scholarly journals A Review of Battery Materials as CDI Electrodes for Desalination

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3030
Author(s):  
Yuxin Jiang ◽  
Sikpaam Issaka Alhassan ◽  
Dun Wei ◽  
Haiying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Material ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Battery Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Capacity ◽  
Battery Electrode

The world is suffering from chronic water shortage due to the increasing population, water pollution and industrialization. Desalinating saline water offers a rational choice to produce fresh water thus resolving the crisis. Among various kinds of desalination technologies, capacitive deionization (CDI) is of significant potential owing to the facile process, low energy consumption, mild working conditions, easy regeneration, low cost and the absence of secondary pollution. The electrode material is an essential component for desalination performance. The most used electrode material is carbon-based material, which suffers from low desalination capacity (under 15 mg·g−1). However, the desalination of saline water with the CDI method is usually the charging process of a battery or supercapacitor. The electrochemical capacity of battery electrode material is relatively high because of the larger scale of charge transfer due to the redox reaction, thus leading to a larger desalination capacity in the CDI system. A variety of battery materials have been developed due to the urgent demand for energy storage, which increases the choices of CDI electrode materials largely. Sodium-ion battery materials, lithium-ion battery materials, chloride-ion battery materials, conducting polymers, radical polymers, and flow battery electrode materials have appeared in the literature of CDI research, many of which enhanced the deionization performances of CDI, revealing a bright future of integrating battery materials with CDI technology.

Oxocarbon-functionalized graphene as a lithium-ion battery cathode: a first-principles investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 7447-7456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zicheng Wang ◽  
Shuzhou Li ◽  
Yaping Zhang ◽  
Huaizhe Xu
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Battery Electrode ◽  
Li Ion

In recent years, organic-based, especially carbonyl-based, Li-ion battery electrode materials have attracted great attention due to their low-cost, environmentally friendly nature and strong Li-ion bonding abilities.

A Simple and Low‐Cost Method to Synthesize Cr‐Doped α‐Fe 2 O 3 Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 856-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Shao‐hua Luo ◽  
Dong‐xu Zhang ◽  
Dong‐bei Hu ◽  
Ting‐Feng Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion

Accelerating rate calorimetry studies of the reactions between ionic liquids and charged lithium ion battery electrode materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 6346-6352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadong Wang ◽  
K. Zaghib ◽  
A. Guerfi ◽  
Fernanda F.C. Bazito ◽  
Roberto M. Torresi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Electrode

Iron Phosphates as Cathodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries

2006 ◽  
Vol 973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijun Wang ◽  
M. Stanley Whittingham
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Iron Phosphates ◽  
Electrochemical Capacity ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity ◽  
Olivine Structure

ABSTRACTThis study focusses on optimizing the parameters of the hydrothermal synthesis to produce iron phosphates for lithium ion batteries, with an emphasis on pure LiFePO4 with the olivine structure and compounds containing a higher iron:phosphate ratio. Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) is a promising cathode candidate for lithium ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity, environmentally benign and the low cost of starting materials. Well crystallized LiFePO4 can be successfully synthesized at temperatures above 150 °C. The addition of a reducing agent, such as hydrazine, is essential to minimize the oxidation of ferrous (Fe2+) to ferric (Fe3+) in the final compound. The morphology of LiFePO4 is highly dependent on the pH of the initial solution. This study also investigated the lipscombite iron phosphates of formula Fe1.33PO4OH. This compound has a log-like structure formed by Fe-O octahedral chains. The chains are partially occupied by the Fe3+ sites, and these iron atoms and some of the vacancies can be substituted by other cations. Most of the protons can be ion-exchanged for lithium, and the electrochemical capacity is much increased.

Improved Piezoelectric Performance of Electrospun PVDF Nanofibers with Conductive Paint Coated Electrode

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950008 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tamil Selvan ◽  
W. A. D. M. Jayathilaka ◽  
A. Hilaal ◽  
S. Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Piezoelectric Performance ◽  
Conductive Paint

Fabrication of Nanogenerators (NGs) using Electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers for sensing and energy harvesting applications is a trending research due to its flexibility, biocompatibility, low-cost, etc. Different electrode materials, polymer composites had been proposed to increase the energy output. However, the contact area between the electrode material and nanofiber mat which helps to conduct more piezoelectric charges to the electrode surface are still unexplored especially at nanoscale level. In this paper, authors have proposed the use of low-cost carbon conductive paint to increase the contact area between the electrode and nanofiber mat. The electrode material is coated with conductive paint and the NG was fabricated with that electrode to compare the performances with conventional NG. Piezoelectric performance of the proposed NG has increased substantially as it generates an open circuit voltage [Formula: see text]) of 4.5[Formula: see text]V and short circuit current [Formula: see text]) of 25[Formula: see text]nA, whereas the conventional NG can only produce 1.6 [Formula: see text]) and 1.5[Formula: see text]nA [Formula: see text]). A drop test experiment was conducted, and the device consistency was verified experimentally.

scholarly journals The application of metal-organic frameworks in electrode materials for lithium–ion and lithium–sulfur batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 190634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Ping Zhu ◽  
Xiu Hao Wang ◽  
Xiu Xiu Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Large Specific Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Battery Electrode ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained increased attention due to their unique features, including tunable pore sizes, controllable structures and a large specific surface area. In addition to their application in gas adsorption and separation, hydrogen storage, optics, magnetism and organic drug carriers, MOFs also can be used in batteries and supercapacitors which have attracted the researcher's attention. Based on recent studies, this review describes the latest developments about MOFs as battery electrode materials which are used in lithium–ion and lithium–sulfur batteries.

Ti2P monolayer as a high performance 2-D electrode material for ion batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (33) ◽  
pp. 18480-18487
Author(s):  
Zishuang Cheng ◽  
Xiaoming Zhang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Heyan Liu ◽  
Xiao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Ion Diffusion ◽  
Battery Electrode

Electrical conductivity, storage capacity and ion diffusion ability are three crucial parameters for battery electrode materials.

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Praseodymium Doped SnO2 Particles as Negative Electrode Material of Lithium-Ion Battery

2014 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 370-374
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhen Liu ◽  
Guang Jian Lu ◽  
Xiao Zhou Liu ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Han Zhang Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Coprecipitation Method ◽  
Negative Electrode Material

Pr doped SnO2 particles as negative electrode material of lithium-ion battery are synthesized by the coprecipitation method with SnCl4·5H2O and Pr2O3 as raw materials. The structure of the SnO2 particles and Pr doped SnO2 particles are investigated respectively by XRD analysis. Doping is achieved well by coprecipitation method and is recognized as replacement doping or caulking doping. Electrochemical properties of the SnO2 particles and Pr doped SnO2 particles are tested by charge-discharge and cycle voltammogram experimentation, respectively. The initial specific discharge capacity of Pr doped SnO2 the negative electrode materials is 676.3mAh/g. After 20 cycles, the capacity retention ratio is 90.5%. The reversible capacity of Pr doped SnO2 negative electrode material higher than the reversible capacity of SnO2 negative electrode material. Pr doped SnO2 particles has good lithiumion intercalation/deintercalation performance.

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