Ideology and Science (based on the discussion in CEMI RAS)

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
V.L. Makarov ◽  
V.G. Grebennikov ◽  
V.E. Dementyev ◽  
E.V. Ustyuzhanina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Mathematical Institute ◽  
Tea Party ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Central Economic

The debating society “Makarov’s tea party” chaired by the academician V.L. Makarov met on the 18th April 2019 in the Central Economic Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in order to discuss the interrelationship between ideology and science. The society raised such issues as opposition and interpenetration of science and ideology; ideology and the genetic code of a nation; ideology and manipulation of conscience; numbers and facts as tools of ideological intervention. Here we present the most interesting points of the discussion. The authors of the reports: Makarov Valery, Doctor of Phys.-math., member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Dementiev Victor, Doctor of Economics, Corr. RAS; Grebennikov Valery, Doctor of Economics; Ustyuzhanina Elena, Doctor of Economics.

The Growth and Marcescence of the “System for Optimal Functioning of the Economy” (SOFE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (S1) ◽  
pp. 155-179
Author(s):  
Richard E. Ericson
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Institute ◽  
Soviet Economy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Central Economic

This article discusses the perhaps most systematic attempt to develop mathematical methods for use in planning and management of the Soviet economy: the system for optimal functioning of the economy (SOFE). The intellectual ferment of the post-Stalin “thaw,” and increasing difficulties in managing the growing economy, opened the way to new approaches to Soviet economics. Scholars, primarily at a new Academy of Sciences institute for applying mathematics to economic problems—the Central Economic-Mathematical Institute—developed a series of models and policy recommendations in dozens of monographs, articles, and conference reports from 1963 to the mid-1980s. Despite evident support at two CPSU Party Congresses (1966, 1971), SOFE never got traction in the official planning or administrative organs, although some specific mathematical methods and recommendations derived from SOFE were used experimentally, and indeed partially applied in plan implementations. The last act of SOFE came with the incorporation of many of its ideas in the final Soviet reform—Mikhail Gorbachev’s perestroika. I survey the evolution of the SOFE research program and its policy recommendations, arguing that it was inherently incapable of providing viable reform recommendations due not only to the difficulty of that task but also the political opposition to the recommendations derived from that program.

Problems of Science and Its Effectiveness

2011 ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Varshavsky
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Management ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Academic Sector

The article considers current problems of Russia´s science. Special attention is paid to external factors that negatively influence its effectiveness including considerable lag in public management sector. The issues of opposing higher education sector to the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) are also discussed. A number of indicators of the Russian science and its academic sector effectiveness are presented. The expediency of comparing scientific results with R&D expenditures is shown. The problems connected with using bibliometric methods are discussed. Special attention is paid to the necessity of preserving and further developing Russian science including RAS.

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