Forecasting the radiation background in the territories of Kazakhstan located near the uranium mining industries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Ismailova ◽  
N.A. Nurbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Radio Monitoring ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
State Of The Environment

A significant part of the territory of Kazakhstan is characterized by a high natural background radiation of soils and rocks, the spread of natural ground and underground waters with high concentrations of radionuclides in the regions of uranium, thorium and rare metal ore provinces and regions. Therefore, conducting high-quality radio monitoring of the state of the environment using modern information systems will make it possible to predict the background radiation in a timely manner and outline measures to reduce environmental risks to the health of the nation as a whole. Key words: radioecology, monitoring, life safety, radionuclides, national health.

scholarly journals Consideration of the contribution of the natural background component during individual control of radiation doses to personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Bazhin ◽  
G. N. Kaidanovsky
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Individual Dose ◽  
External Radiation ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Natural Radiation ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Natural Component

When ensuring radiation safety in the Russian Federation, there is a principle of separate independent assessment of doses from natural, medical, emergency and technogenic exposure. In practice, it is not always possible to comply with this principled approach. The established dose limits are related only to man-made radiation during normal operation of sources of ionizing radiation. However, during the formation of regional and federal databases on individual doses of personnel exposure, information is entered not on technogenic exposure, but on industrial exposure, that is, without subtracting the natural radiation background. The natural component of the individual dose at low radiation doses is quite significant. Failure to its subtraction leads to an overestimation of the individual dose of external exposure of personnel. Difficulties arise in the implementation of the subtraction of the natural radiation background: 1) in what cases it is necessary to subtract the background, 2) what value to choose for the subtracted background, 3) what method to measure the background, 4) at what stage of processing the measurement information to subtract the background. This article proposes a method for solving the problem of subtracting the natural background radiation from the values of individual doses of external exposure to personnel based on results of individual dosimetric control. Using the example of the city of St. Petersburg, the natural background radiation was measured by the thermoluminescent method of individual dosimetry at 50 control points for three consecutive years (2018-2020). To measure the natural background, we used individual thermoluminescent dosimeters of the same type as those used to measure individual equivalents of external radiation doses to personnel. The choice of using the thermoluminescent method as a predominant one for adjusting the average doses of external radiation from technogenic sources of ionizing radiation when subtracting the natural component of the dose has been substantiated. Comparison of official data on personnel exposure doses with the data obtained as a result of our own measurements is made. Recommendations are given on the use of the obtained values of the average natural radiation background in the formation of regional and federal databases on individual doses of personnel exposure. 

Characteristics of natural radiation background at the Research and Education mine Reiche Zeche (Germany) performed within the BSUIN project.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szkliniarz ◽  
Kinga Polaczek-Grelik ◽  
Agata Walencik-Łata ◽  
Jan Kisiel ◽  
Toni Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Umbrella Organisation ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Baltic

<p>The Reiche Zeche mine is one, out of 6 Underground Laboratories (ULs) participating in the BSUIN (Baltic Sea Underground Innovation Network) project. The main goal of BSUIN is to improve the utilisation of Underground laboratories operating in the Baltic Sea Region by creating an umbrella organisation, an association, to represent the underground locations. To improve the utilisation the Uls, the sites have been characterized to understand the possibilities of the sites. Of of the studied characteristics is natural background radiation. The Reiche Zeche mine is located at a depth of 150 m (410 m w.e.) in the eastern part of the Erzgebirge Mountains, Germany. The measurements of natural background radiation (NBR) were performed: (1) in-situ by using portable HPGe semiconductor spectrometer and RAD7 electronic radon detector, and (2) in the laboratory, where the concentration of radioisotopes in water and rock samples was determined. The laboratory measurements were done in the Institute of Physics, University of Silesia (Poland) by using a liquid scintillation α/β counter (LSC), gamma-ray spectrometry and α-particle spectrometry. The obtained results of natural radioactivity in Reiche Zeche (BSUIN UL) will be presented.</p>

scholarly journals First transcriptome profiling of D. melanogaster after development in a deep underground low radiation background laboratory

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255066
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zarubin ◽  
Albert Gangapshev ◽  
Yuri Gavriljuk ◽  
Vladimir Kazalov ◽  
Elena Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Differential Abundance ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
High Doses ◽  
First Time

Natural background radiation is a permanent multicomponent factor. It has an influence on biological organisms, but effects of its deprivation still remain unclear. The aim of our work was to study for the first time responses of D. melanogaster to conditions of the Deep Underground Low-Background Laboratory DULB-4900 (BNO, INR, RAS, Russia) at the transcriptome level by RNA-seq profiling. Overall 77 transcripts demonstrated differential abundance between flies exposed to low and natural background radiation. Enriched biological process functional categories were established for all genes with differential expression. The results showed down-regulation of primary metabolic processes and up-regulation of both the immune system process and the response to stimuli. The comparative analysis of our data and publicly available transcriptome data on D. melanogaster exposed to low and high doses of ionizing radiation did not reveal common DEGs in them. We hypothesize that the observed changes in gene expression can be explained by the influence of the underground conditions in DULB-4900, in particular, by the lack of stimuli. Thus, our study challenges the validity of the LNT model for the region of background radiation doses below a certain level (~16.4 nGy h-1) and the presence of a dose threshold for D. melanogaster.

Performance Study of Some Reverse Osmosis Systems for Removal of Uranium and Total Dissolved Solids in Underground Waters of Punjab State, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-476
Author(s):  
Nisha Sharma ◽  
Jaspal Singh ◽  
Barjinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
State Government ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
High Concentrations

Radionuclides (uranium, thorium, radium, radon gas etc.) are found naturally in air, water, soil and rock. Everyday, we ingest and inhale these radionuclides through the air we breathe and through food and water we take. Out of the internal exposure via ingestion of radionuclides, water contributes the major portion. The natural radioactivity of water is due to the activity transfer from bed rock and soils. In our surveys carried out in the past few years, we have observed high concentrations of uranium and total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking waters of some southern parts of Punjab State exceeding the safe limits recommended by national and international agencies. The main drinking water source is the underground water procured from different depths. Due to the highly saline taste, disorders in their digestive systems and other ailments, people are installing reverse osmosis (RO) systems in their houses. Some RO systems have been installed on commercial basis. The state government is also in the process of installing community RO systems at the village level. As high values of uranium are also undesired and may pose health hazards due to radioactivity and toxicity of uranium, we have conducted a survey in the field to study the performance of various RO systems for removal of uranium and TDS. Water samples from about forty RO systems from Faridkot, Mansa, Bathinda and Amritsar districts of Punjab State were collected and analyzed. Our results show that some RO systems are able to remove more than 99% of uranium in the underground waters used for drinking purposes. TDS values are also reduced considerably to the desired levels. So RO systems can be used to avoid the risk of unduly health problems posed by high concentrations of uranium and TDS in drinking water.

Investigation and Study on Environmental Radioactive Background in Xinchang and Jijicao Rock of Beishan Preselected Region for HLW Disposal Repository in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 869-876
Author(s):  
Guo Hua Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Environmental Radioactivity ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Local Resident ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environmental Investigation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Investigation And Study

On the basis of field environmental investigation and monitoring, the environmental radioactivity background of Xinchang and Jijicao rock in Beishan preselected region has been preliminary investigated and studied, and the public dose from local natural background radiation is estimated which can provide basic data and information for environmental impact assessment and safety assessment of HLW(the high level radioactive waste) disposal repository in the future. From the result of investigation and study, the environmental radioactivity of Xinchang and Jijicao rock is generally within normal natural background. The effective dose to local resident from natural background radiation is 2.110 mSv/a by internal and external exposure.

scholarly journals Characteristics of natural radiation background at the Callio Lab (Finland) performed within the BSUIN project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kisiel ◽  
Kinga Polaczek-Grelik ◽  
Katarzyna Szkliniarz ◽  
Agata Walencik-Łata ◽  
Jari Joutsenvaara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Semiconductor Spectrometer ◽  
The Baltic

<p>The BSUIN (Baltic Sea Underground Innovation Network) aims to enhance the accessibility of the underground laboratories in the Baltic Sea region for innovation, business and science. One of the BSUIN project activities is characterization of natural background radiation (NBR) in underground facilities. In this talk results from NBR measurements performed in Callio Lab, Pyhäsalmi, Finland, at the depth of 4100 m w.e. will be presented. The in-situ gamma spectra were collected with the use of  HPGe semiconductor spectrometer, whereas the  concentration of radon were measured with RAD7 electronic detector. In addition, the water and rock samples were taken for laboratory analysis in Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Poland. The concentration radioisotopes in water samples were performed by using a liquid scintillation α/β counter (LSC) and α-particle spectrometry, while the concentration of radioisotopes in rock samples were performed by using laboratory gamma ray spectrometry and also α-particle spectrometry.</p>

Observation of natural background radiation during the Great American Eclipse

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
David L. Chichester ◽  
James T. Johnson ◽  
Scott M. Watson ◽  
Jay D. Hix ◽  
Scott J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Natural Background Radiation
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