Transmissible tick-borne infections in the south of the Far East

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Valeriya Alexandrovna Lubova ◽  
Anna Leonidovna Shutikova ◽  
Galina Nikolaevna Leonova
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
The South ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Epidemiological Monitoring ◽  
Natural Foci

Natural foci of tick-borne infections associated with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), borrelia (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato), including Borrelia miyamotoi, anaplasma, ehrlichia and rickettsia are widespread in the Primorsky Krai. The carriers of these pathogens are ixodid ticks. The population of Primorsky Krai meets with ticks in natural biotopes, as well as in anthropurgic foci. The aim of the study is to give a comparative assessment of the epizootic activity in the natural foci of transmissible tick-borne infections in the south of Primorsky Krai in the epidemic seasons of 2017–2020. In this periodixodid ticks (3778 samples), taken from humans in natural foci in the Primorsky Territory, were studied. The TBEV antigen was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), genetic markers of pathogens were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The incidence of tick-borne infections has been analyzed. Based on the results of monitoring the infection of ixodid ticks, we found that 26.9 % of the studied samples were infected with various pathogens of tick-borne infections. Low infection rate of TBEV in ixodid ticks and high infection with pathogens of a bacterial nature were established. TBEV antigen was detected in 30 cases (1.4 %), TBEV RNA was detected in 20 cases (0.7 %), Borrelia burgdorferis. l. DNA — in 820 cases (30.7 %), ehrlichia — in 64 (2.4 %), anaplasma — in 55 (2.1 %).Genetic marker of Rickettsia spp. was detected in 3 cases (0.9 %) out of 322 examined ixodid ticks, B. miyamotoi — in 26 cases (6.9 %) out of 373 examined samples. A positive correlation was noted between the incidence rates and the cases of detection of TBEV and Lyme borreliosis in ticks. The results obtained indicate the need for annual epidemiological monitoring of infections transmitted by ixodid ticks, to determine the real epidemic situation and the activity of the functioning natural foci transmissible tick-borne infections on the territory of Primorsky Krai.

scholarly journals IXODES TICKS AS VECTORS OF TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS IN THE SOUTH OF PRIMORSKY KRAI (KHASANSKY DISTRICT)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
V. A. Lubova ◽  
E. L. Bondarenko ◽  
G. N. Leonova
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
The South ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Rickettsia Heilongjiangensis ◽  
Ixodes Ticks ◽  
Causative Agents

The Khasan district, located in the south of the Primorsky Krai, borders with the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and  the People’s Republic of China (PRC). This determines the special  importance in terms of epizootological observations of the causative  agents of vector-borne tick infections. To date, such studies have not  been carried out in the Khasan district.Aims: to show infections of ixodid ticks in the south of Primorsky Krai (in the Khasansky District), causative agents of viral and bacterial tick-borne infections.Materials and methods. During the period of 2017, 387 specimens of ixodid ticks were collected from the vegetation. The study of collected ticks was carried out using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method.Results. RNA of the TBE virus was detected in 1.1 %, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA in 12.5 %, Borrelia miyamotoi DNA in 0.6 %, Anaplasma phagocytophillum DNA in 4 %, Ehrlichia chaffeensis /  Ehrlichia muris DNA in 1.7 %. In 8 %, rickettsia DNA was detected,  of which Rickettsia heilongjiangensis in 12 cases. Seven cases of  mixed infection of various species of ticks with two pathogens were detected.Conclusions. The data obtained suggest that the pathogens of infections transmitted by ixodid ticks can circulate not only  throughout the border area of the south of the Primorsky Krai  (Khasansky District) but also in the adjacent territories of the PRC and DPRK.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Borrelia miyamotoi in ixodid ticks in the Far East of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 192-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia M. Pukhovskaya ◽  
Olga V. Morozova ◽  
Nelya P. Vysochina ◽  
Nadejda B. Belozerova ◽  
Leonid I. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Far East ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Far East Of Russia ◽  
The Far East

scholarly journals 80 Years on Guard of Biological Safety at the Eastern Borders of Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
TS Zaporozhets ◽  
NN Besednova ◽  
AV Kalinin ◽  
MYu Shchelkanov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Far East ◽  
The South ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Biological Safety ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Research Institute

Background: The Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.P. Somov (1917–2009), D.M.Sc., Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, an outstanding Soviet and Russian epidemiologist and microbiologist, was founded in May 1941. Over the past 80 years, the institute has played an important role in the socio-economic development of Primorye by ensuring biological safety in the south of the Far East known for its Russian largest foci of natural focal infections. The purpose of this review is to describe the milestones of the development and eighty years of activities of Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Vladivostok, intertwining with the history of Russian health care and medical science. A new stage in the development of the institute began in September 2020 when, by Order of the Russian Government No. 2276-r of September 7, 2020, the Institute was included in the structure of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor). Materials and methods: We have searched for appropriate data for 1928–2020 in the archives of the Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, State Archives of the Primorsky Krai and the city of Vladivostok, as well as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Springer, and Google Scholar databases. We have also made use of plans and reports of research work, minutes of the Academic Council, orders, and records of the Personnel Department. Results: The article describes the role of the Institute in the development of domestic epidemiology, its cooperation with the sanitary and epidemiological service of the Primorsky Krai, and the main achievements of fundamental and applied studies conducted in order to ensure sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population in the Russian Federation. It also presents biographical information about leading scientists of the Institute, their participation in the development of theoretical and practical aspects of epidemiology, microbiology, and immunology. The article reflects the main short and long-term trends in the development of the Institute including its restructuring and appropriate adjustment of research plans. Conclusions: Entering a new phase of its development with a solid baggage of knowledge and experience, the Institute plans to develop promising research appropriate to the goals of the Concept of Scientific Support for Rospotrebnadzor Bodies and Organizations until 2025 within the framework of the new sectoral program “Scientific Support for Epidemiological Surveillance and Sanitary Protection of the Territory of the Russian Federation”. The tasks set by the Institute are aimed at strengthening its position as one of the key elements of scientific support for biological security in the south of the Russian Far East.

scholarly journals Fruiting estimation of the potentially invasive species Amorpha fruticosa L. in the south of the Russian Far East

2021 ◽  
Vol 941 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
N.A. Kolyada
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The South ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Amorpha Fruticosa ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
The City ◽  
Technical Plant ◽  
The Russian Far East

Abstract In the south of Russian Far East Amorpha fruticosa (Fabaceae Lindl.) is used as ornamental plant. It actively blooms and fruits here and successfully spreads by suckers, rarely by seeds. There are another ways of Amorpha fruticosa application in Primorsky Krai – as melliferous and technical plant for reclamation of disturbed lands and formation of protective field belts. These activities requires a great amount of quality seeds and, in turn, investigation of Amorpha fruticosa seed propagation. The study of the morphological characteristics of fruits from 12 different places in the Primorsky Krai showed that the linear characteristics of the fruits have minor differences but length of racemes and seed germination vary greatly. The longest racemes are detected in the city of Bolshoy Kamen (17.8 cm), the shortest ones – in Nekruglovo settlement (12.7 cm). The largest fruit number has racemes from Partizansk city (152). The weight of 100 fruits varies from 1.16 g (Kraskino settlement) to 0.94 g (city of Bolshoy Kamen). Highest germination capacity is observed in plants at Lake Soldatskoe (91%), the smallest in plants from Strugovka settlement and the city of Bolshoy Kamen (43%). Absence of germination of seeds from Vadimovka settlement is probably caused by pest – American seed beetle, Acanthoscelides pallidipennis.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF INFECTIONS ECOLOGICALLY RELATED TO TICKS IN THE CHELYABINSK REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Alena Borisovna Konkova-Reidman ◽  
D. N. Barsukova ◽  
E. I. Bondarenko ◽  
A. N. Shvalov ◽  
S. V. Lucinina
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Term Monitoring

An analysis of the incidence in the dynamics of years (1998-2018) showed that the leading place among infections transmitted by ixodid ticks in the Chelyabinsk region is occupied by tick-borne tick-borne borreliosis (IKB), tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is less common. Long-term monitoring of the natural foci of TBE and IKB showed their high epizootological potential. In 2018, febrile forms prevailed in the structure of clinical forms of TBE - 61.9%, meningeal and focal forms were found in 28.5% and 9.4%, respectively. Focal forms were represented by meningoencephalitic and polioencephalomyelitis forms with the same frequency of 4.7%. In the structure of the nosological diagnosis of ICD in the South Urals, erythema forms of the disease prevail (69.5%). The detection frequency of Borrelia DNA of the pathogenic complex B.burgdorferi s.l. in the blood serum and leukocyte fraction of patients was 13%. In 4 patients, for the first time in the Chelyabinsk region, DNA of a new Borrelia miyamotoi Borrelia genotype was detected in whole blood samples and in the samples of the leukocyte fraction using PCR-RV. Phylogenetic analysis of B. miyamotoi was carried out on all sequences of glpQ and 23SrRNA gene fragments, deposited at NCBI and homologous sequences of Chelyabinsk-2018 isolates. The disease proceeded in non-erythema form, intoxication syndrome, myalgia, chills were observed in the clinical picture.

scholarly journals Ectoparasites of a steppe lemming Lagurus lagurus Pallas, 1773 in the South Transural region (Kurgan oblast) in connection with the natural foci of tularemia

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
V. P. Starikov
Keyword(s):  
Ural Region ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Water Vole ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Gamasid Mites ◽  
Kurgan Oblast ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Transural Region

Steppe lemming of the South Trans-Ural region is a rare species of open spaces. To the north, its distribution is limited to the subzone of herbbunchgrass steppes and the southern strip of the forest-steppe subzone. The presented work summarizes the material, which gives the full species composition of the parasitic arthropods of this rodent, and gives quantitative characteristics of ectoparasites. In total 155 individuals and one nest of steppe lemming were examined for ectoparasites. There are 808 parasitic arthropods of 20 species, including 14 species of gamasid mites, 2 species of ixodid ticks and 4 species (subspecies) of fleas. According to the number of individuals of ectoparasites feeding on the steppe lemming, the dominance of gamasid mites is strongly pronounced, both prevailing multi-host species and specific, typical for other rodents (gray and red-backed voles, northern mole vole, Eurasian water vole, northern birch mouse). The contribution of ixodid ticks and fleas to the parasitofauna of the steppe lemming is small. Steppe lemming can be involved in circulation of a causative agent of tularemia in the South Trans-Ural region, but as an additional carrier in maintenance of a foci in biotopes, where it contacts the habitats of the Eurasian water vole.

scholarly journals A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS HYPSOPYGIA HÜBNER (LEPIDOPTERA, PYRALIDAE: PYRALINAE) FROM THE SOUTH OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Kirpichnikova ◽  
Alexander V. Kuprin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
The South ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
A New Species ◽  
The Russian Far East

In this paper a new species (Hypsopygia insolitus, sp. n.) was discovered by taxonomic analysis of the materials collected by the authors in 1975-2005 in the Ussuri and Khasan districts of the Primorsky krai.

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF INFECTIONS ECOLOGICALLY RELATED TO TICKS IN THE CHELYABINSK REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Alena Borisovna Konkova-Reidman ◽  
D. N. Barsukova ◽  
E. I. Bondarenko ◽  
A. N. Shvalov ◽  
S. V. Lucinina
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Term Monitoring

An analysis of the incidence in the dynamics of years (1998-2018) showed that the leading place among infections transmitted by ixodid ticks in the Chelyabinsk region is occupied by tick-borne tick-borne borreliosis (IKB), tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is less common. Long-term monitoring of the natural foci of TBE and IKB showed their high epizootological potential. In 2018, febrile forms prevailed in the structure of clinical forms of TBE - 61.9%, meningeal and focal forms were found in 28.5% and 9.4%, respectively. Focal forms were represented by meningoencephalitic and polioencephalomyelitis forms with the same frequency of 4.7%. In the structure of the nosological diagnosis of ICD in the South Urals, erythema forms of the disease prevail (69.5%). The detection frequency of Borrelia DNA of the pathogenic complex B.burgdorferi s.l. in the blood serum and leukocyte fraction of patients was 13%. In 4 patients, for the first time in the Chelyabinsk region, DNA of a new Borrelia miyamotoi Borrelia genotype was detected in whole blood samples and in the samples of the leukocyte fraction using PCR-RV. Phylogenetic analysis of B. miyamotoi was carried out on all sequences of glpQ and 23SrRNA gene fragments, deposited at NCBI and homologous sequences of Chelyabinsk-2018 isolates. The disease proceeded in non-erythema form, intoxication syndrome, myalgia, chills were observed in the clinical picture.

scholarly journals Biological properties and phylogenetic relationships of tick-borne encephalitis virus (Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) isolates of siberian subtype isolated in the south of East siberia in modern period

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-321
Author(s):  
O. V. Mel’nikova ◽  
R. V. Adel’shin ◽  
K. V. Lopatovskaya ◽  
Yu. T. Trushina ◽  
N. V. Yakovchits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
East Siberia ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Siberian Subtype

Introduction. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is medically most important representative of the same-name serogroup of genus Flavivirus (Flaviviridae). In the view of various researchers there are 3 to 5 TBEV subtypes, of them siberian being the most prevalent. The aim of the work is to compare the biological properties and to reveal phylogenetic relationships of large group of modern (2006–2019) TBEV isolates of siberian subtype from natural foci in southern East Siberia.Material and methods. Ixodid ticks (Ixodidae) and small mammals (Mammalia) from tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) natural foci in Irkutsk Region, Republic of Buryatia and Republic of Tuva, as well as specimens from TBE patients, were examined for TBEV markers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Virus was isolated from suspensions with positive result, and its pathogenicity for white mice (Mus) (WM) was studied by different inoculation ways. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of E gene was performed for isolates at 1st passage. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA X program.Results. The phylogenetic analysis has shown that TBEV of siberian subtype that circulates in natural foci of the studied territory belong to two genetic lines. These lines are «Vasilchenko» and «Zausaev» with a strong predominance of the first. The differences in biological properties between the two groups of strains have been demonstrated. Most of the strains from both groups showed high virulence for WM both after intracerebral and subcutaneous inoculation. Only four strains demonstrated the reduced ability to overcome the blood-brain barrier. However, the analysis of the E protein coding sequences revealed evident correlation between phylogenetic clustering and geographical origin of isolates, but not with TBE host or pathogenicity for WM.Conclusion. Further search for TBE genome regions associated with pathogenicity require the analysis of complete genome sequences of representative group of strains with different biological properties.

scholarly journals Tick-borne encephalitis in the Far East focal region of the Eurasian continent

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
Galina N. Leonova
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Far East ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Focal Region ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Eurasian Continent ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Far Eastern

The analysis of the activity of natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in the Far Eastern Federal District (Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, the Jewish Autonomous and Amur Regions), represented by a single Sikhote-Alin focal region was performed. Endemic territories of China, Korea, Japan are adjacent to this focal region. In the last decade the decrease of the infection rate in ixodid ticks and the morbidity of TBE compared to the 1990s was observed. Data on the infection rates in ixodid ticks based on ELISA, PCR and TBEV isolation are often discrepant. Active circulation of TBEV that involved dominant and less significant species of ixodid ticks and mouse-like rodents has been demonstrated since 1952 in China, since the 1990s in Japan and since 2011 in South Korea. The circulation of TBEV strains of the Far Eastern subtype was determined in all these territories. The exception was 7 strains isolated in South Korea, which appeared to be the European subtype based on the results of molecular genetic analysis. Two new strains of TBEV from the organs of wild rodents Marmota himalayana were isolated in 2017 in the territories of previously unknown natural foci in the Tien Shan, China. The genetic divergence of these strains from three TBEV subtypes allowed us to establish the existance of a new Himalayan TBEV subtype (Him-TBEV), which, according to the authors, has been "hidden" for hundreds of years. One can also speculate the processes of emergence of new TBEV subtypes The most complete picture of the Far Eastern population of TBEV was obtained in the last decade of the twentieth century, which served as the basis and impetus for the study and comparative analysis of the differences in numerous strains of TBEV isolated on the territory of the Eurasian continent.

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