scholarly journals Modeling of production processes in rural areas: management and development effectiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (29) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Alexei А. Mukhin ◽  
Elena A. Konina ◽  
Natalia V. Gorbushina ◽  
Anna I. Latysheva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Incomplete Contracts ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Theory Theory ◽  
Neoclassical Theory ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Alternative Approaches

In the modern economy, the process of studying independent and alternative approaches to studying a business (organization) is happening more and more. Such alternative approaches of today include: “neoclassical theory”, “theory of transaction costs” (theory of specific assets), “theory of incomplete contracts” (theory of property rights), and also “agent theory” (theory of incentives). Such integrated systems and approaches of economics and management as “resource theory”, “knowledge theory”, “strategic theory”, “entrepreneurial theory”, “network theory”, “theory of resource dependence”, “theory of institutional isomorphism”, “theory of situational choice", "The theory of strategic choice" is currently promising and relevant. The article discusses the basic model of neoclassical theory. The main superiority of this theory is expressed in the fact that it predetermines the technological component as a whole as an economy in the broad sense of the understanding and depends on the scale of activity of the economic entity. Moreover, this theory provides for the reflection of savings in the activities of an economic entity, taking into account the scale of activity and business processes (factors) that characterize the volume of production and turnover of organizations. In the framework of the approach under consideration, a certain macrostructure is determined that incurs costs of economic resources: fixed assets, the number of employees that affect the turnover of organizations. The rational management task that the Udmurt Republic encounters is to determine the forecast for the turnover of organizations for given resources and in calculating the fixed assets necessary for its value and the number of employees. It was revealed that the rural economy of Udmurtia has a negligible effect on the scale of resources, since with a simultaneous increase in labor and capital by 1%, the turnover of organizations increases by 1.82%, and the final product is most dependent on the state of the workforce, as the current state the equipment used is in critical condition in terms of wear and efficiency.

scholarly journals THE USE OF COBB-DOUGLAS PRODUCTION FUNCTION IN MODELING PRODUCTION PROCESSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-829
Author(s):  
А.А. Mukhin
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Incomplete Contracts ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Neoclassical Theory ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
The Given

Several alternative economic approaches to the study of organization are discussed in the literature: the neoclassical theory, the theory of transaction costs (the theory of specific assets), the theory of incomplete contracts (the theory of property rights), and the Agency theory (the theory of incentives). Recently, there have been approaches at the intersection of Economics and management: resource theory, knowledge theory, strategic theory, entrepreneurial theory; in the framework of sociology: network theory, the theory of resource dependence, the theory of institutional isomorphism, the theory of situational choice, the theory of strategic choice. The article deals with the basic model of neoclassical theory. The advantage of the neoclassical theory is that it emphasizes the role of technology in General and economies of scale in particular as factors that influence the size of production, turnover of organizations. Within the framework of the considered approach, a certain macrostructure is determined that carries out the costs of economic resources: fixed assets, the number of employees that affect the turnover of organizations. The task of rational economic management, which meets the Udmurt Republic, is to determine the forecast of turnover of organizations with the given resources and to calculate the necessary for its value of fixed assets, the number of employees.

Founding-owner’s dilemmas in an emerging market: from industrial Andina S.A. to NSG service stations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Nestor U. Salcedo ◽  
Miguel Garcia-Cestona ◽  
Katherina Kuschel
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Incomplete Contracts ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Business Economics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Stations ◽  
The Future

Learning outcomes A student can evaluate the variables related to the corporate governance decision for the future of the companies while simultaneously facing other internal factors, such as understanding the owner's address style. In addition, the student will be able to balance and weigh current resources, understanding that the conceptual frameworks of agency theory, resource dependence theory, agency and transaction costs, as well as the types of leadership and power are useful to understand this type of companies, common in emerging markets. Case overview/synopsis This case describes the actions of Nestor Salcedo Guevara, founding partner of Industrial Andina S.A. and owner of NSG Service Stations, companies focused on industrial manufacturing and retail fuel sales, respectively. The case covers a period of 40 years, from the founding of Industrial Andina S.A. in 1978, its restructuring into a family business in 1982, the strategic decisions concerning the political and economic situations from the eighties to the new millennium, and the creation of NSG Service Stations in the year 2000, until August 2018, when Nestor faced the decision to expand NSG Service Stations and reactivate Industrial Andina SA with new projects. Therefore, Nestor must decide the next steps for the future of both companies. This case study highlights several challenges of business economics and administrative strategy facing entrepreneurs or experienced managers and allows to discuss in class concepts of corporate governance such as ownership structure, incomplete contracts, management styles and defensive strategies associated with the power of the CEO - Owner. Complexity academic level Undergraduate students in Business Administration or Economics and post-graduate MBA. Business Economics courses, Strategic Management, Corporate Governance courses. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Does it pay to bribe? The influence of bribery on new venture disbanding in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Jintong Tang ◽  
Zhi Tang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Chinese Entrepreneurs

This research extends bribery research toward entrepreneurial theory and practice by examining how bribery impacts new venture disbanding in China. Existing research suggests that bribery may enhance firms’ competitive advantage; however, building off of resource-based view and taking into consideration the institutional context in China, the current study proposes that firm bribery activity hurts new ventures by increasing the hazard of venture disbanding. Further, guided by resource dependence theory, this study examines how local economic development and organizing activity moderate the relation between bribery and disbanding. In particular, it is proposed that when local economic development is suffering, or when firms are not engaging in appropriate organizing activities, bribery will lead to higher chance of new venture disbanding. Data from Chinese entrepreneurs support these hypotheses.

scholarly journals On What Could Chinese Mining Enterprises Achieve High-Level Environmental Performance?—Based on the fsQCA Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7290
Author(s):  
Zhengjie Gao ◽  
Dayi He ◽  
Shuaifang Niu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
Government Supervision ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions ◽  
High Level

Enterprise environmental performance has causal complexity. The purpose of this paper is to discover the possible combination of conditions for enterprises to achieve high environmental performance. Based on the resource dependence theory, stakeholder theory, and externality theory, this paper constructs the theoretical framework of enterprise environmental performance evaluation and applies the fsQCA method to study the major influencing factors and mechanism of the environmental performance of listed enterprises in the Chinese mining industry. Based on the data from 2016 to 2019, the results show that there are four configurations of multiple factors leading to high environmental performance. Based on these configurations, three possible paths, internally driven, internally–externally driven, and externally driven, are established to improve environmental performance. Further, we also find that, between profitability and government regulation and between enterprise size and board independence are interchangeable condition variables; public attention outweighs other factors for Chinese mining enterprises. Countermeasures and suggestions from perspectives of government supervision, public concern, and enterprise internal governance are proposed at the end the study.

Wining and Dining Government Officials: What Drives Political Networking in Chinese Private Ventures?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1084-1113
Author(s):  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Pei Sun ◽  
Kunyuan Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Corporate Political Activity ◽  
Dyadic Relationship ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACTManagerial networking with political actors has long been recognized as a crucial co-option strategy to navigate the challenging institutional environment in emerging economies. However, we know much less about what drives the variation of political networking investment by private ventures. Drawing on resource dependence theory, we unpack the dyadic business-government relations and identify the key organizational and environmental factors that shape the power dependence relationships between private ventures and the government. By examining power imbalance and mutual dependence in this dyadic relationship and considering both the necessity and the capability of political networking, we develop hypotheses regarding the ways in which size-, connection-, and location-based dependencies affect firms’ political networking intensity. These hypotheses are tested through a unique survey of Chinese private ventures. Our study finds that political networking intensity (1) has an inverted U-shaped relationship with firm size, (2) is negatively associated with the presence of embedded political ties while positively associated with that of achieved political connections, and (3) is smaller when the focal firm is located in business development zones. This research bears rich implications for our understanding of corporate political activity in emerging economies from a resource dependence lens.

Coping with Demographic Change in Job Markets: How Age Diversity Management Contributes to Organisational Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Bieling ◽  
Ruth Maria Stock ◽  
Florian Dorozalla
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Age Diversity ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
Hr Managers

Demographic shifts are altering job markets in developed countries. A steady increase in the average age of employees and a decline in the number of young, qualified workers have intensified the war for talent, resulting in highly competitive and dynamic job markets. Using resource dependence theory, this study investigates how organisations respond to such challenges. An investigation of a sample of 153 German companies provides support for the hypotheses that HR managers implement age diversity management in both appraisal and compensation practices as a response to competitive job markets which, in turn, contributes to organisational performance.

The effect of supplier globalization on firm innovation: a resource dependence theory perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Bai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Institutional Distance ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dependence Theory

PurposeEither buying or making is predicted by the existing literature for firms to reduce dependence. However, firms in the rapid globalization are found to adopt a pattern of buying and making. Specially, they critically rely on foreign firms for needed materials and goods, and invest in innovation against the uncertainty of potential supply disruptions simultaneously. Therefore, this paper seeks to investigate how the depth and width of supplier globalization shape firm innovation together. Moreover, the moderating effects of institutional distance and market competition are also examined in the paper.Design/methodology/approachGrounded on the resource dependence theory, this paper develops a theoretical framework and tests the proposed hypotheses by Poisson model using secondary data from 502 Chinese listed firms with foreign suppliers.FindingsThe depth of supplier globalization has a positive impact on firm innovation, while the width of supplier globalization weakens firm innovation. The depth and width of supplier globalization further interact negatively to influence firm innovation. Moreover, this relationship is enhanced when firms establish relationships with foreign firms with greater institutional distance and is weakened when firms face fiercer product competition.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the literature by evidencing that the existence of foreign suppliers results in firms' enhancement of innovation to secure their operations and showing that diversifying the country origins of foreign suppliers is an effective means to reduce firms' uncertainty about supply disruption. We also advance the understanding regarding the contextual factors in which firms are more likely or less likely to manage the uncertainty about supplier globalization.

Inequities in the allocation of medical resources in China’s Township Health Centers

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Ma ◽  
Linxiu Zhang ◽  
Matthew Boswell
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to produce a high-quality measure of the nature of healthcare resources available in China’s Township Health Centers (THCs), paying particular attention to equity between high- and low-income areas. Design/methodology/approach This study makes use of data from a nearly nationally representative survey in rural China conducted by the Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2011. The samples of towns were selected randomly from 25 counties located in five provinces from different regions of China. Data were collected through questionnaires and direct observation. Findings The THCs located in rich areas have higher levels of human resources than poor areas. THCs in rich areas also have more fixed assets than those in poor areas. In fact, even though the Chinese Ministry of Health mandates that all THCs have certain basic levels of medical equipment and facilities, many THCs in poor areas do not have them. The allocation of mandated equipment is unequal. Practical implications These findings suggest that China’s government should pay more attention to THCs located in poor areas, especially in light of new initiatives to improve health care in poor rural areas. Originality/value This is the first nationally representative study to employ rigorous empirics to investigate the extent of inequality in allocation of resources within THCs across China.

Hiring decisions on certified manpower

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-535
Author(s):  
Huei-Wen Pao ◽  
Cheng-Yu Lee ◽  
Pi-Hui Chung ◽  
Hsueh-Liang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Hiring Decisions ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The industry-wide adoption of a novel practice is often considered to be an institutional change. Although research on institutionalization has been accumulating, how and why embedded actors in the field become motivated to embrace change that remains sidelined. Viewing the introduction of a new human resource management practice, the recruitment of non-compulsory certified manpower, which is still in its infancy in the service sector of Taiwan, as a new institution, the purpose of this paper is to identify the distinct motives behind firms’ hiring decisions, and examine the extent to which such hiring decisions are contingent on institutional conditions and firm attributes. Design/methodology/approach The data used to test the hypotheses were drawn from a survey on service firms in Taiwan in the second half of 2011. Hypotheses were examined through moderated hierarchical regression analyses in a sample of 254 Taiwanese service firms across major sectors. Findings Integrating the resource dependency and social contagion views, the study contends that resource scarcity drives, or legitimacy enables, service firms to deviate from traditional hiring patterns and instead adopt new preferences toward certified manpower. The study not only shows that social factors should be incorporated into the diffusion of a new HR recruitment practice in the service sector, which is traditionally based upon economic considerations, but also sheds light on the context-dependent nature of the process of institutional innovation. Originality/value This study is an attempt not only to test a dual-theoretical model on the extent to which a service firm’s new hiring pattern is influenced by two distinct types of motivation, but also to evidence how an institutional innovation, in terms of the regime of service manpower certification, takes root and spreads in the field. The managerially discretional account of the resource dependence theory needs to be reconciled with social contagion theory, which highlights the influence of collective actions and so provides a better understanding of the diffusion of new HR recruitment practices in the service industry.

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