scholarly journals Application of the Anammox Process for Treatment of Liquid Phase Digestate

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2965
Author(s):  
Joanna Majtacz ◽  
Dominika Grubba ◽  
Krzysztof Czerwionka
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Total Ammonium ◽  
Anammox Process

The liquid phase of the digestate (LPD) contains a relatively high concentration of nitrogen, with total ammonium nitrogen being the dominant form of nitrogen, as well as other essential nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium. Consequently, it must be treated before it is released into the environment. However, there are no reports of co-purification of LPD in the anammox process in sequencing batch reactor with granular sludge, which is a novelty for the presented research. The main objective of this paper is to assess the possibility of nitrogen removal in the anammox process with LPD from biogas plants conducting the co-fermentation process along with the participation of agricultural products (cattle slurry). This publication presents the research results of the efficiency of the anammox process, accounting for the effect of dissolved organic matter. The conducted experiments revealed the potential of LPD purification, which co-ferments waste activated sludge and bovine slurry for the anammox process. In the reactor ammonium utilization rate (AUR) process with LPD addition increased from 2.3 mg N/(g VSS∙h) with 0.5% LPD addition to 8.5 mg N/(g VSS∙h) with 7.5% LPD addition. SAA in the reactor with LPD addition increased from 5.3 mg N/(g VSS∙h) with 0.5% LPD addition to 18.5 mg N/(g VSS∙h) with 4 and 5% LPD addition. With the addition of 7.5% LPD, SAA dropped to a value of 18.1 mg N/(g VSS∙h) in the LPD reactor.

scholarly journals The Influence of Sulfate on Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation in a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3004
Author(s):  
Dominika Grubba ◽  
Joanna Majtacz
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Anammox Process

Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria have a more comprehensive metabolism than expected - there may be other electron acceptors that oxidize ammonium nitrogen under anaerobic conditions, in addition to the well-known nitrite nitrogen, one of which is sulfate in the sulfammox process. Sulfate-containing compounds are part of the medium for the anammox process, but their concentrations are not particularly high (0.2 g MgSO4 ∙ 7H2O/dm3 and 0.00625 g FeSO4/dm3). They can react to some extent with influent ammonium nitrogen. In this work, tests were carried out in two sequencing batch reactors with granular sludge. The first reactor (R1) operated in a 6 h cycle, and the concentration of the inflowing sulfate was kept at 44 mg/dm3∙d. The second reactor (R2) was operated until the 36th day in a 6 h cycle; the influencing concentration was 180 mg SO42−/dm3∙d from the 37th to 64th day in a 3 h cycle, with an influencing concentration of 360 mg SO42−/dm3∙d; and from the 65th to 90th day, the reactor was operated again in a 6 h cycle with an influencing concentration of 180 mg SO42−/dm3∙d. Along with the increased share of sulfate, both the ammonium utilization rate and specific anammox activity showed an increasing trend. As soon as the sulfate dosage was reduced, the ammonium utilization rate and specific anammox activity values dropped. Therefore, it can be concluded that sulfate-containing compounds contribute to the efficiency and rate of the anammox process.

Partial nitrification of sludge reject water by means of aerobic granulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1906-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. López-Palau ◽  
A. Pericas ◽  
J. Dosta ◽  
J. Mata-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Partial Nitrification ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Granule Density ◽  
Granule Morphology

Granular sludge formation was performed in a laboratory scale Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) fed with supernatant of anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. This effluent was concentrated progressively in order to enhance biomass capacity without inhibiting it. During the first part of the study, ammonium nitrogen was converted to nitrate, so conventional nitrification took place. When a nitrogen load of 0.8 g N L−1 d−1 was treated, the effluent concentration of nitrite started to increase while the nitrate concentration decreased until it disappeared. So, partial nitrification was achieved. At the end of this study, a nitrogen load of 1.1 g N L−1 d−1 was treated obtaining an effluent with 50% ammonium and 50% nitrite. The volatile suspended solids concentration in the reactor reached 10 g VSS L−1. At this point the granule morphology was quite round and no filamentous bacteria was observed. The Feret's diameter was in the range between 1 and 6 mm with an average value of 4.5 mm. Roundness value was all the time higher than 0.7. Granule density increased during the experimental period, obtaining a final value of 7.0 g L−1.

Biodegradation of Paracetamol by Aerobic Granules in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR)

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hu ◽  
Lan Zhou ◽  
Qing Wei Zhou ◽  
Fang Wei ◽  
Li Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Substrate Inhibition ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Granules ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Insight Into

Aerobic granules efficient at degrading paracetamol as the sole carbon and energy resource were successfully developed in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Aerobic granules were first observed about 220 days after reactor start-up. The images SEM showed the aerobic granules typically consisted of coccus and bacillus. Meanwhile, the size distribution of aerobic granules was analyzed on day 200. The result indicated that the granules eventually grew to become the dominant form of biomass in the reactor. The granular sludge on day 80 and 200 degraded paracetamol completely in 48 h and 28 h, respectively, indicating that granulation contributed to paracetamol degradation. The specific paracetamol degradation rate was observed to increase with increasing paracetamol initial concentration from 500 to 5000 mg/L, peaked at 1200 mg-MTBE/g-VSS·h, and declined with further increases in MTBE concentration as substrate inhibition effects became significant. This study demonstrates that paracetamol can be effectively degraded by aerobic granules and gives insight into the microorganisms potentially involved in the process.

An EGSB-SBR based process for coupling methanogenesis and shortcut nitrogen removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1633-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Bai ◽  
Daijun Zhang ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Peili Lu ◽  
Hainan Ai
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Batch Operation ◽  
Shortcut Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Anammox Process

An integrated process consisting of an anaerobic/anoxic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor and an aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was developed by a mode of sequencing batch operation, in which methanogenesis, denitrification and anammox were coupled in EGSB with methanogenesis first, then denitrification and anammox simultaneously, and partial nitrification occurred in SBR for providing nitrite to EGSB. This process extended the application of the anammox process to the treatment of wastewater containing high concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium. When the volumetric exchange ratio between EGSB and SBR was controlled at 57% with the influent pH at 6–8, 74.38–83.65% of NH4+-N, 72.68–83.12% of total nitrogen (TN) and 88.34–98.86% of COD were removed in a range of 200–4,500 mg/L COD and 40–90 mg/L NH4+-N respectively. TN removal by anammox and shortcut denitrification was 26.35–58.64 and 0–32.80% of the removed nitrogen, respectively. The results showed that the contribution of anammox gradually decreased with an increase in the C/N ratio of influent, whereas the reverse was true for shortcut denitrification. The COD removal by methanogenesis was 70.89–98.79% of the removed COD, and increased with increasing C/N ratio.

A Technique to Determine Unsteady-State Inhibition Kinetics in the Activated Sludge Process

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 593-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Watkin ◽  
W. Wesley Eckenfelder
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Fitting Algorithm ◽  
Test Reactor ◽  
Two Parameter

A technique for rapidly determining Monod and inhibition kinetic parameters in activated sludge is evaluated. The method studied is known as the fed-batch reactor technique and requires approximately three hours to complete. The technique allows for a gradual build-up of substrate in the test reactor by introducing the substrate at a feed rate greater than the maximum substrate utilization rate. Both inhibitory and non-inhibitory substrate responses are modeled using a nonlinear numerical curve-fitting technique. The responses of both glucose and 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) are studied using activated sludges with various acclimation histories. Statistically different inhibition constants, KI, for DCP inhibition of glucose utilization were found for the various sludges studied. The curve-fitting algorithm was verified in its ability to accurately retrieve two kinetic parameters from synthetic data generated by superimposing normally distributed random error onto the two parameter numerical solution generated by the algorithm.

scholarly journals Microbiome of Seven Full-Scale Anaerobic Digestion Plants in South Korea: Effect of Feedstock and Operational Parameters

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Michal Sposob ◽  
Hee-Sung Moon ◽  
Dongjin Lee ◽  
Yeo-Myeong Yun
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Secondary Sludge ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Total Ammonium

In this study, the microbiomes linked with the operational parameters in seven mesophilic full-scale AD plants mainly treating food waste (four plants) and sewage sludge (three plants) were analyzed. The results obtained indicated lower diversity and evenness of the microbial population in sludge digestion (SD) plants compared to food digestion (FD) plants. Candidatus Accumulibacter dominated (up to 42.1%) in SD plants due to microbial immigration from fed secondary sludge (up to 89%). Its potential activity in SD plants was correlated to H2 production, which was related to the dominance of hydrogenotrophic methanogens (Methanococcus). In FD plants, a balance between the hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic pathways was found, while Flavobacterium and Levilinea played an important role during acidogenesis. Levilinea also expressed sensitivity to ammonia in FD plants. The substantial differences in hydraulic retention time (HRT), organic loading rate (OLR), and total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) among the studied FD plants did not influence the archaeal methane production pathway. In addition, the bacterial genera responsible for acetate production through syntrophy and homoacetogenesis (Smithella, Treponema) were present in all the plants studied.

scholarly journals Catalytic wet oxidation of high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater with Fe3+ as catalyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
Xu Zeng ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Jianfu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Pressure ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Wet Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Wet Oxidation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Temperature Time

Abstract Catalytic wet oxidation of high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater with Fe3+ as catalyst was carried out in a batch reactor. Results showed that the degradation of pharmaceutical wastewater was enhanced significantly by Fe3+. The effects of reaction parameters, such as the catalyst dose, reaction temperature, time, and initial oxygen pressure, were discussed. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal increased with the increases of catalyst dose, temperature, time and oxygen supply. With the initial COD 34,000–35,000 mg/L, approximately 70% COD removal can be achieved under the conditions of catalyst 1.0 g and oxygen pressure 1.0 MPa at 250 °C after 60 min. The results of kinetic studies showed that two reaction steps existed in this oxidation process, which followed an apparent first-order rate law. This process provides an effective approach for the pretreatment of high concentration pharmaceutical wastewater.

Biolixiviation des métaux lourds et stabilisation des boues d'épuration : essai en bioréacteur opéré en mode cuvée

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Tyagi ◽  
J. F. Blais ◽  
N. Meunier ◽  
D. Kluepfel
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Sludge Stabilization ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Batch Time ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

A biological process of heavy metals solubilization and sewage sludge stabilization was studied in a batch reactor of 30-L capacity. The acclimatized leaching microflora was composed of two major groups of thiobacilli: less acidophilic and acidophilic. A batch time of 10 days allows a substantial metal solubilization: cadmium (100%), copper (80%), manganese (80%), nickel (46%), and zinc (100%). The bioleaching process also causes a significative decrease in sludge total suspended solids (25%) and volatile suspended solids (32%), and a considerable reduction (under the detection limit of 10 cfu∙mL−1) of indicator bacteria (total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci). After filtration or centrifugation of the leached sludge, the solubilized metals were precipitated by lime neutralization. The phosphorus and potassium sludge contents were not affected by bioleaching process. These results indicate that the process of sludge digestion and metal leaching can be conducted in parallel in the same reactor. Key words: sewage sludge, heavy metals, bioleaching, stabilization, thiobacilli, elemental sulfur.

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