scholarly journals Consideration of the contribution of the natural background component during individual control of radiation doses to personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Bazhin ◽  
G. N. Kaidanovsky
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Individual Dose ◽  
External Radiation ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Natural Radiation ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Natural Component

When ensuring radiation safety in the Russian Federation, there is a principle of separate independent assessment of doses from natural, medical, emergency and technogenic exposure. In practice, it is not always possible to comply with this principled approach. The established dose limits are related only to man-made radiation during normal operation of sources of ionizing radiation. However, during the formation of regional and federal databases on individual doses of personnel exposure, information is entered not on technogenic exposure, but on industrial exposure, that is, without subtracting the natural radiation background. The natural component of the individual dose at low radiation doses is quite significant. Failure to its subtraction leads to an overestimation of the individual dose of external exposure of personnel. Difficulties arise in the implementation of the subtraction of the natural radiation background: 1) in what cases it is necessary to subtract the background, 2) what value to choose for the subtracted background, 3) what method to measure the background, 4) at what stage of processing the measurement information to subtract the background. This article proposes a method for solving the problem of subtracting the natural background radiation from the values of individual doses of external exposure to personnel based on results of individual dosimetric control. Using the example of the city of St. Petersburg, the natural background radiation was measured by the thermoluminescent method of individual dosimetry at 50 control points for three consecutive years (2018-2020). To measure the natural background, we used individual thermoluminescent dosimeters of the same type as those used to measure individual equivalents of external radiation doses to personnel. The choice of using the thermoluminescent method as a predominant one for adjusting the average doses of external radiation from technogenic sources of ionizing radiation when subtracting the natural component of the dose has been substantiated. Comparison of official data on personnel exposure doses with the data obtained as a result of our own measurements is made. Recommendations are given on the use of the obtained values of the average natural radiation background in the formation of regional and federal databases on individual doses of personnel exposure. 

scholarly journals Knowledge level of the elementary school of Arjasari students after education regarding natural background radiation and oral health care

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhari A ◽  
Suhardjo Sitam ◽  
Sri Susilawati ◽  
Irmaleny Satifyl ◽  
Ivhatry Rizky Octavia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Natural Radiation ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Granite Rocks ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Introduction: Environment and behaviour are the main factors affecting the health status of a human being. People living in high natural radiation exposure area (radon zone), which is as much as 85% of the air content, characterized by many presents of granite rocks. The village of Arjasari is an area with many granite rocks presence. The objective of this study was to determined the knowledge level of the elementary school students after education regarding natural background radiation and oral health care. Methods: The research was a descriptive survey research, with data sampling taken by using questionnaires towards as much as 150 elementary students. Previously, respondents were given first education regarding natural background radiation and oral health care. Instruments in this study using questionnaires that was tested for validation and reliabilities. Data analysis used was a descriptive survey technique processed by using computer program. Data was percentages of three rating categories, which were high, medium and low. Results: The results showed that the knowledge level of student regarding natural background radiation and oral health care. was as much as 14% in the high category; as much as 45% in the moderate category; and as much as 41% in the low category. Conclusion: Knowledge level of student after education about natural radiation and the effect of oral health was in the moderate category level.

scholarly journals Is Induction of Anomalies in Lymphocytes of the Residents of High Background Radiation Areas Associated with Increased Cancer Risk?

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3Jun) ◽  
Author(s):  
S M J Mortazavi ◽  
Gh Mortazavi ◽  
S A R Mortazavi ◽  
M Paknahad
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Natural Radiation ◽  
High Background ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World

Man has been exposed to different levels of natural background radiation since the creation of human life. There are inhabited areas around the world with extraordinary levels of natural background radiation. The level of natural radiation in these areas is up to two orders of magnitude higher than other places. Areas such as Yangjiang, China; Guarapari, Brazil; and Kerala, India are among the areas with high levels of natural radiation. Ramsar a coastal city in North Iran has some inhabited areas with the highest known levels of background radiation around the world. People who live in high background radiation areas (HBRAs) such as Ramsar do not record any detrimental biological effects. While some cytogenetic studies conducted in HBRAs have shown increased frequencies of unstable chromosome aberration, other investigations failed to find a significant difference. This short review is an attempt to verify if induction of chromosomal anomalies in the lymphocytes of the residents of high background radiation areas is associated with increased cancer risk.

Radioactivity of building materials in Mahallat, Iran – an area exposed to a high level of natural background radiation – attenuation of external radiation doses

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (340) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shahrokhi ◽  
M. Adelikhah ◽  
S. Chalupnik ◽  
E. Kocsis ◽  
E. Toth-Bodrogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Mass Activity ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Town

In this study, mass activity of naturally occurring radioactive materials were measured in twenty-three building material samples, use extensively in the area exposed to a high level of natural background radiation (Mahallat, Iran), to determine the radioactivity index and changes to the level of indoor gamma radiation. The mass activity of 232Th, 226Ra and 40K were within the ranges from 18 ± 3 to 44 ± 10 Bq/kg (average of 27 ± 6 Bq/kg), 22 ± 5 to 53 ± 14 Bq/kg (average of 34 ± 6 Bq/kg) and 82 ± 18 to 428 ± 79 Bq/kg (average of 276 ± 58 Bq/kg), respectively. The gamma dose rates for population were estimated between 48 ± 9 and 111 ± 26 nGy/h with exception of radon exhalation from building materials. Since the air kerma rate in the town varies from 0.8 to 4 μGy/h, the attenuation coefficient was calculated for buildings made of the aforementioned materials. Additionally, the annual gamma radiation doses for inhabitants were calculated based on time spent outdoors and indoors.

Characteristics of natural background radiation in selected underground laboratories BSUIN and EUL projects.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szkliniarz
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Natural Radiation ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Network Usage ◽  
Network Project

<p>One of the most important parameters characterizing underground laboratories is natural background radiation. In underground locations, natural radiation mainly comes from the surrounding bedrock and used building materials. When selecting an underground site for research and projects, great importance is attached to the conditions prevailing there, which translates into the success of the activities carried out. Accurate measurements of natural radiation are therefore essential to guarantee the success of the project. As a part of the BSUIN (Baltic Sea Underground Innovation Network) project, such measurements were carried out in several underground laboratories. Although the BSUIN project ended last year, this research continues under the ongoing EUL (Empowering Underground Laboratories Network Usage) project.</p><p>Results of the in-situ measurements of gamma radiation and radon concentration will be presented. Additionally, laboratory measurements of radioisotope concentrations in rock and water samples from the studied sites were performed. The concentration of radioisotopes in water samples was obtained by using a liquid scintillation α / β counter and α spectrometry, while the concentration of radioisotopes in rock samples was measured with laboratory gamma-ray and α spectrometry.</p><p>A comparison of the obtained results of natural background radiation with other underground locations will also be presented.</p>

Characteristics of natural radiation background at the Research and Education mine Reiche Zeche (Germany) performed within the BSUIN project.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szkliniarz ◽  
Kinga Polaczek-Grelik ◽  
Agata Walencik-Łata ◽  
Jan Kisiel ◽  
Toni Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Umbrella Organisation ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The Baltic

<p>The Reiche Zeche mine is one, out of 6 Underground Laboratories (ULs) participating in the BSUIN (Baltic Sea Underground Innovation Network) project. The main goal of BSUIN is to improve the utilisation of Underground laboratories operating in the Baltic Sea Region by creating an umbrella organisation, an association, to represent the underground locations. To improve the utilisation the Uls, the sites have been characterized to understand the possibilities of the sites. Of of the studied characteristics is natural background radiation. The Reiche Zeche mine is located at a depth of 150 m (410 m w.e.) in the eastern part of the Erzgebirge Mountains, Germany. The measurements of natural background radiation (NBR) were performed: (1) in-situ by using portable HPGe semiconductor spectrometer and RAD7 electronic radon detector, and (2) in the laboratory, where the concentration of radioisotopes in water and rock samples was determined. The laboratory measurements were done in the Institute of Physics, University of Silesia (Poland) by using a liquid scintillation α/β counter (LSC), gamma-ray spectrometry and α-particle spectrometry. The obtained results of natural radioactivity in Reiche Zeche (BSUIN UL) will be presented.</p>

scholarly journals First transcriptome profiling of D. melanogaster after development in a deep underground low radiation background laboratory

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255066
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zarubin ◽  
Albert Gangapshev ◽  
Yuri Gavriljuk ◽  
Vladimir Kazalov ◽  
Elena Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Differential Abundance ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
High Doses ◽  
First Time

Natural background radiation is a permanent multicomponent factor. It has an influence on biological organisms, but effects of its deprivation still remain unclear. The aim of our work was to study for the first time responses of D. melanogaster to conditions of the Deep Underground Low-Background Laboratory DULB-4900 (BNO, INR, RAS, Russia) at the transcriptome level by RNA-seq profiling. Overall 77 transcripts demonstrated differential abundance between flies exposed to low and natural background radiation. Enriched biological process functional categories were established for all genes with differential expression. The results showed down-regulation of primary metabolic processes and up-regulation of both the immune system process and the response to stimuli. The comparative analysis of our data and publicly available transcriptome data on D. melanogaster exposed to low and high doses of ionizing radiation did not reveal common DEGs in them. We hypothesize that the observed changes in gene expression can be explained by the influence of the underground conditions in DULB-4900, in particular, by the lack of stimuli. Thus, our study challenges the validity of the LNT model for the region of background radiation doses below a certain level (~16.4 nGy h-1) and the presence of a dose threshold for D. melanogaster.

Investigation and Study on Environmental Radioactive Background in Xinchang and Jijicao Rock of Beishan Preselected Region for HLW Disposal Repository in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 869-876
Author(s):  
Guo Hua Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Background Radiation ◽  
Environmental Radioactivity ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Local Resident ◽  
Natural Background Radiation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Environmental Investigation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Investigation And Study

On the basis of field environmental investigation and monitoring, the environmental radioactivity background of Xinchang and Jijicao rock in Beishan preselected region has been preliminary investigated and studied, and the public dose from local natural background radiation is estimated which can provide basic data and information for environmental impact assessment and safety assessment of HLW(the high level radioactive waste) disposal repository in the future. From the result of investigation and study, the environmental radioactivity of Xinchang and Jijicao rock is generally within normal natural background. The effective dose to local resident from natural background radiation is 2.110 mSv/a by internal and external exposure.

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