scholarly journals An uncommon intracranial malign tumour which was misdiagnosed as Glioblastoma multiforme: Hemangiopericytoma

2020 ◽  
pp. 434-436
Author(s):  
Serdar Ercan ◽  
Turan Kandemir ◽  
Zeki Serdasr Ataizi
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Preoperative Preparation ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cns Tumours ◽  
Macroscopic Shape

Background. Hemangiopericytoma (HPC) which is mostly located at the lower extremity and visceral organs was found extremely rare in the central nervous system. Radiological images are not enough to differentiate HPC from other CNS tumours.  The case was analyzed to determine presurgical features for diagnosis and the challenges during surgery. Case. A 65-year-old male patient with headache was diagnosed as Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) considering the image findings. However, the intraoperative macroscopic shape and tendency to bleeding were not relevant to the GBM. The mass was reported as Hemangiopericytoma which is a malign tumour, originates from pericapillary bodies of veins, and commonly locates out of the CNS. Conclusion. Even in advanced age and radiologically considered high-grade glial tumours, HPC should be considered in the differential diagnosis for preoperative preparation.

Stroke due to isolated angiitis ot the central nervous system (CNS) – differential diagnosis and therapy

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Springer ◽  
S Bechthold ◽  
A Jansson ◽  
K Kurnik ◽  
T Pfluger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM): A Demyelinating Disease with Specific Morphological Features

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692199356
Author(s):  
Fleur Cordier ◽  
Lars Velthof ◽  
David Creytens ◽  
Jo Van Dorpe
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare immune-mediated inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. Its characteristic perivenular demyelination and inflammation aid in the differential diagnosis with other inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Here, we present a clinical case of ADEM, summarize its histological hallmarks, and discuss pitfalls concerning the most important neuropathological differential diagnoses.

scholarly journals Autoantibodies in Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE): Can They Be Used as Biomarkers for the Differential Diagnosis of This Disease?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Manca
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus is a complex immunological disease where both environmental factors and genetic predisposition lead to the dysregulation of important immune mechanisms. Eventually, the combination of these factors leads to the production of self-reactive antibodies that can target any organ or tissue of the human body. Autoantibodies can form immune complexes responsible for both the organ damage and the most severe complications. Involvement of the central nervous system defines a subcategory of the disease, generally known with the denomination of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Neuropsychiatric symptoms can range from relatively mild manifestations, such as headache, to more severe complications, such as psychosis. The evaluation of the presence of the autoantibodies in the serum of these patients is the most helpful diagnostic tool for the assessment of the disease. The scientific progresses achieved in the last decades helped researchers and physicians to discover some of autoepitopes targeted by the autoantibodies, although the majority of them have not been identified yet. Additionally, the central nervous system is full of epitopes that cannot be found elsewhere in the human body, for this reason, autoantibodies that selectively target these epitopes might be used for the differential diagnosis between patients with and without the neuropsychiatric symptoms. In this review, the most relevant data is reported with regard to mechanisms implicated in the production of autoantibodies and the most important autoantibodies found among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with and without the neuropsychiatric manifestations.

Glioblastoma Multiforme with Hypodipsic Hypernatremia in a Seven-Month-Old Golden Retriever

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Engel ◽  
Karen Marie Hilling ◽  
Travis Kuder Meuten ◽  
Chad Brendan Frank ◽  
Angela J. Marolf
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Golden Retriever ◽  
Neoplastic Process ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Central Nervous System

ABSTRACT Primary hypodipsic hypernatremia is a rarely reported disease in dogs. Reported underlying causes associated with this disease in dogs include congenital malformations, encephalitis, intracranial neoplasia, and pressure atrophy of the hypothalamus secondary to hydrocephalus. The dog in this report had an infiltrative neoplastic disorder, likely causing damage to the hypothalamic osmoreceptors responsible for the thirst generation. The neoplastic process was identified histopathologically as glioblastoma multiforme, an unusual tumor to occur in a dog this young. A tumor of the central nervous system causing physical destruction of the osmoreceptors has rarely been reported in dogs and none of the previously reported cases involved a glial cell tumor.

First Presentation of an Acquired Demyelinating Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
Rachel Gottlieb-Smith ◽  
Amy Waldman
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractAcquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) present with acute or subacute monofocal or polyfocal neurologic deficits localizing to the central nervous system. The clinical features of distinct ADS have been carefully characterized including optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. These disorders may all be monophasic disorders. Alternatively, optic neuritis, partial transverse myelitis, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis may be first presentations of a relapsing or polyphasic neuroinflammatory disorder, such as multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica. The clinical features of these disorders and the differential diagnosis are discussed in this article.

scholarly journals Is Crush Cytology of Central Nervous System Lesions Relevant in Surgical Practice Today?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishan Kumar Yadav ◽  
Rashmi Bhatti ◽  
Nikhil Moorchung ◽  
Deepti Mutreja ◽  
Ajay S. Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cns Lesions ◽  
Neurosurgical Intervention

ABSTRACT Background: Intraoperative crush cytology is a useful tool for diagnosing the lesions of the central nervous system (CNS). However, because of the development of newer and better imaging techniques, it is important to evaluate if crush cytology is still relevant in neurosurgical practice. Aims: We evaluated the crush cytology smears in a series of cases where neurosurgical intervention was performed. We studied the role of crush cytology in the intraoperative diagnosis. We report a series of cases where intraoperative crush cytology helped the surgeon revise the surgery during the operation. Materials and Methods: A small portion of all CNS lesions was taken intraoperatively and the tissue was crushed between two slides. The slide was stained using the toluidine blue, Leishman stain, Pap stain and a routine H & E stain. The slides were the evaluated. Results: We evaluated the 50 cases of CNS lesions. We found that intraoperative crush cytology is particularly important in differentiating between neoplastic and nonneoplastic CNS lesions. It may also help in differentiating lymphomas from high-grade gliomas. Finally, crush cytology may help the surgeon in delineating the lesions during surgery. Conclusion: We conclude that crush cytology remains relevant in neurosurgical practice today and it should be adopted in all neurosurgical centers as a routine diagnostic technique.

Congenital Glioblastoma Multiforme: An Unusual and Challenging Tumor

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (06) ◽  
pp. 403-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Anestis ◽  
Christina Ble ◽  
Vassilios Tsitouras ◽  
Christos Tsonidis ◽  
Parmenion Tsitsopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractCongenital glioblastoma multiforme is a rare tumor of the central nervous system with unique features. The existing evidence on its pathogenesis, genetic and molecular profile, special characteristics, treatment, and prognosis is reviewed. An increased number of antenatal diagnoses and prolonged survival for those individuals who can tolerate combined surgical resection and chemotherapy has been noted. The overall prognosis, however, remains poor. A better understanding of this unusual entity is important. Further research is needed to discern tumor's pathogenesis and natural history. This will likely lead to the development and implementation of treatment strategies that may decrease mortality and morbidity in these patients.

Glial Central Nervous System Tumours of Childhood

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Dannis van Vuurden ◽  
Darren Hargrave ◽  
Dominik Sturm ◽  
David T.W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumours ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Cns Tumours ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Future Outcomes

Gliomas are the largest group of paediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumours and can affect any age and location. Currently, they are divided into low and high grade using the World Health Organization (WHO) classification but, increasingly, biology is being used to classify and stratify therapy, and this division may be challenged in the future. Outcomes vary greatly with some low-grade tumours being very indolent, requiring nothing more than careful observation, compared to aggressive high-grade gliomas of the brainstem that have a dismal prognosis. Current therapies are based on surgery, radiotherapy, and cytotoxic chemotherapy but, increasingly, biologically targeted therapies are being explored in an attempt to increase survival and decrease late effects and the burden of treatment.

scholarly journals An autopsied case of zygomycosis invasing in the central nervous system and vessels, which is difficult in the differential diagnosis from aspergillosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asako Ueno ◽  
Makoto Yoneda ◽  
Yuiti Kimura ◽  
Tadakazu Ookoshi ◽  
Hironobu Naiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Involvement of the Central Nervous System in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Luigi Cetto ◽  
Antonio Iannucci ◽  
Diego Tummarello ◽  
Nicola Rizzuto ◽  
Renata Sabbioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cns Lymphoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Grade Malignancy ◽  
High Grade Malignancy

Fifteen of 146 (10 %) adult patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma showed clinical and pathologic evidence of involvement of the central nervous system (CNS); in 6 patients, the CNS lymphoma was present at the onset of disease, in 3 of them it was the only sign detected. In the remaining 9 cases, CNS involvement appeared during the course of systemic disease. In all cases symptoms related to infiltration of the CNS were associated with advanced disease (stage IV); bone marrow or bone involvement was found in 9 patients (60 %). The histologic subtypes were mostly of high-grade malignancy according to the Kiel classification: immunoblastic (3), centroblastic (3), Burkitt type (2), lymphoblastic (1), LP immunocytoma in polymorphic variant (3), unclassifiable (3). The prominent signs and symptoms of CNS lymphoma are listed: the cranial nerve palsies are the most common finding. The principal means of detecting CNS involvement are discussed: cerebrospinal fluid cytology, brain scan and CAT scan were the most useful diagnostic procedures. The reported data allow identification of patients at high risk of CNS lymphoma: this includes histologies of high-grade malignancy, advanced stage of disease, and bone marrow or bone infiltration. Therefore, either intensive systemic chemotherapy or CNS prophylaxis are recommended for patients with high risk of CNS disease.

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