scholarly journals The Effect of Exogenous Oxytetracycline on High-Temperature Anaerobic Digestion of Elements in Swine Wastewater

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3497
Author(s):  
Zhongda Hu ◽  
Zijing Fan ◽  
Qixuan Song ◽  
Rabia Khatoon ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Degradation Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Exogenous Addition ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Complexation Reactions

Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are a common type of antibiotic found in swine wastewater. Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a significant type of TC. This study mainly examined the influence of OTC on high-temperature anaerobic digestion by adding OTC to collections of swine wastewater at different times during the digestion process. The results showed that high-temperature anaerobic digestion was suitable for the removal of TCs, with an 87% OTC removal efficiency achieved by day 20. Additionally, OTC added from external sources was found to inhibit the chlortetracycline degradation process and affect the first-order degradation kinetic model of TCs. Complexation reactions were the main ways in which OTC affected the heavy metal content of the water. The exogenous addition of OTC was found to inhibit the activity of some digester microbial strains, reduce the proportion of dominant strains, such as MBA03, and kill certain specific strains. This performance alteration was most obvious when OTC was added in the middle of the reaction.

scholarly journals Enhancing methane production from the invasive macroalga Rugulopteryx okamurae through anaerobic co-digestion with olive mill solid waste: process performance and kinetic analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. de la Lama-Calvente ◽  
M. J. Fernández-Rodríguez ◽  
J. Llanos ◽  
J. M. Mancilla-Leytón ◽  
R. Borja
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
First Order ◽  
Olive Mill Solid Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

AbstractThe biomass valorisation of the invasive brown alga Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) is key to curbing the expansion of this invasive macroalga which is generating tonnes of biomass on southern Spain beaches. As a feasible alternative for the biomass management, anaerobic co-digestion is proposed in this study. Although the anaerobic digestion of macroalgae barely produced 177 mL of CH4 g−1 VS, the co-digestion with a C-rich substrate, such as the olive mill solid waste (OMSW, the main waste derived from the two-phase olive oil manufacturing process), improved the anaerobic digestion process. The mixture improved not only the methane yield, but also its biodegradability. The highest biodegradability was found in the mixture 1 R. okamurae—1 OMSW, which improved the biodegradability of the macroalgae by 12.9% and 38.1% for the OMSW. The highest methane yield was observed for the mixture 1 R. okamurae—3 OMSW, improving the methane production of macroalgae alone by 157% and the OMSW methane production by 8.6%. Two mathematical models were used to fit the experimental data of methane production time with the aim of assessing the processes and obtaining the kinetic constants of the anaerobic co-digestion of different combination of R. okamurae and OMSW and both substrates independently. First-order kinetic and the transference function models allowed for appropriately fitting the experimental results of methane production with digestion time. The specific rate constant, k (first-order model) for the mixture 1 R. okamurae- 1.5 OMSW, was 5.1 and 1.3 times higher than that obtained for the mono-digestion of single OMSW and the macroalga, respectively. In the same way, the transference function model revealed that the maximum methane production rate (Rmax) was also found for the mixture 1 R. okamurae—1.5 OMSW (30.4 mL CH4 g−1 VS day−1), which was 1.6 and 2.2 times higher than the corresponding to the mono-digestions of the single OMSW and sole R. okamurae (18.9 and 13.6 mL CH4 g−1 VS day−1), respectively.

scholarly journals A Framework Based on Finite Element Method (FEM) for Modelling and Assessing the Affection of the Local Thermal Weather Factors on the Performance of Anaerobic Lagoons for the Natural Treatment of Swine Wastewater

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
Saulo Brito-Espino ◽  
Alejandro Ramos-Martín ◽  
Sebastian O. Pérez-Báez ◽  
Carlos Mendieta-Pino ◽  
Federico Leon-Zerpa
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
Element Method ◽  
Anaerobic Lagoons

Anaerobic lagoons are natural wastewater treatment systems suitable for swine farms in small communities due to its low operational and building costs, as well as for the environmental sustainability that these technologies enable. The local weather is one of the factors which greatly influences the efficiency of the organic matter degradation within anaerobic lagoons, since microbial growth is closely related to temperature. In this manuscript, we propose a mathematical model which involves the two-dimensional Stokes, advection–diffusion-reaction and heat transfer equations for an unstirred fluid flow. Furthermore, the Anaerobic Digestion Model No1 (ADM1), developed by the International Water Association (IWA), has been implemented in the model. The partial differential equations resulting from the model, which involve a large number of state variables that change according to the position and the time, are solved through the use of the Finite Element Method. The results of the simulations indicated that the methodology is capable of predicting reasonably well the steady-state of the concentrations for all processes that take place in the anaerobic digestion and for each one of the variables considered; cells, organic matter, nutrients, etc. In view of the results, it can be concluded that the model has significant potential for the design and the study of anaerobic cells’ behaviour within free flow systems.

Dynamics of transitional acidogenic community along with methanogenic population during anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1607-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Gu Shin ◽  
Sulhee Yoo ◽  
Kwanghyun Hwang ◽  
Minkyung Song ◽  
Woong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Swine Wastewater

scholarly journals Degradation of the pharmaceuticals lamivudine and zidovudine using advanced oxidation processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e9
Author(s):  
Alex Leandro Andrade de Lucena ◽  
Daniella Carla Napoleão ◽  
Hélder Vinícius Carneiro da Silva ◽  
Rayany Magali da Rocha Santana ◽  
Beatriz Galdino Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
First Order ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Pharmaceutical Degradation ◽  
Uv C

The existence of pharmaceuticals in nature is a growing environmental problem, turning necessary the use of efficient treatments for the degradation of these substances, as the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In this work the AOPs UV/H2O2 and photo-Fenton were applied to degrade the pharmaceuticals lamivudine and zidovudine in an aqueous solution using a bench reactor, composed of three UV-C lamps. It was verified that the UV/H2O2 process presented a degradation of 97.33 ± 0.14% for lamivudine and 93.90 ± 0.33% for zidovudine, after 180 min of treatment and for an initial concentratin of each pharmaceutical of  5 mg.L-1 and [H2O2] of 600 mg.L-1.  A methodology by artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used to model the photocatalytic process, with the MLP 7-23-2 ANN representing it well, and determining the relative importance (%) of each of the input variables for the pharmaceutical’s degradation process. Kinetic studies for the pharmaceutical degradation and the conversion of organic matter showed good adjustments to the pseudo first-order models with R2 raging from 0.9705 to 0.9980. Toxicity assays for the before treatment solution indicated that the seeds Lactuca sativa and Portulaca grandiflora showed growth inhibition whereas the post-treatment solution inhibited only the growth of Lactuca sativa.

scholarly journals 1.2.4 - First-order sapphire fiber Bragg gratings for high temperature sensing

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Elsmann ◽  
T. Habisreuther ◽  
A. Graf ◽  
M. Rothhardt ◽  
M. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Bragg Gratings ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
First Order ◽  
Sapphire Fiber

Kinetic evaluation on the degradation process of anaerobic digestion fed with piggery wastewater at different OLRs

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunpeng Cheng ◽  
Zhihua Chen ◽  
Fang Deng ◽  
Yuhua Liao ◽  
Bo Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Piggery Wastewater ◽  
Kinetic Evaluation

Corrosion Margins for Redundant Ship Structures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yordan Garbatov ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Step Function ◽  
Order System ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Ship Structures ◽  
Degradation Model ◽  
Corrosion Depth ◽  
First Order ◽  
Partial Safety Factors

The work presented here analyses the structural corrosion degradation of two sets of corrosion depth measurements collected with a one-decade difference. The corrosion degradation process is associated to a first order system, subjected to a sudden disturbance, where a step function is used as an input to define the solution of the differential equation of this system leads to the exponential corrosion degradation model as developed earlier. Corrosion margins of redundant ship structures with serious consequences of failure are derived and several conclusions related to the new trend in the ageing structures are presented and discussed. Partial safety factors with respect to the corrosion environment and corrosion margins are developed that can be used in the design, avoiding a complex probabilistic analysis.

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