Gastroesophageal reflux disease in paramedic practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Rizvan Yunnadievich Bangarov ◽  
Vsevolod Vladimirovich Skvortsov
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rapid Elimination ◽  
And Control

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a condition that develops when reflux of stomach contents causes disturbing symptoms and / or complications. Its typical symptoms are heartburn and regurgitation (belching sour, bitter, stomach contents), which worsen the well-being of patients. One of the main tasks of medical treatment is the rapid elimination and control of symptoms. Complications of GERD include reflux esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. This article highlights the use of alginates in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in accordance with modern concepts of this condition and approaches to its treatment.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular response to sustained handgrip test in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Teena Sogan ◽  
Keerti Mathur ◽  
Manisha Sankhla
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Lower Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Handgrip Test ◽  
Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
And Control

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease pathogenesis may be associated with disturbances of the autonomic nervous system.Methods: One hundred five participants aged 35-45 years of either sex, which include Gastroesophageal reflux disease patients, thirty five each (who presented typical symptom of Gastroesophageal reflux disease with reflux esophagitis (ERD) and without reflux esophagitis (NERD)) and thirty five age and sex matched control subjects, were enrolled in the study. Autonomic function test was assessed using Sustained Handgrip test.Results: In the present study, no significant difference was observed in age, height, weight, body mass index, resting systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the study groups. The mean difference of diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) response to Sustained Handgrip test between ERD and NERD; ERD and Control; NERD and Control was statistically highly significant (p=0.001; p<0.001; p=0.029, respectively), predicting reduced sympathetic activity in gastroesophageal reflux disease, more in patients with reflux esophagitis (ERD).Conclusions: Reduced sympathetic activity can cause impairment of lower esophageal sphincter function, particularly of the neural mechanisms related to control of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation.  It might increase number and time duration of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations resulting in pathological enhancement of GERD. 

scholarly journals Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma After Antireflux Surgery in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the Nordic Countries

JAMA Oncology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Maret-Ouda ◽  
Karl Wahlin ◽  
Miia Artama ◽  
Nele Brusselaers ◽  
Martti Färkkilä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Antireflux Surgery ◽  
Nordic Countries

Gastroesophageal reflux disease, proton-pump inhibitor use and Barrett's esophagus in esophageal adenocarcinoma: Trends revisited

Surgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 856-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal J. Lada ◽  
Dylan R. Nieman ◽  
Michelle Han ◽  
Poochong Timratana ◽  
Omran Alsalahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus

scholarly journals Gene Expression Profiling of Inflammatory Cytokines in Esophageal Biopsies of Different Phenotypes of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: a cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Zavala-Solares ◽  
Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo ◽  
Miguel Valdovinos ◽  
Julio Granados ◽  
Guido Grajales-Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Patients clinical endoscopic phenotypes in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are classified as: Barrett's esophagus (BE), erosive esophagitis (EE) and non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD). NERD are subclassified in Abnormal acid exposure (AAE) and Normal acid exposure (NAE) according to pH monitoring study. The aim of this study was to characterize genes involved in the pathophysiology and immune response of GERD.Methods: This is an observational and cross-sectional study. All patients with BE, EE, AAE, NAE and control group were subjected to a superior endoscopy (with biopsies of esophageal mucosa). The cytokine mRNA relative quantification of target genes was conducted by RT-PCR. Changes in gene expression were assessed of the genes associated with inflammation in each disease phenotype. Statistical analysis of differential gene expression was performed by using Dunn's Multiple Comparison non-parametric test. A p value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: A total of 82 patients were included and they were divided into the following groups: Group BE 16 (19.51%), Group EE 23 (28.04%), Group AAE 13 (15.86%), NAE (15.86%) and Control Group 17 (20.73%). When comparing with control group we found: patients with BE showed an increased expression of IL-8 (P<0.005) and higher levels of: IL-10 and MMP-3, MMP-9 as well; patients with EE had higher levels of IL-1B, IL-6 and IL-10 (P<0.005), patients with AAE showed an increased expression of Il-1B, Il-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α (P<0.005). AAE had a higher expression of Il-1B and TNF-α than NAE (P<0.005). Conclusions: This study demonstrates the differential expression of mediators of inflammation in the esophageal mucosa of patients in GERD endoscopic phenotypes. MMP3 could be implicated in damage to esophageal mucosa. IL-1B and TNF-α could be a differential diagnosis between AAE and NAE in the non-erosive phenotype from endoscopic biopsies.

scholarly journals CD8 T-Cell–Predominant Lymphocytic Esophagitis is One of the Major Patterns of Lymphocytic Inflammation in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Moiseff ◽  
Nicholas Olson ◽  
Arief A. Suriawinata ◽  
Richard I. Rothstein ◽  
Mikhail Lisovsky
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Motility Disorders ◽  
Lymphocytic Esophagitis

Context.— Published reports have suggested an association of lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and primary motility disorders and have also shown that GERD and motility disorders frequently overlap. These findings make it difficult to determine the true relationship between LyE and GERD, which may be confounded by the presence of motility disorders with LyE. Objective.— To characterize patterns of lymphocytic inflammation in patients with GERD that have no motility abnormalities. Design.— We identified 161 patients seen at our institution from 1998 to 2014, who were diagnosed with GERD, had normal esophageal motility, and available esophageal biopsies. LyE was defined as peripapillary lymphocytosis with rare or absent granulocytes. CD4 and CD8 immunophenotype of lymphocytes was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Results.— We found increased intraepithelial lymphocytes in 13.7% of patients with GERD. Two major patterns and 1 minor pattern of lymphocytic inflammation were observed as follows: (1) LyE (in 6.8% [11 of 161] of patients and typically focal), (2) dispersed lymphocytes in an area of reflux esophagitis (in 5.6% [9 of 161] and typically diffuse), and (3) peripapillary lymphocytes in an area of reflux esophagitis (in 1.2% [2 of 161]). CD8 T cells significantly outnumbered CD4 T cells in 91% of patients with lymphocytic esophagitis and 100% of patients with dispersed lymphocytes (9 of 9) or peripapillary lymphocytes (2 of 2) in the area of reflux esophagitis. Conclusions.— These findings suggest that LyE is one of the major patterns of lymphocytic inflammation in GERD. CD8 T-cell–predominant immunophenotype may be useful as a marker of GERD in the differential diagnosis of LyE.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document