Comparative characteristics of the main sanogenetic mechanisms in large laboratory animals (pigs) with acute blood loss and after infusion of an isotonic colloidal solution based on dextran and an isotonic solution based on polyglucin in conditions of general external cooling

The experiment was carried out on male pigs, which in the operating room were simulated with acute blood loss (air temperature 23oC). Then the animals were placed in a climatic chamber (minus 50 ° C) for 10 minutes. Then the temperature in the climatic chamber was raised to minus 10 ° C and the introduction of the test solutions to the animals began. It was found that in both groups there were similar indicators of blood pressure. The heart rate and respiratory rate in animals in the group with the experimental solution based on polyglucin derivatives were lower than in the group with the solution based on dextran. Key words: external general cooling, pigs, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, infusion solution.

Cold production reducing energy costs using ozone-friendly refrigerants

The article considers ways to reduce energy costs in the cold using ozone-safe refrigerants production. In this case, it is necessary to include an air-cooled heat exchanger-pre-condenser in the technological scheme of refrigeration. The conditions for the pre-capacitor for a certain performance selection are formulated. The results of the presented calculations prove a decrease in the annual energy consumption for cold production in comparison with the technological scheme with external cooling and a cascade system. The energy consumption reducing principle of the installation due to the air pre-condenser can also be realized by installing a heat-exchanger on the discharge of low-temperature compressors to heat water for the enterprise needs, receiving free heat energy all year round.

The development of a wax layer on the interior wall of a circular pipe transporting heated oil: the effects of temperature-dependent wax conductivity

In this paper, we develop and significantly extend the thermal phase change model, introduced in Needham et al. (QJMAM 67:93–125, 2014), describing the process of paraffinic wax layer formation on the interior wall of a circular pipe transporting heated oil, when subject to external cooling. In particular, we allow for the natural dependence of the solidifying paraffinic wax conductivity on local temperature. We are able to develop a complete theory, and provide efficient numerical computations, for this extended model. Comparison with recent experimental observations is made, and this, together with recent reviews of the physical mechanisms associated with wax layer formation provide significant support for the thermal model considered here.

Pengelolaan Hipertermi Pada Anak Dengan Riwayat Kejang Demam Sederhana Di Desa Krajan Banyubiru

Febrile seizures is seizures that occur due to an increase in body temperature that exceeds normal limits due to extracranial processes. A simple febrile seizure is a febrile seizure that lasts no more than 15 minutes and does not recur for 24 hours. Patients with febrile seizures have symptoms of high fever or hyperthermia. Hyperthermia is an increase in body temperature beyond the normal threshold. The purpose of this paper is to describe the management of hyperthermia in children with simple febrile seizures in the village of Krajan Banyubiru. The method used is descriptive with a case study approach through nursing care which consists of assessment, nursing intervention, nursing implementation and nursing evaluation. Management of hyperthermia is carried out by monitoring vital signs, monitoring fluid intake, performing external cooling, loosening clothing, collaborating with pharmacological therapy and conducting laboratory tests.The results of the management obtained with the intervention that has been designed are that the patient experiences a decrease in body temperature until it returns to normal. This proves that the actions taken based on the intervention are successful so that the hyperthermia problem can be resolved. Suggestions for families to know more about how to handle fever in children. Abstrak Kejang demam adalah bangkitan kejang yang terjadi akibat peningkatan suhu tubuh melebihi batas normal akibat proses ekstrakranial. Kejang demam sederhana yaitu kejang demam yang terjadi tidak lebih dari 15 menit dan tidak berulang selama 24 jam. Pasien dengan kejang demam mempunyai gejala demam tinggi atau hipertermi. Hipertermi adalah meningkatnya suhu tubuh melebihi batas ambang normal. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk menggambarkan Pengelolaan Hipertermi Pada Anak Dengan Riwayat Kejang Demam Sederhana Di Desa Krajan Banyubiru.Metode yang digunakan deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus melalui asuhan keperawatan yang terdiri dari pengkajian, intervensi keperawatan, implementasi keperawatan dan evaluasi keperawatan. Pengelolaan hipertermi dilakukan dengan memonitor tanda-tanda vital, monitor asupan cairan, melakukan pendinginan eksternal, melonggarkan pakaian, mengkolaborasikan pemberian terapi farmakologi serta melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Hasil pengelolaan yang didapatkan dengan intervensi yang telah dirancang adalah pasien mengalami penurunan suhu tubuh hingga kembali ke normal. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa tindakan yang dilakukan berdasarkan intervensi berhasil sehingga masalah hipertermi dapat teratasi. Saran bagi keluarga agar lebih mengetahui bagaimana cara penanganan demam pada anak dan mampu mencegah terjadinya kejang berulang.

Comparative Numerical Study of the Influence of Film Hole Location of Ribbed Cooling Channel on Internal and External Heat Transfer

The influence of film-hole position on internal and external heat transfer was investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). A simplified geometry of an integrated configuration of a ribbed channel, film hole and mainstream passage is modeled to represent a turbine internal and external cooling scheme. The proposed configurations with nine different positions of film holes are parameterized to conduct a series of CFD calculations at a target blowing ratio of 0.8, 1.1 and 1.7. Since the present study is taking a comparative approach, CFX with SST models is applied as a primary tool and the results are compared with Fluent solver for selected cases (total 36 cases). Among the proposed nine positions, the film holes located in the separated flow region of a ribbed channel showed considerable enhancement in film effectiveness with minimum reduction and potential improvement in internal heat transfer. The finding offers a design opportunity to enhance internal as well as external heat transfer.

Enhancing corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welded 5083-6061 aluminium alloys using external cooling environment

Dissimilar friction stir welding of AA5083-AA6061 alloys in different cooling environments (air, liquid nitrogen, and water) was successfully employed as an alternative method to enhance corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. The evolution of microstructure, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints were studied using optical microscopy (OM), electron backscattered diffraction, scanning electron microscope, electrochemical workstation, and universal testing machine. The results indicated that the width of the stir zone and grain size of heat-affected zones were reduced by the use of external cooling media. Electron backscattered diffraction results showed that the grain size in air-cooled friction stir welding, nitrogen-cooled friction stir welding and water-cooled friction stir welding were 7.6 µm, 4.5 µm, and 3.2 µm, respectively, and water-cooled friction stir welding joint developed a larger fraction of high-angle grain boundaries at stir zone. The intermetallics formed in the joints using cooling media were finer compared to that of the air-cooled samples. The corrosion behavior of the stir zone was impacted by the cooling environment while potentiodynamic polarization results revealed that the water-cooled friction stir welding joint showed excellent corrosion resistance due to the finer size of intermetallics. The minimum hardness values shifted to the stir zone in the case of nitrogen-cooled friction stir welding and water-cooled friction stir welding from the heat-affected zone location as in the air-cooled friction stir welding joint. For the joint made with water-cooled friction stir welding, maximum yield strength was obtained with a joint efficiency of 96% relative to AA5083 base material.