scholarly journals Selection of Vaccine Candidate for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O Using a Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Yimei Cao ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Xiangchuan Xing ◽  
Huifang Bao ◽  
Nana Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Strain Selection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Selection Of

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease and one of the most economically important diseases of livestock. Vaccination is an important measure to control FMD and selection of appropriate vaccine strains is crucial. The objective of this study was to select a vaccine candidate and to evaluate the potential of a blocking ELISA for detecting neutralizing antibodies (NA-ELISA) in vaccine strain selection. Binary ethylenimine inactivated vaccines, prepared from four representative circulating strains (FMDV O/Mya/98, SCGH/CHA/2016, O/Tibet/99, and O/XJ/CHA/2017) belonging to four lineages within three different topotypes of FMD virus (FMDV) serotype O in China, were used to vaccinate cattle (12–13 animals for each strain), sheep (12–13 animals for each strain), and pigs (10 animals for each strain). The results of immunogenicity comparison showed that O/XJ/CHA/2017 exhibited the highest immunogenicity among the four strains in pigs, cattle, and sheep both by NA-ELISA and virus neutralizing test (VNT). Cross-neutralization analysis indicated that O/XJ/CHA/2017 displayed broad antigen spectrum and was antigenically matched with other three representative strains both by NA-ELISA and VNT. In addition, A significant correlation (p < 0.0001) was observed between the NA-ELISA titers and the VNT titers for four representative strains. The results showed that O/XJ/CHA/2017 was a promising vaccine strain candidate and NA-ELISA was comparable to VNT in neutralizing antibodies detection and could be used as the reference test system for vaccine strain selection.

scholarly journals Implication of Broadly Neutralizing Bovine Monoclonal Antibodies in the Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detecting Neutralizing Antibodies against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimei Cao ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Yuanfang Fu ◽  
Pu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Fmdv Serotype ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

ABSTRACT Vaccination with inactivated vaccines is still the main measure to control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in areas where the disease is endemic, and the level of neutralizing antibody in vaccinated animals is directly related to their protection against virus challenge. Currently, neutralizing antibody is mainly detected using the virus neutralization test (VNT) based on cell culture, which is laborious and time-consuming and requires restrictive biocontainment facilities. In this study, two broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), E46 and F128, were successfully produced using techniques for the isolation of single B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from bovines sequentially immunized with three topotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O. Based on these bnAbs, a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting neutralizing antibodies (NA-ELISA) against FMDV serotype O was developed. The specificity and sensitivity of the test were estimated to be 99.21% and 100%, respectively. A significant correlation (P < 0.01) was observed between the NA-ELISA titers and the VNT titers for all sera from vaccinated animals and for all tested strains, suggesting that the NA-ELISA could detect neutralizing antibodies against FMDV serotype O strains of wide antigenic and molecular diversity and could be used for the evaluation of protective immunity.

scholarly journals Selection of vaccine strains for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses (2007–2012) circulating in Southeast Asia, East Asia and Far East

Vaccine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (51) ◽  
pp. 7147-7153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mana Mahapatra ◽  
Sasmita Upadhyaya ◽  
Sharie Aviso ◽  
Aravindh Babu ◽  
Geoff Hutchings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Far East ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Selection Of

Emergence of antigenic variants of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus serotype O in Ecuador and preliminary evaluation of a field strain as a vaccine candidate

Vaccine ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (21) ◽  
pp. 2446-2451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Maradei ◽  
Viviana Malirat ◽  
Claudia Perez Beascoechea ◽  
Ana María Espinoza ◽  
Sabrina Galdo Novo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Field Strain ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Egypt during 2013-2014: Molecular characterization of serotypes A, O, and SAT2

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Diab ◽  
Abdel-Hamid I. Bazid ◽  
Mohamed Fawzy ◽  
Wagdy R. El-Ashmawy ◽  
Adel A. Fayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Fmdv Serotypes ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Background and Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes A, O and South African Territories (SAT2) are endemic in Egypt; each is presented by a number of partially related topotypes and lineages, depending on their geographical origin. Continuous mutations and the emergence of new topotypes that lead to occasional vaccination failures were frequently recorded, so this study aimed to genetically characterize the circulating FMD virus strains in Egypt during 2013 and 2014 outbreaks, focusing on amino acids variations in VP1 region. Materials and Methods: A total of 51 oral tissue samples were collected from cattle and buffaloes in 13 farms, and 38 individual cases showed clinical signs suspected to be FMD in six Egyptian Governorates (Cairo, Giza, Qaliubia, Fayoum, Sharquia, and Assiut). FMDV in collected samples was characterized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of full VP1 region, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Out of 51 samples, 44 (86.27%) were positive by RT-PCR using universal primers. Serotype O was predominant and detected in 31 samples (70.45%), serotype A was detected in 9 samples (20.45%), and then serotype SAT2 was identified in 4 samples (9.10%). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 demonstrated clustering of serotype O, A, and SAT2 in EA-3 topotype, ASIA topotype, and topotype VII, respectively. Serotype O is closely related to O/SUD/8/2008 with 94.6% identity but showed 14.6% differences from vaccine strain (O/PanAsia-2) of ME-SA topotype. Furthermore, Serotype A and SAT2 were closely related to recent circulating Egyptian isolates and vaccine strains type A/EGY/1/2012 (Asia topotype, lineage Iran-05) with identity 96.4% and vaccine strain of SAT2/EGY/A/2012 (topotype VII, lineage SAT2/VII/ALX-12) with identity 95.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study recommended further studies of serotype O to determine the immunogenic relationship between the vaccine strain and the new strains to attain maximum protection against circulating viruses.

scholarly journals Structures of Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus with neutralizing antibodies derived from recovered natural host reveal a mechanism for cross-serotype neutralization

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. e1009507
Author(s):  
Yong He ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Yimei Cao ◽  
Zixian Sun ◽  
Pinghua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Universal Vaccine ◽  
Isolation Technique ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Natural Hosts

The development of a universal vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is hindered by cross-serotype antigenic diversity and by a lack of knowledge regarding neutralization of the virus in natural hosts. In this study, we isolated serotype O-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) (F145 and B77) from recovered natural bovine hosts by using the single B cell antibody isolation technique. We also identified a serotype O/A cross-reacting NAb (R50) and determined virus-NAb complex structures by cryo-electron microscopy at near-atomic resolution. F145 and B77 were shown to engage the capsid of FMDV-O near the icosahedral threefold axis, binding to the BC/HI-loop of VP2. In contrast, R50 engages the capsids of both FMDV-O and FMDV-A between the 2- and 5-fold axes and binds to the BC/EF/GH-loop of VP1 and to the GH-loop of VP3 from two adjacent protomers, revealing a previously unknown antigenic site. The cross-serotype neutralizing epitope recognized by R50 is highly conserved among serotype O/A. These findings help to elucidate FMDV neutralization by natural hosts and provide epitope information for the development of a universal vaccine for cross-serotype protection against FMDV.

Two Cross-Protective Antigen Sites on Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O Structurally Revealed by Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies from Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Li ◽  
Yong He ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Pinghua Li ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Antigen ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Antigenic Structure ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth

FMDV is the causative agent of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which is one of the most contagious and economically devastating diseases of domestic animals. The antigenic structure of FMDV serotype O is rather complicated, especially for those sites that can elicit a cross-protective neutralizing antibody response.

scholarly journals Application of Heparin Affinity Chromatography to Produce a Differential Vaccine without Eliciting Antibodies against the Nonstructural Proteins of the Serotype O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1405
Author(s):  
Sun Young Park ◽  
Jung-Min Lee ◽  
Ah-Young Kim ◽  
Sang Hyun Park ◽  
Jae-Seok Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Vaccine Antigen ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Intact Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Heparin Affinity

Although polyethylene glycol (PEG) application is the most widely used method in removing nonstructural proteins (NSPs) for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine production, some NSPs remaining in the antigen could elicit antibodies against these proteins after repeated vaccinations in livestock. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to purify the FMD virus (FMDV) via affinity chromatography using a heparin ligand to remove most proteins, including NSPs. Chromatography showed an intact virus (146S) particle recovery of 70% or more for three different strains of serotype O FMDV (two locally isolated strains and one genetically modified strain). The experimental vaccine made with antigens eluted via heparin affinity chromatography elicited virus-neutralizing antibodies against homologous viruses but did not induce antibodies against NSPs even after five immunizations in goats; this indicated that the NSPs were effectively removed from the vaccine antigen. This method can then be used to produce a higher-quality vaccine compared with PEG application in terms of the purity of the FMD vaccine. Therefore, this result would be an important groundwork for advanced FMD vaccine manufacturing in the near future.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of a Vaccine Strain of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype O from Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zubair Shabbir ◽  
Muhammad Munir
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence Analysis ◽  
Induced Immunity

Sequencing and subsequent analysis of a vaccine strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O is reported here. Genomic heterogeneity in the protective epitopes (VP1 protein) of the reported strain, compared to characterized strains and available sequences from Pakistan, warrants further studies to determine vaccine-induced immunity and disease protection.

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