From the history of the problem of oil transportation and storage. Contribution of Shukhov V.G.

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
L. R. Yurenkova ◽  
N. V. Bilash
Keyword(s):  
Oil Industry ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Steel Tanks ◽  
Cylindrical Steel Tanks ◽  
And Storage

A significant part of the oil consumed in the world is transported from production and processing sites to consumers via tankers and pipelines. According to experts' forecasts, the demand for oil and petroleum products in the coming years will be significantly higher than in 2020. In Russia, the oil transportation market is developing in several directions. The main directions are investing in pipeline transport and improving the design of tanks for storing oil and petroleum products. The article considers the contribution of the great Russian engineer V.G. Shukhov to the solution of the problem of oil transportation and storage and in general to the development of the oil industry. In the article "Oil Pipelines" (1884) and in the book "Pipelines and their application in the oil industry" (1894), V.G. Shukhov gave precise mathematical formulae for describing the processes of oil and fuel oil flowing through pipelines, creating a classical theory of oil pipelines. He is the author of the projects of the first Russian main pipelines: Baku-Batumi with a length of 883 km (1907) and Grozny-Tuapse with a length of 618 km (1928). Shukhov V.G. designed and then supervised the construction of oil pipelines of the companies "Branobel", "G.M. Lianozova and sons" and the world's first heated fuel oil pipeline. Working in the oil fields in Baku, Shukhov V.G. developed the basics of lifting and pumping oil products, proposed a method of lifting oil using compressed air — airlift, developed a calculation method and technology for the construction of cylindrical steel tanks for oil storage facilities.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE VALUE OF OIL LOSS DURING THE SEALING OF THE LINEAR PART OF THE PIPELINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
V. T. Bolonny
Keyword(s):  
Linear Part ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
System Failures ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Oil Leakage ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Pollution Area

The characteristics of the oil transportation system of Ukraine are presented, the emergency risks of domestic oil transportation pipeline sys­tems are established. The analysis of the accident rate of oil pipeline trans­port in Ukraine was carried out. The technique for estimating emergency oil leakages in the main pipeline depending on the energy characteristics of the fluid flow and changes in its level in the cross section is developed allowing to determine the volume of oil leakages into the environment from the de­tection of pressure drop to the establishment of stationary conditions of the pipeline operation and its final stop for the purpose of carrying out repairs. Based on the results of the calculations, the graphs which demonstrate the nature of the formation of soil pollution area by leakage from the pipeline are constructed. The linear part of the main oil pipelines is the most dangerous object, as all emergency situations are associated with emergency processes of dif­ferent intensity in the form of oil leakage into the environment and in fact are dangerous when system failures appear. The process and the time period for the formation of the ecological danger zone depend on the amount of oil leakage, its intensity. Emergency leakages of oil and petroleum products from pipelines enter the environment, which is often the soil, forming an area of gassiness, and then reach the surface, polluting the atmosphere.

Peculiarities of the operation of the oil pipeline in the process of its cleaning from paraffin deposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (106) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
M.D. Serediuk
Keyword(s):  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Viscoplastic Fluid ◽  
Hydrodynamic Process ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Cleaning Device ◽  
Additional Resistance

Purpose: Improving the technology of cleaning the inner surface of the main oil pipelines from paraffin deposition by specifying the hydrodynamic parameters of the movement of the cleaning device in the cavity of the pipeline, by more accurate prediction of the time of its approach to the final point of purification. Design/methodology/approach: Performing theoretical researches and application of mathematical modelling methods in order to establish the regularities of the cleaning device movement in the oil pipeline. Findings: Regularities of changes in the capacity of the pipeline, the speed of the cleaning process, the specific energy consumption for oil transportation as a function of the linear coordinates of the place and time of the cleaning device movement in the pipeline were established. Research limitations/implications: The next stage of research is to establish the influence of the characteristics of the viscoplastic fluid of the paraffin plug on the additional resistance and the mode of the cleaning device movement in the pipeline. Practical implications: It was developed the method that allows predicting the capacity and energy efficiency of the pipeline operation for each point in time of the process of cleaning from paraffin deposition. Originality/value: The originality of the method is the taking into account the additional hydraulic resistance of the paraffin plug and the available energy resources of oil pumping stations on the hydrodynamic process of moving the cleaning device in the oil pipeline.

scholarly journals The geography of the “Oil pipeline wars” in the context of Russia’s interaction with the countries of the Baltic region

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
T. I. Pototskaya
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Oil Export ◽  
The Baltic

The article analyses oil pipelines, the operation of which intersects the interests of Russia and the Baltic countries (Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, and Poland). By oil pipeline wars we understand the confrontation between the policy of distancing from Russia in oil transportation to Europe and Russia’s policy of creating alternative, more economically effective and safe ways of oil transportation to Europe. Reflecting relations between countries, several groups of oil pipelines have been identified: the main pipelines, alternative ones, and indirectly related to the interests of the Baltic countries. The article describes geographical factors affecting the position of countries in the region analysed: the level of oil supply (Russia), the level of the development of oil refining (Lithuania, Belarus, Poland) and transport and geographical location of the territory. Special attention has been paid to the main instruments used by the countries in this confrontation. The Baltic and the Black Sea strategies of oil export have been analysed from the comparative and geographical points of view. Several important conclusions have been made: there was a redistribution of routes of Russia’s crude oil export to Europe during the post-Soviet period accompanied by an increase in the importance of the marine component (due to the Baltic and the Black Sea ports); there was a weakening of the importance of the Baltic region for Russia’s oil export; and the strengthening of interconnections between Russia’s export oil pipelines. The article stresses the importance of oil pipeline transport for the formation of the barrier function of the state borders of the post-Soviet countries.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF OPERATING MODES OF MAIN OIL PIPELINES WITH PERIODICAL PARTIAL OIL DUMPING

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Y. V. Yakymiv ◽  
O. M. Bortnyak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
The Impact

Modern oil transportation systems are characterized by a complex hydraulic structure and geometric configuration, and often require the need for a permanent or periodic pumping or dumping part of the oil flow. The implementation of such transportation technology necessarily leads to changes in the operating conditions of oil pipelines and in accordance with the need to regulate the operation of oil pumping stations. Consequently, determining the patterns of the impact of the process of dumping the part of the oil on the energy parameters of the operation of oil transportation systems is an extremely important task.The influence of periodic dumping the part of oil on the energy efficiency of the operation of main oil pipelines was studied. The impact of volume of discharges on the consumption of power on pumping oil in the system of the main oil pipeline was analyzed. It has been found that with the increase the volume of discharges, the specific consumption of electricity for oil pumping decreases.Based on the carried research, the recommendations on the selection of reliable, safe and optimal pumping modes in terms of cost of electricity for the operation of oil pipelines "Druzhba" in the direction of Mozyr - Brody - Tukholsky pass with periodical partial oil dumping on LPDS "Brody".

Oil Storage and Transport Equipment, with Special Reference to the Application of Welding

1933 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 685-699
Author(s):  
R. E. Adlington
Keyword(s):  
Oil Industry ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
Transport Equipment ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

Primarily owing to the special nature of the fluids handled in the oil industry, welding has thoroughly established itself, and is being increasingly employed in all phases of oil refining and handling. Various types of tanks, treatment vessels, and pipe lines of all-welded construction are now being used for the most searching fluids, with complete absence of the joint leakage which occurred with the older methods of construction. Welding methods also show substantial reductions in material and site costs. In order to indicate the very large number of examples of welded construction as applied to the storage and transport of oil, the subject is dealt with on the basis of a flow sheet which shows generally how an oil, found abroad and conveyed to this country for refining, is handled from the time it leaves the well until it is ready for the consumer. Reference is mostly made to commonly used liquid petroleum products such as motor spirit, lubricating oil, furnace, and Diesel oil. The handling of these products is described with reference to the methods employed by one or two well known concerns, but such methods are typical of those employed in other parts of the world.

Estimation of temporary decommissioning impact on reliability and durability of oil pipelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 1-2 (94) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
L. Poberezhny ◽  
R. Martyniuk ◽  
A. Stanetsky ◽  
L. Poberezhna ◽  
O. Tkach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fatigue Curve ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Purpose: Due to changes in the volume of oil transportation, part of the pipelines must be temporarily decommissioned. The purpose of the work is theoretical and experimental study of pressure fluctuations during operation of oil pipelines and their impact on the durability of the pipeline material in work state and after temporary decommissioning (conservation). Design/methodology/approach: The results of oil pressure fluctuation research have given a chance to choose the terms of experimental research providing of the pipe metal mechanical features changes research during oil pipeline exploitation. Findings: Fatigue test modes are selected based on the calculations of the mathematical model developed. Experimental studies of the dependence of the fatigue strength of the pipe material on the conditions of operation have been carried out, which made it possible to determine the parameters of the fatigue curve of the samples. Has been defined that fatigue strength for the new metal pipe samples is more for 20-25% than for the metal samples which had the contacts with lime milk and for 30-40% more than for metal samples which were under exploitation. Research limitations/implications: In the future, more combination of "pipe material – preservation medium" should be explored to establish pain of general regularities. Practical implications: The probabilistic curves of the pipeline non-destruction are constructed, which will be used for practical calculations of the reliability and durability of the 13G1S-U steel pipelines. Originality/value: Mathematical model is made that describes non-stationary oil moves in oil pipeline, that has been caused by jump like changes of oil supply in oil pipeline, on this basis was defined, that oil pressure in oil pipeline provides within non stationary process in a range of 0.4-0.6 Hz frequency and amplitude fluctuation of pressure is 0.1-0.5 MPa.

scholarly journals Legal and instututional framework for promoting oil pipeline security in Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-224
Author(s):  
Amalachukwu Okafor ◽  
Ayobami Olaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Militant Groups

Oil pipelines are no ordinary assets, and their security is of utmost importance especially in a country like Nigeria where oil pipelines are the major means of transporting crude oil. Nigeria relies on this means of transportation, which has been the victim of various physical attacks over the years by vandals and militant groups. This has affected the transportation of crude oil, which isthe most important resource sustaining the Nigerian economy, putting it in jeopardy. This article appraises the efficacy of relevant Nigerian legislation providing for oil pipelines security; highlights the weaknesses of the current regulatory arrangement, and suggests legal reforms to make oil transportation through pipelines efficient, effective and secure in Nigeria. These reforms include the need to have a comprehensive legislation on oil pipeline security; the need to review relevant legislation providing for the security of oil pipelines in Nigeria; proper funding of the security agencies saddled with the overall responsibility for managing as well as safeguarding the pipelines to ensure their productivity; and overhauling the entire security apparatus put in place to protect oil pipelines in Nigeria by having a sustainable and strategic approach to dealing with oil pipeline insecurity.Keywords: Pipelines, Oil, Vandalism, Sabotage, Security.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC ROLE OF OIL PIPELINES IN EU ENERGY SUPPLY

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Gordana Sekulić ◽  
Dragan Kovačević ◽  
Damir Vrbić ◽  
Vladislav Veselica ◽  
Dominik Kovačević
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Oil Supply ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
And Storage

The oil pipelines have a strategic importance in the energy supply of the European Union (EU), especially given the fact that in the next two decades the crude oil will continue to be a dominant energy source, accounting for approx. 30% of the primary energy consumption, along with a reduction in the petroleum product consumption and growth in renewables. Europe has a widespread network of oil pipelines of approx. 22,5 thousand kilometres (without Russia), connecting refineries to import oil ports or to land-based crude oil sources. The refineries of the Central Eastern Europe are supplied mainly from the Druzhba oil pipeline. Recently, these refineries have diversified their crude oil supply routes and sources, by sea imports from the North Sea, the Middle East, Canada and others (Poland) or by the TAL – IKL oil pipelines (Czech Republic) and the JANAF oil pipeline (Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic). Given the insufficient diversification of crude oil supply precisely of the Central Eastern European region, particularly the landlocked countries (and refineries respectively), the EU has envisaged, among the projects of common interests, also six connection oil pipelines with terminals. At the same time, they are the only pipelines planned to be constructed in Europe and financed by the oil companies’ funds. The oil pipeline and storage companies, as well as other oil companies, have a social responsibility as regards the energy supply, yet also a responsibility as regards their successful performance and development, thus investing considerable funds into modernisations, upgrades, protection, safety and security, etc. The oil pipeline companies hastily modify their strategies by expanding business and becoming more and more transport-storage-energy oriented, and by investing in the flow reversal of oil pipelines and connection pipelines, storage capacities, as well as in enhancement of efficiency and flexibility of oil pipeline and storage infrastructures.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of LoRa based sensor node and gateway architecture for oil pipeline management

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 974
Author(s):  
Chavala Lakshmi Narayana ◽  
Rajesh Singh ◽  
Anita Gehlot
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Communication Protocol ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Pipeline Management ◽  
The Internet Of Things

These days, the oil industrial industry is leaning toward employing smart field improvements to streamline various activities in the midstream area. Oil transportation over large distances via pipelines has a cheap cost and high efficiency in this sector. If pipelines are not properly maintained, they may fail, potentially causing catastrophic, long-term, and irreversible consequences on both natural and human conditions. Low power wide area networks (LPWANs) are without a doubt one of the domains that cause the most from industrial fields when it comes to realizing the vision of the internet of things (IoT). Long-range (LoRa) is an emerging LPWAN technology that is particularly useful for transmitting data over long distances. The goal of this work is to offer a methodology for managing oil pipelines over long distances utilizing the LoRa communication protocol and the installation of sensor nodes and LoRa gateways along the pipeline. We also used the optimized network engineering tools (OPNET) simulator to examine various simulation findings of LoRa performance.

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