scholarly journals Energy Efficient Operation of Variable Speed Submersible Pumps: Simulation of a Ground Water Well Field

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Sperlich ◽  
Dino Pfeiffer ◽  
Jens Burgschweiger ◽  
Enrique Campbell ◽  
Marcus Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Well Field ◽  
Water Well

Due to their lower energy consumption, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) submersible pumps have been introduced in ground water well field operation. Besides direct savings of energy, the introduction of PMSM pumps together with the required variable frequency converters offers new operational scenarios to meet the seasonally varying water demand. In this work, potential energy savings of variable speed submersible pumps were investigated. A ground water well field consisting of 13 wells and their transport pipes was modeled in the hydraulic modeling software EPANET 2.0. Using MS visual basic for applications, EPANET was coupled with MS Excel and a genetic algorithm to identify the most energy efficient combination of pump speeds. For the simulated well field, the total specific energy demand required for pumping was significantly lower in partial load operation as compared to nominal pump speed operation. For low and moderate flow scenarios, energy savings in the range of 20% compared to nominal speed operation can be achieved. These findings were confirmed by a monitoring campaign in the well field. Combining hydraulic simulation and optimization using genetic algorithms, the best efficiency scenario for operation of ground water well fields can be found.

Energy-efficient operation of pump drives in a cement plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1174-1188
Author(s):  
PK Choudhary ◽  
SP Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Flux Control ◽  
Variable Frequency Drive ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Time Optimal ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

Electric motors consume a large share of electricity in cement industries. Traditionally, most of the motor applications use variable frequency drive to save electricity, but they do not optimally minimize power consumption always. Pumps and fans are the applications where significant energy savings can be obtained at partial load by implementing optimal flux control. The present work identifies 10 large-size pump motors of an integrated cement manufacturing unit and proposes optimal flux control in a novel way during their operation. The proposed method eliminates run-time optimal flux computations, perturbations, and convergence issues as compared to conventional techniques along with excellent dynamic response. Significant savings of $0.237 million in annual energy cost, 3261.6 tons of combusted coal, and reduction of 3359.5 tons green-house gas emissions in a year are estimated at an average 90% loading condition. The estimated energy saving will be in line with “good practice” benchmarks for industries.

scholarly journals Energy Savings Analysis for Operation of Steam Cushion System for Sensible Thermal Energy Storages

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Ryszard Zwierzchowski ◽  
Olgierd Niemyjski ◽  
Marcin Wołowicz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Suction Pipe ◽  
Technical Solutions

The paper presents an analytical discussion of how to improve the energy efficiency of the steam cushion system operation for a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) tank. The EU’s green deal 2050 target policy requires an increase in the energy efficiency of energy production and use, as well as an increase in the share of renewable energy in the overall energy production balance. The use of energy-efficient TES is considered as one of the most important technologies to achieve the objectives of this EU policy. The analyses presented in the paper of energy-efficient operation of steam cushion (SC) systems were carried out by using operational data received from three District Heating Systems (DHSs) that supply heat and electricity to one of the largest cities in Poland and are equipped with the TES systems. These three analyzed TESs differ in capacities from 12,800 to 30,400 m3, tank diameters from 21 to 30 m and shell height from 37 to 48.2 m. The main purpose of using a steam cushion system in the TES tank is to protect the water stored in it against the absorption of oxygen from the surrounding atmospheric air through the surge chamber and safety valves located on the roof of the tank. The technical solutions presented here for the upper orifice for charging and discharging hot water into/from the tank and the suction pipe for circulating water allow to us achieve significant energy savings in the steam cushion systems. Both the upper orifice and the end of suction pipe are movable through the use of pontoons. Thanks to the use of this technical solution, a stable insulating water layer is created above the upper orifice in the upper part of the TES tank, where convective and turbulent transport of heat from the steam cushion space to the hot water stored in the tank is significantly limited. Ultimately, this reduces the heat flux by approximately 90% when compared to the classic technical solutions of steam cushion systems in TES tanks, i.e., for the upper orifice and circulation water pipe. The simplified analysis presented in the paper and comparison of its results with experimental data for heat flow from the steam cushion space to hot water stored in the upper part of the TES tank fully confirms the usefulness of the heat-flow models used.

scholarly journals Improving Energy Efficiency of Flexible Pneumatic Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1819
Author(s):  
Slobodan Dudić ◽  
Vule Reljić ◽  
Dragan Šešlija ◽  
Nikolina Dakić ◽  
Vladislav Blagojević
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Pneumatic Actuator ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Flexible Production Systems ◽  
Variable Weight

During pneumatic control system design, the critical value for choosing the appropriate pneumatic actuator is the weight of the workpiece. In the case of flexible production systems, which are the core part of the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) concept, the weight of the workpieces is often variable, since the crucial feature of this kind of production is its ability to deal with variable parts. Therefore, in order to deal with the variable weight of parts, a pneumatic actuator is chosen according to the heaviest part. However, according to another I4.0 principle, energy efficient operation of machines, the previous criteria for choosing a pneumatic actuator is energy efficient only when handling the heaviest part. In all other cases, operation of the pneumatic actuator is suboptimal in terms of energy efficiency. Aiming to solve this problem, this paper considers the possibility of using a new pressure regulator instead of traditional manually adjusted pressure regulators. This regulator provides operating pressure modification in real-time in accordance with the weight of the workpieces. In this way, the optimal compressed air consumption is ensured for each workpiece. Implementation of this device has yielded significant energy savings; however, the value is variable and depends on working task characteristics.

Energy efficient biomorphic pulse information coding in electronic neurons for the entrance unit of the neuroprocessor

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Pisarev
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Input Unit ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Electric Circuits ◽  
Electronic Neuron

This article studies the implementation of some well-known principles of information work of biological systems in the input unit of the neuroprocessor, including spike coding of information used in models of neural networks of the latest generation.<br> The development of modern neural network IT gives rise to a number of urgent tasks at the junction of several scientific disciplines. One of them is to create a hardware platform&nbsp;— a neuroprocessor for energy-efficient operation of neural networks. Recently, the development of nanotechnology of the main units of the neuroprocessor relies on combined memristor super-large logical and storage matrices. The matrix topology is built on the principle of maximum integration of programmable links between nodes. This article describes a method for implementing biomorphic neural functionality based on programmable links of a highly integrated 3D logic matrix.<br> This paper focuses on the problem of achieving energy efficiency of the hardware used to model neural networks. The main part analyzes the known facts of the principles of information transfer and processing in biological systems from the point of view of their implementation in the input unit of the neuroprocessor. The author deals with the scheme of an electronic neuron implemented based on elements of a 3D logical matrix. A pulsed method of encoding input information is presented, which most realistically reflects the principle of operation of a sensory biological neural system. The model of an electronic neuron for selecting ranges of technological parameters in a real 3D logic matrix scheme is analyzed. The implementation of disjunctively normal forms is shown, using the logic function in the input unit of a neuroprocessor as an example. The results of modeling fragments of electric circuits with memristors of a 3D logical matrix in programming mode are presented.<br> The author concludes that biomorphic pulse coding of standard digital signals allows achieving a high degree of energy efficiency of the logic elements of the neuroprocessor by reducing the number of valve operations. Energy efficiency makes it possible to overcome the thermal limitation of the scalable technology of three-dimensional layout of elements in memristor crossbars.

Energy efficient fixed-cluster architecture for wireless sensor networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 8727-8740
Author(s):  
Rajvir Singh ◽  
C. Rama Krishna ◽  
Rajnish Sharma ◽  
Renu Vig
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Cluster Architecture ◽  
Dynamic Cluster

Dynamic and frequent re-clustering of nodes along with data aggregation is used to achieve energy-efficient operation in wireless sensor networks. But dynamic cluster formation supports data aggregation only when clusters can be formed using any set of nodes that lie in close proximity to each other. Frequent re-clustering makes network management difficult and adversely affects the use of energy efficient TDMA-based scheduling for data collection within the clusters. To circumvent these issues, a centralized Fixed-Cluster Architecture (FCA) has been proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme leads to a simplified network implementation for smart spaces where it makes more sense to aggregate data that belongs to a cluster of sensors located within the confines of a designated area. A comparative study is done with dynamic clusters formed with a distributive Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) and a centralized Harmonic Search Algorithm (HSA). Using uniform cluster size for FCA, the results show that it utilizes the available energy efficiently by providing stability period values that are 56% and 41% more as compared to LEACH and HSA respectively.

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