scholarly journals Comparative Morphological Effects of Cold-Blade, Electrosurgical, and Plasma Scalpels on Dog Skin

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Luca Lacitignola ◽  
Salvatore Desantis ◽  
Giovanni Izzo ◽  
Francesco Staffieri ◽  
Roberta Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Healthy Skin ◽  
Thermal Lesion ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Plasma Scalpel ◽  
Scalpel Blade ◽  
Tissue Injuries ◽  
Histological Results

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histological results of the Onemytis® plasma surgery device with Airplasma® technology. We compared the efficacy and the effect on tissues of the new plasma electrocoagulation system with electrosurgery and a scalpel blade. Samples of healthy skin tissue from four dogs that underwent mastectomy were evaluated. Three different incision modes were used, i.e., a cold blade, electrosurgery, and the Onemytis® plasma scalpel were evaluated histologically to assess invasiveness and tissue injuries at different distances from the cutting surface. The histological examinations showed moderate necrosis caused by Onemytis®, compared to the use of the more invasive electrosurgery, which induces thermal damage that extends beyond 1000 µm. Our study shows that the use of the plasma scalpel reduces the extension of the thermal lesion on the skin compared to an electrosurgical scalpel.

scholarly journals Enhanced Seed Germination of Ilex dumosa R. (Aquifoliaceae) through In Vitro Culture of Cut Pyrenes

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia R. Dolce ◽  
Luis A. Mroginski ◽  
Hebe Y. Rey
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Rescue Technique ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Scalpel Blade ◽  
Culture Protocol

An in vitro culture protocol was developed that increased the germination percentage and decreased the lag time to germination for Ilex dumosa R. pyrenes as a tool for replacing the laborious task of embryo rescue technique. This method involves transversely cutting surface-sterilized pyrenes with a scalpel blade, then placing the micropylar one-third end with the rudimentary embryo (≈0.25 mm long) on solidified (agar 0.65%) quarter-strength salts and vitamins of Murashige and Skoog, 1962 medium with 3% sucrose, and incubating in a growth room at 27 ± 2 °C with a 14-h photoperiod (116 μmol·m−2·s−1). Most of the cut pyrenes (greater than 50%) germinated within the first month after inoculation and achieved maximum germination (≈70%) in 2 months compared with whole pyrenes, which began to germinate 3 months after sowing and required more than 8 months for maximum germination (37%). Moreover, the germination percentage of cut pyrenes was significantly higher than the germination of isolated embryos (34%). Thus, the cut pyrenes culture is a simpler and more effective technique than embryo rescue. Easily, on average, a trained operator is able to culture ≈1000 cut pyrenes per day instead of ≈100 isolated embryos.

A Theoretical Comparison of the Efficacy of Microwave and Ultrasound Applicators Used in Transurethral Thermal Therapy

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekhar Thamire ◽  
Rao L. Divi ◽  
Mukesh Verma
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Thermal Lesion ◽  
Thermal Coagulation ◽  
External Cooling ◽  
Alternating Direction ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Prostate Tumor Cells

Microwave and ultrasound energy sources are commonly used in minimally invasive thermal therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Successful management of the therapy using either of these methods requires an accurate estimation of the thermal dosage. The purpose of this study is to evaluate, theoretically, the thermal damage caused by typical transurethral microwave and ultrasound applicators for different thermal doses and compare the efficacy of the two methods. Using an Alternating-direction implicit method, the Pennes bio-heat transfer equation is solved for different levels of power and heating times. Internal and external cooling is applied to preserve the urethral and rectal lining and to control the temperatures within the tissue. The extent of thermal coagulation is determined from the resulting temperature histories, using the existing experimental thermal damage data for prostate tumor cells. The temperatures and damage contours calculated are validated using an Arrhenius analysis of the temperature and thermal-lesion data from the available experimental results. Results show that the calculated damage zones are in good agreement with those observed in the experiments. Results from calculations for different combinations of the parameters are presented in terms of the transient temperature histories and radial and axial extent of the lesion shapes. These results suggest that both methods can yield comparable thermal damage, though ultrasound appears to possess an improved control of directional heating.

Investigation on thermal damage model of skin tissue in vitro by infrared laser welding

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 105807
Author(s):  
Cong Li ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Kehong Wang ◽  
Qimeng Liu ◽  
Zibo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Skin Tissue

QUANTIFICATION AND THE UNDERLYING MECHANISM OF SKIN THERMAL DAMAGE: A REVIEW

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 373-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. XU ◽  
P. F. WANG ◽  
M. LIN ◽  
T. J. LU ◽  
E. Y. K. NG
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Thermal Therapies ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Surrounding Healthy Tissue ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Military Communities

Skin thermal damage is the most common thermal trauma in civilian and military communities. Besides, advances in laser, microwave, and similar technologies have led to recent developments of thermal treatments for diseases involving skin tissue aiming at inducing damage precisely within targeted tissue structures without affecting the surrounding healthy tissue. Pain sensation accompanying thermal damage is also a serious problem for burn patients. Therefore, it is of great importance to quantify the thermal damage in skin tissue. In this review, we detail the progress of the state-of-the-art mathematical models and experimental methods for the quantification of thermal damage (both heat damage and cold damage) and the general development of thermal treatments in tissue engineering. This could enable better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of skin thermal damage and the optimization of clinical thermal therapies.

scholarly journals Surface microgeometry treated with a precast textured grinding wheel

2020 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 03019
Author(s):  
Vladimir Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Time Process ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Surface Microgeometry ◽  
Textured Grinding Wheel

The article considers the formation of the geometry of internal cylindrical surfaces when grinding with a precast textured wheel, which is under the influence of the unbalances main vector and a variable cutting force caused by the discreteness of the cutting surface (texture). Under the influence of these factors, each point of the axis of the textured tool makes vibrations in the transverse plane in the form of a wavelike sinusoid consisting of two sinusoids. The Space-time process of forming the processed surface is mathematically described. It is in applying wavelike sinusoids to the workpiece, taking into account their phase shift at each revolution of the workpiece. To ensure minimal geometric errors at the maximum possible productivity of the grinding process, phase shifts φf = (0.07–0.12)π and φf = (0.88–0.93)π are recommended. The results of the study are recommended for use in the production of high-precision details, primarily from materials that are prone to thermal damage to the surface layer under the influence of high temperature in the grinding zone.

EFFECT OF THERMAL DAMAGE ON COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR OF SKIN TISSUE

2009 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 81-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. XU ◽  
T. J. LU ◽  
K. A. SEFFEN
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Thermomechanical Behavior ◽  
Bioheat Transfer ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Compressive Behavior ◽  
Damage Degree

Biothermomechanics of skin tissue is highly interdisciplinary, involving bioheat transfer, burn damage, biomechanics and physiology. Characterization of the thermomechanical behavior of skin tissue is of great importance and can contribute to a variety of medical applications. However, few studies have attempted to address the influence of heat induced thermal damage on the mechanical properties of skin tissue. This paper presents the compressive behavior of pigskin at different thermal damage levels and discusses the possible mechanisms of thermal damage–dependent compressive behavior of skin. The results demonstrate that skin stiffness decreases with increasing thermal damage degree and there exists strain rate sensitivity at different damage levels, caused mainly by hydration changes.

scholarly journals Temperature simulation of blank ground with face solid and segment disks in CAE-Solid Works complex

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Алексей Морозов ◽  
Aleksey Morozov ◽  
Владимир Гусев ◽  
Vladimir Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
State Model ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Solid Works ◽  
Face Grinding

Flat face grinding is characterized with large areas of a cutting surface contact with a blank under machining which re-sults in intensive heat generations in a cutting area which is able to cause a thermal damage of the surface layer. Thereupon there is developed a designed heat model of a blank, the initial conditions are defined, and there is created a solid-state model of an abrasive segment with a trapezoidal face cutting surface and a temperature simulation of the blank ground with a solid and discrete face tool is carried out in a modern CAE- Solid Works complex. The result of modeling have shown that the application of the discrete face grinding tool equipped with abrasive segments allows decreasing a temperature of the surface machined by 26-30% as compared to a face grinding tool with a solid cutting surface, which decreases considerably the likelihood of defects appearance in a ground surface layer of a part.

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