scholarly journals John Williams, Visions of the End in Medieval Spain: Catalogue of Illustrated Beatus Commentaries on the Apocalypse and Study of the Geneva Beatus, ed. Therese Martin, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Williams ◽  
Therese Martin
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Illustrated Manuscripts ◽  
Medieval Spain ◽  
John Williams ◽  
Spanish Model ◽  
The Middle Ages

This is the first study to bring together all twenty-nine extant copies of the medieval Commentary on the Apocalypse, which was originally written by Spanish monk Beatus of Liébana. John Williams, a renowned expert on the Commentary, shares a lifetime of study and offers new insights on these strikingly illustrated manuscripts. As he shows, the Commentary responded to differing monastic needs within the shifting context of the Middle Ages. Of special interest is a discussion of the recently discovered Geneva copy: one of only three commentaries to be written outside of the Iberian Peninsula, this manuscript shows both close affinities to the Spanish model and fascinating deviations from it in terms of its script and style of illustrations.

Espiritus de Invierno

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-56
Author(s):  
Yannick Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Wild Man ◽  
Traditional Societies ◽  
Evil Spirits ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Middle Ages

In many parts of Europe and especially in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain, Portugal, and the Basque Country), archaic and mysterious figures regularly haunt carnival rites since the Middle Ages (but referring, according to some specialists like A. Darpeix, member of the historical and archaeological society of Perigord, to a distant shamanic and Neolithic antiquity). They are masks adorned with skins of animals, vegetables, and straw, surrounded by bells and bones, often crowned with horns and pieces of wood. Thus arises the wild man within modern paganism to symbolize the rebirth of nature emerging from winter. The figures are essentially ambiguous, at the crossroads of nature and culture. The masks always speak of the mysteries of existence: in traditional societies, they were or still are the figures of ancestors and spirits of the dead, that of protective or evil spirits.

Segregation or Choice?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maristella Botticini ◽  
Zvi Eckstein
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter assesses the argument that both their exclusion from craft and merchant guilds and usury bans on Christians segregated European Jews into moneylending during the Middle Ages. Already during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, moneylending was the occupation par excellence of the Jews in England, France, and Germany and one of the main professions of the Jews in the Iberian Peninsula, Italy, and other locations in western Europe. Based on the historical information and the economic theory presented in earlier chapters, the chapter advances an alternative explanation that is consistent with the salient features that mark the history of the Jews: the Jews in medieval Europe voluntarily entered and later specialized in moneylending because they had the key assets for being successful players in credit markets—capital, networking, literacy and numeracy, and contract-enforcement institutions.

Miguel de Unamuno und Antero de Quental Iberische Religionskritik, einbrechende Moderne und die Tragik des Verlustes

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-330
Author(s):  
Steffen Dix
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Religious History ◽  
Miguel De Unamuno ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Catholic Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
The Middle Ages

AbstractIn recent years the study of local religious histories, especially in Europe, has gained in prominence. Because of the encounters between different cultural traditions in the Middle Ages and the voyages of discovery, the religious history of the Iberian Peninsula became one of the most complex in Europe. This article focuses on one portion of this history around the turn of the 19th/20th century, and in particular on two attempts to blame the Catholic religion for the general crisis in Spain and Portugal at the start of the modern era. These two forms of critiquing religion are illustrated by the examples of Miguel de Unamuno and Antero de Quental, whose writings were characteristic of the typical relationship between religion and intellectuals in this period. Not only were the Spanish philosopher and the Portuguese poet influential on their own and later generations, but they are also truly representative of a certain tragic ”loss“ of religion in the Iberian Peninsula.

Astrolabes for the King: The Astrolabe of Petrus Raimundi of Barcelona

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-5) ◽  
pp. 421-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azucena Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Scientific Instruments ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract The astrolabe of Petrus Raimundi, made in Barcelona in 1375, occupies a significant position in the set of medieval Spanish astrolabes with Latin inscriptions, as it is the only one signed and dated that has survived to the present day. A full description and study of the astrolabe is presented in the context of the support given to the manufacturing of scientific instruments by King Peter iv of Aragon. Although the astronomical and time reckoning features of the astrolabe are fully detailed, special attention is given to its artistic and decorative features. The relationships between Petrus Raimundi’s astrolabe and those manufactured in al-Andalus, the region under Islamic rule within the Iberian Peninsula in the Middle Ages, are highlighted, as well as the links with astrolabe production in other European Christian kingdoms. The role played by astrolabes in medicine is considered and first steps are taken towards discovering the identity of Petrus Raimundi.

Ways and Means of Science in Medieval Spain

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Francisco Márquez-Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Intellectual Life ◽  
The West ◽  
Alfonso X ◽  
Medieval Spain ◽  
Cultural Empowerment ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Spanish Soil

The concept of tolerance initially advanced by the Arabs in both the East and the Iberian peninsula, an ideal later continued at the time of the Reconquest by Spanish Christians, was the key to the transmission of Greek science to the West. This paper examines the far-reaching and peculiar ways in which both Christians and Muslims fostered on Spanish soil a thriving intellectual life in the low Middle Ages. Particular attention is given to the rich personality and precociously modern achievements of King Alfonso X, with his vast project of cultural empowerment on behalf of his subjects.

scholarly journals La lengua vasca en la Península entre Antigüedad y Edad Media. Observaciones a la "Communis opinio" / Basque language in the Iberian peninsula between Antiquity and Middle Ages. Some remarks on the "communis opinio"

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Matías Múgica
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Linguistic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Middle Ages

The author argues, developing an idea proposed by French phoneticist Henri Gavel in the fifties, that the examination of the clearly Latin ancient toponymy of Upper Navarre suggests that the linguistic stratification usually proposed for the Middle Navarre (Navarra Media), an area where Basque was intensely spoken throughout the Middle Ages, should be reviewed and that in that area the Latin can be chronologically prior to the Basque, which would satisfactorily explain some unresolved knots of the linguistic history of the Basque Country and its surroundings.

Looking South

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gerrard ◽  
José Avelino Gutiérrez-González
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Santiago De Compostela ◽  
North West ◽  
Artistic Representation ◽  
Scallop Shells ◽  
Wool Cloth ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter explores medieval contact and trade between Britain and the Iberian Peninsula. For the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in north-west Spain, archaeological evidence includes coins, burials, badges, scallop shells, and souvenirs of bone, ivory, and jet as well as artistic influences on heraldry and artistic representation. The important heavy goods being transported were wool, cloth, metals, and bulk foodstuffs for which there is an emerging archaeology of production in Spain and Portugal. There was also minor trade in leather and salt as well as in foodstuffs like honey and wine, figs, and candied fruit. Pottery and tile exports from Spain are today the most telling indication of commercial contact and personal exchange but English embroideries and alabaster devotional panels are among the items of exchange which travelled south and have survived. Overall, Anglo-Iberian contact in the Middle Ages has left an oddly skewed signature in the archaeological record.

Richard K. Emmerson, Apocalypse Illuminated: The Visual Exegesis of Revelation in Medieval Illustrated Manuscripts. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2018, 269 pp., 100 illus.

Mediaevistik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-311
Author(s):  
Thomas Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Illuminated Manuscripts ◽  
State University ◽  
Pennsylvania State University ◽  
Illustrated Manuscripts ◽  
Book Of Revelation ◽  
Visual Exegesis ◽  
End Times ◽  
The Middle Ages

The Book of Revelation continues to fascinate and frighten Christians in equal measure. In 2017, a self-proclaimed “Christian numerologist” using the pen name “David Meade” claimed that a rogue planet would collide with Earth on September 23, 2017, thereby inaugurating the End Times; he based his claims, in part, on his reading of Revelation 12 (when the cataclysm failed to occur, he revised his prediction to October 15 and then October 21). The Middle Ages also saw a sustained interest in Revelation, one measure of this being the large number (over 130) of surviving illuminated manuscripts of Revelation. In Apocalypse Illuminated, Richard Emmerson argues that these manuscript miniatures provided their own exegesis of the text, separate from (but related to) any accompanying commentary.

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