Assessment of pain and pain relief in children at a dental appointment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
E. N. Anisimova ◽  
N. Yu. Anisimova ◽  
O. S. Kovylina ◽  
I. A. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Dental Appointment ◽  
Analogue Scales

Relevance. Subjective assessment of pain in children is traditionally implemented using visual analogue scales. The need for comfortable dental treatment in children is obvious, therefore, in order to obtain the most reliable data, it is necessary to develop pain rating scales and the effectiveness of pain management in accordance with the age of the child.Purpose. Development of visual analogue scales designed to assess the effectiveness of pain relief when performing outpatient dental interventions in children, depending on the age of the child.Materials and methods. A visual analogue scale was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of pain relief in children at an outpatient dental appointment, in accordance with the age of the child. 100 patients aged 4 to 12 years were examined.Results. The reaction and behaviour of the child during dental treatment using local anesthesia were the basis of the designed pain rating scales. In the age group of 4-7 years, the visual analogue scale was filled in by the doctor, the child and the parent, and in the second group of patients aged 7 to 12 years, the scale was filled in by the child and the doctor, since in this age category children could independently correlate themselves with the picture on the scale.Conclusions. The designed scales of subjective assessment of the effectiveness of local anesthesia in children allow to determine the quality of the studied methods and means of local anesthesia in pediatric dental practice.

scholarly journals Reliability and concurrent validity of visual analogue scale and modified verbal rating scale of pain assessment in adult patients with knee osteoathritis in Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O.B Olaogun ◽  
R. A. Adedoyin ◽  
R. O. Anifaloba
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Verbal Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Patient Pain

The objective of this study was to determine the reliability and concurrent validity of two pain rating scales - Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). The verbal rating scale was modified by translating the English description of subjective pain experience into vernacular (Yoruba) equivalents and rating the knee pain when the patient was  standing with the knee  flexed . Twenty seven patients who were clinically and radiologically diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA) and with knee pain were purposively selected for the study. Two testers (physiotherapists) independently rated the pain experienced by patients, when bearing full weight while standing on the affected leg with slight knee flexion, over a period of several days. For each patient pain was rated with the VAS and the modified VRS (MVRS). There were significant correlations between VAS and MVRS by the same tester (tester 1 and tester2) (r=0.92, p<0.01; r = 0.89,            p<0.01respectively,)) and between VAS and MVRS between tester 1 and tester 2 (r=0.91,p<0.01). There were no significant differences between VAS for tester 1 and VAS for tester 2, and between MVRS for tester 1and MVRS for tester 2 (p> 0.01).  According to this study, the two pain rating scales for knee OA are reliable. Our use of VAS and MVRS togetherwith the procedure involving the flexed knee posture is, therefore, recommended for wider clinical trials.

scholarly journals Surgical Outcome of Microvascular Decompression for Trigerminal Neuralgia in Terms of Pain Control Using Visual Analogue Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
RIAZ-UR- REHMAN ◽  
MUHAMMAD NAWAZ KHAN ◽  
ATTIYA NASIR SIDDIQUE ◽  
AKBAR JAMAL
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Visual Analogue Score ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Good Pain Relief ◽  
Vascular Decompression

Objective:  The aim of conducting this study was to evaluate the outcome of a Micro vascular Decompression procedure for the definitive treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia in our setup. Material and Methods:  This observational prospective study was carried out in Neurosurgery unit Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. A total of 50 patients operated for micro vascular decompression surgeries were enrolled in the study, both genders and any age were in inclusion criteria. Patients previously operated for trigeminal neuralgia were excluded from the study. Post operatively all patients were followed for 1year to calculate the outcome in terms of pain control using visual analogue score (VAS). Immediate pain relief during the first post-operative week and trigeminal neuralgia pain at 1 year post op were recorded and  graded into three categories based on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) such as Excellent: 0-2 , Good: 3-6, Fail/Poor: 7 – 10. Results:  50 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 22 were male & 28 were female with an age range from 42-78 years. Average duration of disease was 5 years. In 30 patients, clinically v2-v3 were predominantly involved, in remaining 14 patient v1-v2 were involved & only in 6 patients all three branches were involved. Among all operated 50 patients 18(36%) had excellent pain relief, 26 (52%) had good pain relief & 6 (12%) had fail/poor pain relief. Conclusion:  From this data it was concluded that micro vascular decompression is an effective surgical procedure in relieving pain of trigeminal neuralgia in patients who are refractive to medical treatment.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Two Pain Scales in the Assessment of Dental Pain in East Delhi Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Khatri ◽  
Namita Kalra
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Dental Extraction ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pain Rating Scale

Pain is the most common symptom of oral diseases. Pain perception in children is highly variable and unreliable due to poor communication. Therefore we designed a study to compare pain measurement techniques, that is, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Wong-Baker faces pain rating scale (WBFPS) among Delhi children aged 3 to 14 years undergoing dental extraction. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 180 patients aged 3 to 14 years who had undergone dental extraction. Children were assessed for their pain sensitivity using visual analogue scale (VAS) and Wong-Baker faces pain rating scale (WBFPS ). Result and Conclusion. Pain threshold tends to decline, and the self-management of pain becomes more effective with increasing age. Genderwise result shows that communication ability of boys and girls is similar in all age groups.

Comparison of the PainMatcher and the Visual Analogue Scale for assessment of labour pain following administered pain relief treatment

Midwifery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. e134-e139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid H.E. Bergh ◽  
Elisabet Stener-Victorin ◽  
Gunnar Wallin ◽  
Lena Mårtensson
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Labour Pain

scholarly journals Effect of Means of Problem-Oriented Physical Rehabilitation on Pain and Tactile Sensitivity and Pain Syndrome Intensity in Women with Post-Mastectomy Syndrome

2015 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Т. Є. Одинець ◽  
Ю. А. Бріскін
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Tactile Sensitivity ◽  
Literary Sources

The objective of the paper is to determine the effectiveness of problem-oriented physical rehabilitation of women with post-mastectomy syndrome in terms of normalization of their sensitivity and lessening of the pain syndrome.Materials and methods. The paper provides a review of the related literary sources and empirical data analyzed and summarized, offers definitions of pain by the Visual Analogue Scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire and the Verbal Rating Scale, evaluates tactile and pain sensitivity, and uses the methods of mathematical statistics. The participants in the study were 50 women with diagnosed with the post-mastectomy syndrome and at the stage of residential treatment.Results: The developed problem-oriented physical rehabilitation experimentally proved effective by showing improvements in tactile and pain sensitivity, and pain lessening by the sensory, affective and rating scales in women with post-mastectomy syndrome at the stage of residential treatment.

Mandibular Block or Maxillary Infiltration

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Ram ◽  
E Amir ◽  
R Keren ◽  
J Shapira ◽  
E Davidovich
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Dental Appointment ◽  
Previous Visit ◽  
Two Age Groups ◽  
Dental Appointments

Purpose: Local anesthesia by mandibular block or maxillary infiltration is commonly administered to children receiving dental treatment of primary molars. Discomfort, when presenting, most often involves the lower lip. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether children would be more opposed to attending a dental treatment following anesthesia by mandibular block than by maxillary infiltration. Methods: Each of 102 children in two age groups: 3 to 5 years, and 6 to 9 years, received the two types of local anesthesia at dental appointments one week apart. Their opposition to attending a subsequent appointment was assessed by parent report. Results: More adverse reactions were observed during and following anesthesia with mandibular block than with maxillary infiltration. Few of the children in either age group expressed opposition to attend a dental visit after receiving mandibular block or maxillary infiltration in the previous visit. Conclusions: Though more adverse reactions were observed in children following mandibular block than maxillary infiltration, this did not result in increased opposition to attend a subsequent dental appointment.

scholarly journals Comparison of Four Different Pain Relief Methods during Hysterosalpingography: A Randomized Controlled Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekir Serdar Unlu ◽  
Mehmet Yilmazer ◽  
Gulengul Koken ◽  
Dagistan Tolga Arioz ◽  
Ebru Unlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the most commonly used method for evaluating the anatomy and patency of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, and is an important tool in the evaluation of infertility. The most frequent side effect is the pain associated with the procedure.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate four analgesic methods to determine the most useful method for reducing discomfort associated with HSG.METHODS: In the present prospective study, 75 patients undergoing HSG for evaluation of infertility were randomly assigned to four groups: 550 mg of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (group 1); 550 mg NSAID + paracervical block (group 2); 550 mg NSAID + paracervical analgesic cream (group 3); or 550 mg NSAID + intrauterine analgesic instillation (group 4). A visual analogue scale was used to assess the pain perception at five predefined steps.RESULTS: Instillation of the liquids used for HSG was found to be the most painful step of HSG, and this step was where the only significant difference among groups was observed. When comparing visual analogue scale scores, group 2 and group 3 reported significantly less pain than the other groups. Group 1 reported significantly higher mean ( ± SD) scores (7.2 ± 1.6) compared with groups 2 and 3 (4.7 ± 2.5 and 3.8 ± 2.4, respectively) (P<0.001). In addition, group 2 reported significantly less pain than group 4 (4.7 ± 2.5 versus 6.7 ± 1.8, respectively) (P<0.02).CONCLUSIONS: For effective pain relief during HSG, in addition to 550 mg NSAID, local application of lidocaine cream to the posterior fornix of the cervix uteri and paracervical lidocaine injection into the cervix uteri appear to be the most effective methods.

scholarly journals A Prospective Study of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Chronic Painful Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. e8-e11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Yu Tan ◽  
Li-Min Wang ◽  
Liang Zhao ◽  
Yi-Lin Liu ◽  
Rui-Peng Song
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Oswestry Disability Index ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Percutaneous Vertebroplasty ◽  
Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Compression Fractures ◽  
Disability Questionnaire ◽  
One Year

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for patients with chronic painful osteoporotic compression fractures has not been extensively studied.OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of PVP for patients with chronic painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs).METHODS: Sixty-two consecutive patients with chronic painful osteoporotic VCFs for ≥3 months underwent PVP. All procedures were performed under local anesthesia. The outcomes were pain relief at one week, one month, three months, six months and one year, as measured by visual analogue scale, Oswestry Disability Index, Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO) and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire scores.RESULTS: The PVP procedures were technically successful and well tolerated in all patients. Sixty-two patients underwent PVP on 92 vertebrae in 73 procedures three to five days after referral, and no 30-day mortality was observed. Compared with baseline scores, improvement in visual analogue scale, Oswestry Disability Index, QUALEFFO and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire scores was significantly greater after PVP at one week (P<0.001), one month (P<0.001), three months (P<0.001), six months (P<0.001) and one year (P<0.001), and the number of patients using drugs for pain treatment was significantly reduced. Five new fractures were reported in five of 62 patients treated with PVP during follow-up.CONCLUSION: PVP is effective in patients with chronic painful osteoporotic VCFs. Pain relief after PVP was immediate, was sustained for one year and may be an important factor for reducing persistent pain.

scholarly journals Intraperitoneal magnesium sulphate plus bupivacaine for pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
SK Maharjan ◽  
S Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale Score ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Sulphate Group ◽  
Intraperitoneal Instillation ◽  
Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine

Background: Multimodal analgesia is necessary for management of pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Magnesium sulphate is a new emerging drug for management of acute pain. This study was performed to study the analgesic efficacy of intraperitoneal bupivacaine and bupivacaine plus magnesium sulphate for postoperative pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: At the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 60 patients were randomized to one of the following groups: bupivacaine group receiving intraperitoneal instillation of 30 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine and magnesium sulphate group receiving intraperitoneal instillation of 0.25% bupivacaine plus 50 mg/kg magnesium sulphate to total volume of 30 ml. Postoperative pain was evaluated by using visual analogue scale (standard Visual Analogue Scale pain score of 0-10). Time duration of first analgesia demanded was noted and rescue analgesic was given as tramadol 50 mg intravenously and on demand. Pain, Visual Analogue Scale score and total analgesic consumption was recorded for 24 hours and analysed. Results: The patients who were given intraperitoneal bupivacaine plus magnesium sulphate at the end of surgery had better pain relief in first 24 hours, Visual Analogue Scale score of 0-5 compared to sole bupivacaine group who had Visual Analogue Scale score of 3-7. The magnesium sulphate group had longer pain free period of average 5.53±4.33 hours after surgery compared to 3.16±1.59 hours in sole bupivacaine group. Total analgesic consumption in magnesium sulphate group was also less compared to bupivacaine group (125.0±36.5 and 75.0±25.0 in bupivacaine and magnesium sulphate group respectively). All the results show highly significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: The combined instillation of bupivacaine and magnesium sulphate into the peritoneal cavity at the end of laparoscopic surgery renders patients better pain control and less consumption of analgesics in first 24 hours compared to sole bupivacaine group. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v1i1.7251 Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 1, No. 1, Issue 1, Jul.-Sep., 2012 pp.21-25

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