scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Mutian® Xraphconn on 141 Client-Owned Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis Predicted by Total Bilirubin Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Masato Katayama ◽  
Yukina Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Viral Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Survivor Group ◽  
Pre Treatment

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease caused by feline coronavirus or its variant, referred to as the FIP virus. Recently, favorable treatment outcomes of the anti-viral drug Mutian® Xraphconn (Mutian X) were noted in cats with FIP. Thus, the therapeutic efficacy of Mutian X in cats with FIP must be explored, although the predictors of therapeutic success remain unknown. In the present study, we administered Mutian X to 141 pet cats with effusive FIP following initial veterinarian examinations. Of these, 116 cats survived but the remaining 25 died during treatment. Pre-treatment signalment, viral gene expression, and representative laboratory parameters for routine FIP diagnosis (i.e., hematocrit, albumin-to-globulin ratio, total bilirubin, serum amyloid-A, and α1-acid glycoprotein) were statistically compared between the survivor and non-survivor groups. The majority of these parameters, including hematocrit, albumin-to-globulin ratio, serum amyloid-A, α1-acid glycoprotein, and viral gene expression, were comparable between the two groups. Interestingly, however, total bilirubin levels in the survivor group were significantly lower than those in the non-survivor group (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, in almost all surviving cats with effusive FIP (96.6%, 28/29), the pre-treatment total bilirubin levels were below 0.5 mg/dL; however, the survival rate decreased drastically (14.3%, 1/7) when the pre-treatment total bilirubin levels exceeded 4.0 mg/dL. Thus, circulating total bilirubin levels may act as a prognostic risk factor for severe FIP and may serve as the predictor of the therapeutic efficacy of Mutian X against this fatal disease.

Pharmacological Therapy of 141 Client-Owned Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis with Mutian ® Xraphconn Adenosine Nucleoside Analogue and Prognostic Prediction of Their Clinical Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Katayama ◽  
Yukina Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Recurrent Fever ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
G Ratio

Abstract Background: Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease caused by feline coronavirus or its mutated pathogen designated as FIP virus. The most common form of FIP is wet or effusive, with non- regenerative anemia and clinical signs of mainly non-specific, such as recurrent fever, anorexia and weight loss. Recently, promising results using new anti-viral drug for treating cats with FIP were observed, but identification of rescuable FIP has been still challenging. It is highly worth to identify infected cats possible to be saved by such an anti-viral agent.Methods: At the initial veterinarian’s examination, owner inquiry-based signalments, viral gene detection by PCR and representative laboratory tests for diagnosis of FIP including hematocrit, A to G ratio, total bilirubin, serum amyloid-A and α1-acid globulin of 141 cats with effusive FIP were compared with those of 28 non-FIP disease cats. Consequently, 116 of them were rescued by administration of anti-viral drug Mutian X and the residual 25 were deceased unfortunately under treatments. Clinical and laboratory indicators observed prior to initial medication were also evaluated statistically between survived and non-survived groups.Results: Expectedly, levels for a few items of signalments (appetitive and activity scores), hematocrit, A to G ratio, total bilirubin, serum amyloid-A, α1-acid globulin and viral gene were found to be distributed distinctively between 141 FIP and 28 non-FIP cats. In the comparison between survived and non-survived FIP cats, most of their parameters including levels for hematocrit, A to G ratio, serum amyloid-A, α1-acid globulin and viral gene were not statistically different. Interestingly, total bilirubin concentrations of survived FIP cats were declined significantly than those of non-survived, and similarly, body temperatures, appetitive and activity scores appeared to be higher probably in accordance with their physical condition.Conclusions: Several clinical and laboratory indicators were informative in diagnosis of effusive FIP. We have investigated that one of the quantitative markers, total bilirubin levels, tend to be distributed characteristically in rescuable cats with effusive FIP. Elevated levels of total bilirubin may be a prognostic risk factor for severe FIP, predicting no clinical benefit obtained by using Mutian X as a therapeutic agent.

Usefulness of acute phase proteins in differentiating between feline infectious peritonitis and other diseases in cats with body cavity effusions

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Hazuchova ◽  
Susanne Held ◽  
Reto Neiger
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Game Theory ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Amyloid A

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement of acute phase proteins (APPs) as a diagnostic tool to differentiate between feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and other diseases in cats with body cavity effusions. Methods Cats with pleural, abdominal or pericardial effusion were prospectively enrolled. Cats were classified as having or not having FIP based on immunohistochemistry (if available) or a sophisticated statistical method using machine learning methodology with concepts from game theory. Cats without FIP were further subdivided into three subgroups: cardiac disease, neoplasia and other diseases. Serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp) and α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) were measured in serum and effusion, using assays previously validated in cats. Results Serum and effusion samples were available for the measurement of APPs from 88 and 67 cats, respectively. Concentrations of the APPs in serum and effusion were significantly different in cats with and without FIP ( P <0.001 for all three APPs). The best APP to distinguish between cats with and without FIP was AGP in the effusion; a cut-off value of 1550 µg/ml had a sensitivity and specificity of 93% each for diagnosing FIP. Conclusions and relevance AGP, particularly if measured in effusion, was found to be useful in differentiating between FIP and other diseases, while SAA and Hp were not. The concentration of all three APPs in some diseases (eg, septic processes, disseminated neoplasia) was as high as in cats with FIP; therefore, none of these can be recommended as a single diagnostic test for FIP.

scholarly journals ATIM-32. PREDICTORS OF IMPROVED SURVIVAL FOLLOWING ONCOLYTIC VIRUS TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA: GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS FROM THE PHASE IB G207 CLINICAL TRIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi8-vi8
Author(s):  
Kevin Cassady ◽  
Katherine Miller ◽  
Nripesh Prasad ◽  
Dragan Maric ◽  
Josh Bernstock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Gene Expression ◽  
Recurrent Glioblastoma ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Phase Ib ◽  
Tumor Microenvironments ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Simplex Virus

Abstract Our Phase I trials of experimental virotherapy for recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) have shown that inoculation with a conditionally replication-competent early generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV), G207, is safe. However, while 17 of 37 subjects experienced objective clinical responses, the highly attenuated oHSV did not uniformly improve survival. We sought to identify predictors that would identify mechanisms contributing to survival and improve future trial design, by studying accrued samples. We analyzed pre-treatment biopsy and post-G207-treatment tumor samples (collected D2-5 post injection) banked from the patients enrolled in the phase IB G207 trial. The key findings from these patients suggest that productive G207 infection and G207-induced changes in gene expression were predictive of oHSV therapeutic success. RNAseq-based transcriptome analysis of these samples revealed that both the intrinsic IFN mediated antiviral response and adaptive immune functional response in patients correlated significantly with improved survival following G207 inoculation. Further, GBM tissue stained using multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry supported differences in the tumor microenvironments that were identified from RNAseq data analysis. Our data indicate that both viral gene expression and the resulting intrinsic anti-viral and recruited adaptive response were critical for survival after G207 inoculation and predict survival with this early generation oHSV in patients with recurrent malignant glioma.

Reference intervals for selected hematological and biochemical variables in Hucul horses

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cywińska ◽  
M. Czopowicz ◽  
L. Witkowski ◽  
R. Górecka ◽  
A. Degórski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Nonparametric Method ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Biochemical Variables ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Morphological Differences

Abstract Background: Hucul horses are the unique, genetically distinct breed of Carpathian Mountains. Even though they are recognized as primitive breed, many morphological differences between them and other primitive horses have been reported. Neither hematological nor blood biochemical studies in this breed have been conducted so far. Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish the reference intervals for basic hematological and selected biochemical variables and to compare them with other breeds. Material and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 168 Hucul horses and the analyses were performed using routine methods. Mainly nonparametric method was used to establish reference intervals. Results: The following reference intervals have been established (rounded to two significant digits): RBC: 7.0-13×1012/l; HGB: 106.1-195.8 g/l; HCT: 0.3-0.6 l/l; MCV: 35-50 fl; MCH 11.9-17.1 pg; MCHC: 31.9-34.8 g/dl; WBC: 7.5-22×109/l, bands: 0-0.5×109/l; segmented neutrophils: 3.3-10×109/l; eosinophils: 0-1.1×109/l; basophils: 0-0.3×109/l; lymphocytes: 1.9-12×109/l; monocytes: 0-0.2×109/l; PLT 95-350×109/l; MPV 5.2-7.0; ALP: 98-425 U/l; AST: 220-470 U/l; GGT: 9.1-31 U/l; total bilirubin: 6.5-29 μmol/l; CPK: 120-640 U/l; triglycerides: 0.1-0.9 mmol/l; urea: 3.8-11 mmol/l; creatinine: 44 -140 μmol/l; serum amyloid A: 130-5200 μg/l. Conclusions: Hematological and biochemical variables in Hucul horses were closer to hot-blooded then to cold-blooded and primitive horses or wild equidae. The reference intervals presented in this study pose clinically useful tool for evaluation of blood check-up in Hucul horses.

Protective effects of α1-acid glycoprotein and serum amyloid A on concanavalin A-induced liver failure via interleukin-6 induction by ME3738

2006 ◽  
Vol 541 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kuzuhara ◽  
Yoshihisa Nakano ◽  
Nobuyuki Yamashita ◽  
Masako Imai ◽  
Yuji Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Amyloid A

scholarly journals Acute-phase protein concentrations in serum of clinically healthy and diseased European bison (Bison bonasus) – preliminary study

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Pomorska-Mól ◽  
Kacper Libera ◽  
Magdalena Larska ◽  
Michał K. Krzysiak
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
The Poor

Abstract Background This is the first report describing levels of APPs in European bison. Serum concentration of acute phase proteins (APPs) may be helpful to assess general health status in wildlife and potentially useful in selecting animals for elimination. Since there is a lack of literature data regarding concentration of APPs in European bisons, establishment of the reference values is also needed. Methods A total of 87 European bison from Polish populations were divided into two groups: (1) healthy: immobilized for transportation, placing a telemetry collar and routine diagnostic purposes; and (2) selectively culled due to the poor health condition. The serum concentration of haptoglobin, serum amyloid A and α1-acid-glycoprotein were determined using commercial quantitative ELISA assays. Since none of the variables met the normality assumptions, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used for all comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistica 13.3 (Tibco, USA). Results The concentration of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A was significantly higher in animals culled (euthanised) due to the poor condition in respect to the clinically healthy European bison. The levels of α1-acid-glycoprotein did not show statistical difference between healthy and sick animals. Conclusions Correlation between APPs concertation and health status was proven, therefore the determination of selected APPs may be considered in future as auxiliary predictive tool in assessing European bison health condition.

scholarly journals Acute phase proteins in cats

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Mourão Rosa ◽  
Lisa Alexandra Pereira Mestrinho
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Acid Glycoprotein ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Technical Simplicity

ABSTRACT: Acute phase proteins (APP) are proteins synthesized and released largely by hepatocytes upon the occurrence of cell damage or invasion by microorganisms. This article reviews the use of APP in feline diseases, identifying their usefulness in the clinical setting, analyzing 55 published papers. Serum amyloid A, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, and haptoglobin are the indicators pointed out by the authors as useful in monitoring the acute inflammatory response in cats. Although, APP measurement is still not routinely used in veterinary medicine, together with clinical signs and other blood parameters, was of clinical interest and applicability in diseases such as feline infectious peritonitis, pancreatitis, renal failure, retroviral and Calicivirus infections. Although, there are commercially available kits for dosing feline APP, assay standardization aiming technical simplicity, more species specificity and with less associated costs will allow routine use in feline practice, as it is done in the human field.

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