scholarly journals Ectoparasites of a steppe lemming Lagurus lagurus Pallas, 1773 in the South Transural region (Kurgan oblast) in connection with the natural foci of tularemia

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
V. P. Starikov
Keyword(s):  
Ural Region ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Water Vole ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Gamasid Mites ◽  
Kurgan Oblast ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Transural Region

Steppe lemming of the South Trans-Ural region is a rare species of open spaces. To the north, its distribution is limited to the subzone of herbbunchgrass steppes and the southern strip of the forest-steppe subzone. The presented work summarizes the material, which gives the full species composition of the parasitic arthropods of this rodent, and gives quantitative characteristics of ectoparasites. In total 155 individuals and one nest of steppe lemming were examined for ectoparasites. There are 808 parasitic arthropods of 20 species, including 14 species of gamasid mites, 2 species of ixodid ticks and 4 species (subspecies) of fleas. According to the number of individuals of ectoparasites feeding on the steppe lemming, the dominance of gamasid mites is strongly pronounced, both prevailing multi-host species and specific, typical for other rodents (gray and red-backed voles, northern mole vole, Eurasian water vole, northern birch mouse). The contribution of ixodid ticks and fleas to the parasitofauna of the steppe lemming is small. Steppe lemming can be involved in circulation of a causative agent of tularemia in the South Trans-Ural region, but as an additional carrier in maintenance of a foci in biotopes, where it contacts the habitats of the Eurasian water vole.

scholarly journals Communities of the class Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Soó 1947 in Mesyagutovskaya and Krasnoufimskaya forest-steppes (the Middle Cis-Ural region)

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Zolotareva ◽  
A. Yu. Korolyuk ◽  
S. M. Yamalov
Keyword(s):  
Ural Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Steppe Species ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Diagnostic Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Rocky Habitats

There is a series of forest-steppe islands in the forest zone of the Middle Cis-Ural region. Two of these (Krasnoufimskaya and Mesyagutovskaya forest-steppes) of the considerable size and are of great interest for the study of steppe and meadow-steppe vegetation diversity in the northern locations of the Cis-Urals region. In the recent decades the studies of Mesyagutovskaya forest-steppe herbaceous vegetation with their syntaxonomy were done (Yamalov, Kucherova, 2009; Yamalov et al., 2013). For Krasno­ufimskaya forest-steppe such research was not carried out. Our aim was to make the revision of previously described syntaxa on this territory using the new data and to determine their position within the class Festuco-Brometea according to modern views. Existence of the forest-steppe landscape in the forest zone of Middle Cis-Urals region is due tothebarrier effect of the Ufa Plateau, intercepting part of the rainfall coming from the Atlantic transport. The climate of the study area is continental with moderately cold winter and moderately warm summer. Bedrocks here are limestones, sandstones and slates. The extrazonal northern forest-steppe extends for two degrees in the latitudinal direction. Mountainousness increases from the north to the south, while the climate becomes drier and warmer (Table 1). The central part of Krasnoufimskaya forest-steppe is flat; its agricultural development began in 17th century, so therefore the steppe areas were preserved only on the slopes of river valleys and hills. The territory of Mesyagutovskaya forest-steppe is more mountainous, therefore, the number of preserved steppe plots here is greater than in the Krasnoufimsk area (Fig. 2, 8). The initial dataset includes 295 relevés collected in the course of the field study in 2007–2014 in some locations of the Sverdlovsk Region and the Bashkor­tostan Republic. After the revision according to EuroVegChecklist Expert System (Mucina et al., 2016) the relevés previously assigned to the class Moli­nio-Arrhenatheretea were excluded, thus the data of this paper are based on the analysis of 260 relevés. All relevés were classified using the modified TWINSPAN algorithm (Roleček et al., 2009) in JUICE 7.0 (Tichý, 2002). According to TWINSPAN results the dataset was divided into 9 groups which formed two clusters (Fig. 1). Each of them is differentiated by group of species: cluster A — by the meso-xerophyte species of meadow steppes and xeric meadows, including 18 diagnostic species of the order Brachypodietalia pinnati (syn. Brometalia erecti) (Willner et al., 2017, 2019): Amoria montana, Brachypodium pinnatum, Carex caryophyllea, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis, Lathyrus pratensis, Leucanthemum vulgare, Ranunculus polyanthemos, Trifolium pratense, Vicia cracca, etc.; cluster B — by the widespread steppe species, including diagnostic ones of the class Festuco-Brometea (Anemone sylvestris, Artemisia latifolia, Campanula sibirica, Koeleria cristata, Scabiosa ochroleuca, Stipa capillata) and the order Helictotricho-Stipetalia (Helictotrichon desertorum, Onosma simplicissima, Oxy­tropis pilosa, Pilosella echioides, Potentilla humifusa, Salvia stepposa) (Korolyuk, 2017). Thus, cluster A combines meadow steppes and xeric meadows on rich soil habitats, and these communities correspond to the order Brachypodietalia pinnati. Cluster B combines petrophytic steppes on dry rocky habitats of insolated slopes, and these communities correspond to the order Helictotricho-Stipetalia. Ordination showed that such ecological factors as habitat moisture, soil fertility and rockiness are important in differentiation of syntaxa of the class Festuco-Brometea (Fig. 13). The vegetation of the class Festuco-Brometea in the northern forest-steppe of the Cis-Urals region belongs to 2 orders, 6 associations, 9 subassociations, 2 variants and 3 communities. Among them 1 association (Centaureo sibiricae–Stipetum pulcherrimae Yamalov ass. nov. hoc loco), 9 subassociations (Leucanthemo vulgaris–Stipetum pennatae typicum subass. nov. hoc loco, L. v.–S. p. festucetosum pratensis subass. nov. hoc loco, L. v.–S. p. vicietosum tenuifoliae subass. nov. hoc loco, Drabo sibiricae–Primu­letum macrocalycis typicum subass. nov. hoc loco, D. s.–P. m. potentilletosum humifusae subass. nov. hoc loco, Fragario viridis–Caraganetum fruticis poetosum angustifoliae Yamalov subass. nov. hoc loco, Stipo pennatae–Centauretum sibiricae typicum subass. nov. hoc loco, S. p.–C. s. polygonatetosum odorati subass. nov. hoc loco, S. p.–C. s. polygaletosum sibiricae subass. nov. hoc loco) and 3 communities (Spiraea crenata, Festuca valesiaca–Alyssum tortuosum, Anthemis subtinctoria–Aster alpinus) are new. One association (Stipo pennatae–Centauretum sibiricae Yamalov et al. ex Zolotareva, Korolyuk, Yamalov ass. nov. hoc loco) has been validated. Syntaxa of the order Brachypodietalia pinnati represent the base of the class Festuco-Brometea in the study area. Currently, only meadow steppes of the ass. Leucanthemo vulgaris–Stipetum pennatae are widespread throughout the extrazonal forest-steppe. Steppe-meadows of the ass. Drabo sibiricae–Primuletum macrocalycis) are found in the Mesyagutovskaya area; in the northern part the same landscape positions are occupied by communities of the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. The steppe shrubs in the northern and the southern parts of the forest-steppe area are also different: in the south these are dominated by Caragana frutex and corresponds to the ass. Fragario viridis–Caraganetum fruticis, in the north (Krasnoufimskaya area) Caragana frutex is not found and shrub communitiesaredominated by Spiraea crenata (Fig. 2). Syntaxa of the order Helictotricho-Stipetalia occur on limestones exposures. Currently, the petrophytic steppes of the ass. Stipo pennatae–Centauretum sibiri­cae are known overall in the extrazonal forest-steppe, while the communities of the ass. Centaureo sibiricae–Stipetum pulcherrimae are registered only in the southern part of Mesyagutovskaya forest-steppe; northwards locations of this association diagnostic species are rare, some of these are absent in the Krasnoufimskaya forest-steppe area. The other syntaxa of petrophytic steppes with many relict and endemic species occur locally on the slopes of ancient reeves due to the unique combination of factors (Fig. 8).

Information about the fauna of ixodid ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) in the north of the Aktobe region

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
Zh.U. Katuova ◽  
Z.Z. Sayakova ◽  
A.Zh. Zhaymakhova ◽  
T.T. Koylybayev ◽  
R.A. Utemisova
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Many ◽  
Intensive Development

The territory of the Aktobe region is unfavorable for some zoonotic infectious diseases, which are carried by blood-sucking arthropods. Feeding on the blood of obviously sick wild animals in natural foci, bloodsuckers can attack livestock and people and thereby contribute to the transfer of infectious agents to human settlements. Ixodid ticks are one of the many bloodsuckers capable of preserving and transmitting pathogens of especially dangerous infections to susceptible animals and humans. In the conditions of intensive development of transport communications on the territory of the Aktobe region, ixodids, as carriers of infectious agents, may present serious dangers. Despite many years of research, the tick fauna of the Aktobe region has not been completely studied. In 2018-2020, we conducted studies of ixodids in the north of the Aktobe region to clarify the current state of their fauna. Studies of ticks were carried out in inhibited areas of fi ve districts of the region in natural biotopes, with wild and agricultural animals according to the generally accepted method. As a result of studies in the north of the Aktobe region, the habitat of 5 species of ticks belonging to three genera were revealed: Dermacentor, Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus. Key words: fauna, ixodid ticks, vectors, range, Dermacentor, Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus

scholarly journals The Sites of the Early Nomads on the North-East Periphery of the Sarmatian World

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Aleksander Tairov
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Burial Site ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Burial Rites ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

The paper publishes new materials of the early Sarmatian time from the North-East periphery of the Sarmatian World – the Southern forest-steppe and steppe zones of the Trans-Ural region within the bounds of the modern Chelyabinsk region. The territory of the Southern forest-steppe is represented by the materials of the ruined burial, which is situated on the shore of the lake Smolino within the bounds of Chelyabinsk. It is dated by the early 4th century BC. There are three accidental finds from this region: iron daggers as well. The daggers with curved bar-shaped pommels and arcuate cross-guards are classified as daggers of “transitional type” and are dated by the 4th century BC. The third dagger with a semicircular pommel and a straight cross-guard is included in the group of classical Prokhorovka daggers and is dated the 3rd – 2nd centuries BC. This paper presents the materials of two peculiar burial complexes from the steppe zone of the Southern Trans-Urals. The burial near Mogutovka village is the only one burial (without a barrow) of the early Sarmatian time, which was investigated in the Southern Trans-Ural region. It is situated on the first terrace above the floodplain of the Kamysty-Ayat river. The localization of the burial is not typical for the sites of the early Trans-Ural nomads of the 1st millennium BC. The early Sarmatian burial of the 3rd – 2nd centuries BC was excavated in Druzhinskiy burial site. It was made in the burial pit, which combines signs of a catacomb and an alcove. A child buried here was dressed in a shirt, whose collar and sleeves were decorated with beading. Publishing materials will help to expand the point of view on burial rites and material culture of the early Trans-Ural nomads of the early Sarmatian time, which exists in scientific literature.

The unfavorable epizootic situation on nematode infestation of populations of the sable Martes zibellina and the pine marten M. martes in Western Siberia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
Жигилева ◽  
O. Zhigileva ◽  
Усламина ◽  
I. Uslamina
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Pine Marten ◽  
The South ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Pine Martens

Objective of research: to study the nematode infestation of the sable and pine marten in Western Siberia. Materials and methods: Altogether 169 individuals of the sable and 18 — of the pine marten were investigated using the method of partial dissection of the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. Animals were caught according to the hunting license in 2009-2011 and 2014-2015, in 8 areas of Western Siberia from the south taiga to the northern forest-steppe. Results and discussion: We have found four species of parasitic nematodes, two of which (Crenosoma petrovi, Filaroides martis) were localized in lungs and two species (Capillaria putorii, Strongyloides martis) — in the intestine of the sable and the pine marten. Prevalence of lung nematodes was 80%, intestine nematodes — 40%. Intensity of infestation ranged from 26 to 358 nematodes per animal. F. martis is the most pathogenic and most common helminth in martens in Western Siberia. 53,3% of pine martens and 26,5% of sables were infected with this nematode species. Nematode S. martis is the most abundant in the intestine. In pine martens the extensity of invasion was 42,8%, the abundance index — 8.29 helminths per animal; in sables — 9,1% and 1.18, respectively. Pine martens were infected by F. martes and S. martis more than sables (p — 0,05). Prevalence increases in the direction from the North East (taiga) to the South West (sub-taiga), which determines the intensity of the helminthiases focus in biocenoses of Western Siberia. Infection of pine martens in the forest-steppe was not detected. In 2014–2015 compared with the previous study period (2009–2011) the extensity of invasion with intestinal nematodes increased by 1,5–2 times, and with highly pathogenic lung parasites — by 3 times. The increase in the helminth infestation may be explained by the growth of animal population density.

scholarly journals BRONZE CROSS-SHAPED PLAQUES AS A CHRONOLOGY INDICATOR OF SKYTHIAN KURGANS OF THE NORTH PONTIC REGION OF THE SECOND — THIRD QUARTER OF THE 4th CENTURY BC

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
S. V. Polin ◽  
М. N. Daragan
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Main Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Made In

In the Scythian kurgans of the IVth century BC in the Northern Black Sea region, 31 bronze cruciform plaques were found. Such plaques are found mainly in male graves and much less often in female ones. These plaques were used as quiver buckles and for attaching the quiver to the belt. The main zone of concentration of cross-shaped plaques finds covers is the territory of the Lower Dnieper region, directly to the Dnieper. Apparently, this indicates that they were made in this region, where their place of manufacture could be only Kamenskoe hillfort, which was the center of metallurgy and metalworking in Steppe Scythia. From here they diverged south-east to Sivash within the present-day Kherson region, and much further north to the forest-steppe within the present-day right-bank Cherkasy and left-bank Kiev regions. Cross-shaped plaques are indicators of the advance of the steppe Scythians from the Lower Dnieper region to the north in the Ukrainian forest-steppe, to the west as far as the Lower Danube and very close to the south-east to Sivash. The latter direction, apparently, corresponds to migrations to winter pastures. More than half of all finds of cross-shaped plaques reliably date from within the second to third quarters of the IVth century BC, which gives every reason to assume the same dating for the complexes, where there are no own dating materials. In general, such bronze cross-shaped plaques are a reliable chronological indicator Scythian burials of the Northern Black Sea region of the second — third quarter of the IVth century BC, and also partly ethnic.

scholarly journals Сhange of 1xodidae population in i connection with anthropogenic transformation of landscapes on the boundary of forest and forest-steppe zones of the middle volga region

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
S. V. Alemasova ◽  
V. A. Boiko ◽  
N. I. Boroznov ◽  
O. K. Gracheva ◽  
G. I. Zybin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Middle Volga

Within the last 60 years in the region studied the joint inhabitance zone of I. ricinus and I. persulcatus displaced in the North-East direction and the D. reticulatus natural habitat significantly expanded to the North- West. These regional changes depend on the temperature rise of climate, the decrease of precipitation and change of species and age of afforestation. Decay of epidemiologic stress of natural foci of the tick borne encephalitis, Lyme disease, and strengthening the epizootologic valency of foci of pyroplasmosis, nuttaliosis as well as epidemiologic f importance of natural foci of tularemia of meadowfield type would be expected in further expansion of the boundaries of I. ricinus, D. reticulatus natural habitat and contraction of the inhabitance zone of I. persulcatus on the territories cleared of the latter species.

scholarly journals Number and Distribution of the Narrow-Headed Vole Lasiopodomys gregalis (Pallas, 1779) (Cricetidae, Rodentia) in Western Siberia

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-227
Author(s):  
A. A. Kislyi ◽  
Yu. S. Ravkin ◽  
I. N. Bogomolova ◽  
S. M. Tsybulin ◽  
V. P. Starikov
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
West Siberian Plain ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Structural Graph ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
River Valleys

According to the data collected in the second half of summer for the period from 1954 to 2016 in the flat and mountainous parts of Western Siberia, the distribution and number of the narrow-headed vole in the zonal and provincial aspects were analyzed. Based on the cluster analysis of the matrix of similarity coefficients of abundance indicators obtained by averaging the initial data by years and groups of geobotanical maps units, the classification of habitats according to the favorable environmental conditions degree for the vole is made. The averaged samples are divided into five types of favorability: from optimal, where the abundance of the species is highest in the whole studied area, to extreme, where it is not encountered. In the South of the West Siberian plain narrow-headed vole prefers steppes, and in the subarctic tundras – communities of river valleys. In the Altai and Kuznetsk-Salair mountain regions it is most common in the subalpine light forests, tundras and tundra-steppe of the North-Western and SouthEastern Altai. On average, this vole prefers open habitats in Western Siberia. According to the classification and the structural graph, the dependence of the vole abundance on a number of factors and their inseparable combinations (enviromental and anthropogenic regimes) was revealed. The greatest connection with its distribution in the habitats of Western Siberia is traced for heat and water availability. On the plain, the number of this vole increases from the middle taiga, where it is found only once, to the subzone of the subarctic tundras in the North and to the forest-steppe and steppe zones in the South. In the mountains its more in the South-Eastern Altai, where a relatively high proportion of the most favorable for narrow-headed vole habitats.

scholarly journals CONCERNING THE PROBLEM OF IDENTIFYING THE SСYTHIAN CENTERS OF POWER IN EASTERN EUROPE IN THE VII—VI centuries BC

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
S. V. Маkhortykh
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Military Elite

The analysis of the Scythian burials of the 7th—6th centuries BC in the south of Eastern Europe, allowed the author to identify several groups of monuments located in the North Caucasus and Ukrainian forest-steppe: Central Ciscaucasian, Kuban, Posulsko-Vorsklinskaya and Kyiv-Cherkasskaya. The clusters of kurgans associated with these groups include burials of the Scythian military elite together with large «royal» tumuli.

Transmissible tick-borne infections in the south of the Far East

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Valeriya Alexandrovna Lubova ◽  
Anna Leonidovna Shutikova ◽  
Galina Nikolaevna Leonova
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
The South ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Epidemiological Monitoring ◽  
Natural Foci

Natural foci of tick-borne infections associated with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), borrelia (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato), including Borrelia miyamotoi, anaplasma, ehrlichia and rickettsia are widespread in the Primorsky Krai. The carriers of these pathogens are ixodid ticks. The population of Primorsky Krai meets with ticks in natural biotopes, as well as in anthropurgic foci. The aim of the study is to give a comparative assessment of the epizootic activity in the natural foci of transmissible tick-borne infections in the south of Primorsky Krai in the epidemic seasons of 2017–2020. In this periodixodid ticks (3778 samples), taken from humans in natural foci in the Primorsky Territory, were studied. The TBEV antigen was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), genetic markers of pathogens were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The incidence of tick-borne infections has been analyzed. Based on the results of monitoring the infection of ixodid ticks, we found that 26.9 % of the studied samples were infected with various pathogens of tick-borne infections. Low infection rate of TBEV in ixodid ticks and high infection with pathogens of a bacterial nature were established. TBEV antigen was detected in 30 cases (1.4 %), TBEV RNA was detected in 20 cases (0.7 %), Borrelia burgdorferis. l. DNA — in 820 cases (30.7 %), ehrlichia — in 64 (2.4 %), anaplasma — in 55 (2.1 %).Genetic marker of Rickettsia spp. was detected in 3 cases (0.9 %) out of 322 examined ixodid ticks, B. miyamotoi — in 26 cases (6.9 %) out of 373 examined samples. A positive correlation was noted between the incidence rates and the cases of detection of TBEV and Lyme borreliosis in ticks. The results obtained indicate the need for annual epidemiological monitoring of infections transmitted by ixodid ticks, to determine the real epidemic situation and the activity of the functioning natural foci transmissible tick-borne infections on the territory of Primorsky Krai.

Epidemiological features of ixodes tick-borne borrelioses in the regions of the center of the European part of Russia

2017 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
M.V. Polishchuk ◽  
T.D. Zdol'nik
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
European Part ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
The North ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Natural Foci

The analysis of the level and long-term dynamics of the incidence of ixodic tick-borne borreliosis, the population's appeal for tick bites and the infection of mites with Borrelia burgdorferi sl. in the Moscow, Ryazan and Tula regions. An annual increase in the incidence of Lyme disease in the direction from the south to the north, from the forest-steppe to the southern taiga, was determined, due to the frequency of contacts of the population with Ixodes persulcatus Shulze 1930 and I. ricinus L. 1758. At the same time, a statistically significant relationship between the incidence of mites infection and the incidence of Lyme disease in The studied regions are not observed. The obtained results testify to a tense epidemic situation in the center of the European part of Russia and the need to implement all components of surveillance for the natural foci of the Lyme disease.

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