less expensive, high-throughput, and simple method can be used for detecting oral HPV infection with fewer socio-psychological barriers.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Health Beliefs of Nursing Students Toward Human Papilloma Virus and Vaccine Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Fatjona Kamberi ◽  
Eva Muhaj
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Objective: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted among young people of both sexes. It is also the main cause of cervical cancer. This study aimed at assessing students’ knowledge and health beliefs about HPV infection and the use of the vaccine.Methods: The sample of the cross-sectional study was 120 randomly selected nursing students from the Faculty of Public Health, University of Vlore “Ismail Qemali” Albania. Anonymous, self-administered questionnaire based on the literature and Health Belief Model, was used for data collection in May 2017. The questionnaire included assessment questions for students’ knowledge and health beliefs about HPV and vaccine use. Also, questions about socio-demographic characteristics were included. Data analysis included the calculation of averages, frequencies, and confidence intervals. P values ≤0.05 were accepted as statistically significant.Result: Mean age 20.3±2.2 years, 92.44 % of students were female. 65.83% of students know that HPV is a sexually transmitted infection and a vaccine is available to prevent it. Ambiguities and uncertainties exist in regard to screening with Pap test after vaccination. Perceived benefits are high for 50.83% of students. Perceived severity appeared low as only 25% of students agree that they may be affected by HPV. Statistical association, p =0.0347 was found between perceived risk and the year of study. The parents’ role in vaccination against HPV have a strong statistical association, p=0.0058 with the year of study as only 8.33 % of students in the third year agree with the fact that that parents do not allow them to be vaccinated against HPV. Conclusion: The study noted the student’s ambiguity and misconceptions about HPV infection. Low severity and lack of knowledge about the vaccine emphasizes that identifying their current level of knowledge and the main source of information are essential to provide comprehensive and appropriate health education.

Human papilloma virus: from understanding of immunopathogenesis to rational tactics of management

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Tikhomirov ◽  
S I Sarsaniya ◽  
G A Filatova
Keyword(s):  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Active Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Epithelial Lesions

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. 440 million people in the world suffer from HPV infection of the genital. During the life of HPV, 50 to 80% of the sexually active population is infected, most often in the first years of sexual activity (the maximum prevalence is between 18-30 years of age). The treatment of subclinical forms of HPV epithelial lesions in 115 patients aged 26 to 42 years with a normal colposcopic pattern and the presence of coilocytosis was performed.

scholarly journals Genotyping of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) in female condyloma acuminata patient in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afria Arista ◽  
Dwi Murtiastutik ◽  
Trisniartami Setyaningrum ◽  
Gondo Mastutik
Keyword(s):  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Condyloma Acuminata ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) cause the most common sexually transmitted infection in women. HPV may lead to clinical manifestation as condyloma acuminata. The type of HPV are divided into two categories: low risk and high risk. Objective: To determine the type of HPV in female condyloma acuminata patient. Material and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Dermatology Venereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya from February, 2007 to May, 2007. A total of 13 female patients with condyloma acuminata were includ in this study. Nucleic acids amplification assays (Polymerase Chain Reaction) used to detect the HPV infection. Results: Condyloma acuminata mostly caused by HPV-11 (30,76%) and HPV-6 (23,07%). Only 1 patient in this study caused by HPV 18. 38% of condyloma acuminata in this study caused by multiple infection of HPV. Conclusion: Molecular assay are gold standard to identification of HPV in the condyloma acuminata patient.

scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
Kendal Rosalik ◽  
Christopher Tarney ◽  
Jasmine Han
Keyword(s):  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Vaccine Distribution ◽  
Global Population

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide causing a variety of benign and malignant conditions. A significant portion of the global population is infected with HPV, with the virus attributed to causing up to 5% of cancers worldwide. Bivalent, quadrivalent, and nine-valent vaccinations exist to aid in the prevention of these diseases and have been proven to be effective at preventing both benign and malignant disease. While vaccination is readily accessible in more developed countries, barriers exist to worldwide distribution and acceptance of vaccination. Vaccination and screening of HPV infection when used in combination are proven and predicted to decrease HPV related pathology. Improvements in vaccination formulations, for treatment as well as prevention, are actively being sought from a variety of mechanisms. Despite these advancements, and the data supporting their efficacy, there has been substantial delay in obtaining adequate vaccination coverage. In reviewing these challenges and looking forward to new vaccine development—especially within the current pandemic—it is clear from the challenges of HPV we require methods to more effectively encourage vaccination, ways to dispel vaccination myths as they occur, and implement better processes for vaccine distribution globally.

Abstract 18819: Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Their Prediction of Future Heart Disease

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul-Ann Green ◽  
Dmitry Fridman ◽  
Heather Smith ◽  
Mary Rosser
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Index Pregnancy ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Objective: Pregnancy provides an opportunity for a natural stress test, with the physiological demands of pregnancy acting as a maternal stress test that can predict a woman’s health later in life. The 2011 Update of the American Heart Association’s Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women identifies many complications of pregnancy as relevant in the determination of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This is important because CVD is the leading cause of death in women worldwide. The purpose of this research was to determine if, in our diverse inner city population, pregnancies complicated by hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction, or abruption were associated with future development of CVD. Methods: We identified women who delivered at a large, urban hospital in Bronx, NY from 1997-2001 who were treated for gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, intrauterine growth restriction, and placental abruption (n=183). A hospital database was used to identify our cohort and electronic medical records were reviewed to determine if these patients developed CVD over 10 years since the index pregnancy. The end points were subsequent Hypertension, Myocardial Infarction, Cerebrovascular disease, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Thromboembolic events. The cohort was compared to controls delivered at the same institution. Results: The relative risk (RR) of subsequent type 2 diabetes mellitus was 1.93 [CI 1.00-3.75], if the exposed population was older than 35 at the time of the index pregnancy. The RR of subsequent hypertension was 2.21 [CI 1.3-3.77] in African Americans at any age of index pregnancy, regardless of exposure. When comparing all exposed population to our controls; there is an increased risk in our population of CVD with a RR of 1.58 (CI 1.12-.2.23), and a p value of 0.01. Conclusions: In our large, diverse, urban population, age or the presence of preeclampsia were associated with an increased risk for adverse CVD. These women may be appropriate for early CVD risk screening and intervention at younger ages than previously identified. Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes should be targeted for risk factor modification and prevention programs.

scholarly journals Coeliac disease and pregnancy outcomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Butler ◽  
L C Kenny ◽  
F P McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Coeliac disease is a gluten-sensitive enteropathy affecting up to 1% of the population. An accumulating body of evidence supports the association of coeliac disease with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including increased risk of miscarriage and intrauterine growth restriction. Reports differ regarding the extent and severity of these associations, in addition to the exact pathophysiology underlying these associations. Overall, coeliac disease is believed to be a significant condition in pregnancy and reproductive medicine with some advocating the screening of coeliac disease in all pregnant women or some specific high-risk groups.

The Need for Personalized Risk-Stratified Approaches to Treatment for Gestational Diabetes: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamil D. Cooray ◽  
Jacqueline A. Boyle ◽  
Georgia Soldatos ◽  
Shakila Thangaratinam ◽  
Helena J. Teede
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Clinical Prediction Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Personalized Risk

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is common and is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the prevailing one-size-fits-all approach that treats all women with GDM as having equivalent risk needs revision, given the clinical heterogeneity of GDM, the limitations of a population-based approach to risk, and the need to move beyond a glucocentric focus to address other intersecting risk factors. To address these challenges, we propose using a clinical prediction model for adverse pregnancy outcomes to guide risk-stratified approaches to treatment tailored to the individual needs of women with GDM. This will allow preventative and therapeutic interventions to be delivered to those who will maximally benefit, sparing expense, and harm for those at a lower risk.

Maternal educational inequalities about adverse pregnancy outcomes observed in a rural area of a province of China during a time period (2010–2018)

2022 ◽  
pp. jech-2021-217754
Author(s):  
Lixin Li ◽  
Yanpeng Wu ◽  
Yao Yang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Yan Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Educational Inequalities ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

BackgroundThe relationship between maternal education and adverse pregnancy outcomes is well documented. However, limited research has investigated maternal educational disparities in adverse pregnancy outcomes in China. This study examined maternal educational inequalities associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in rural China.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study using participants enrolled in the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project in Yunnan province from 2010 to 2018. The primary outcome was stillbirth, and the secondary outcome was adverse pregnancy outcomes, defined as a composite event of stillbirth, preterm birth or low birth weight. The study was restricted to singleton births at 20–42 weeks’ gestation. Univariate and multivariate log-binomial regression models were performed to estimate crude risk ratios (RRs) and confounding-adjusted RRs (ARRs) for stillbirth and adverse pregnancy outcomes according to maternal education level.ResultsA total of 197 722 singleton births were included in the study. Compared with mid-educated women, low-educated women were at a significantly increased risk of stillbirth (ARR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.38) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (ARR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.16). However, the risk of stillbirth (ARR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.35) was significantly higher for high-educated women compared with mid-educated women.ConclusionCompared with women with medium education level, women with lower education level were more likely to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, including stillbirth, and women with higher education level were more likely to experience stillbirth.

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