Faculty Opinions recommendation of Evaluation of clinical outcomes in patients with bloodstream infections due to Gram-negative bacteria according to carbapenem MIC stratification.

Introduction. Bacterial blood infections during febrile neutropenia episodes are urgent medical conditions which were and still are the main cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with hematologic malignancies. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and clinical characteristics of bacteremia, infectious agents, presence and incidence of antibiotic resistance, as well as the treatment outcome of bloodstream infections in patients with hematologic malignancies. Material and Methods. A three-year retrospective study included 107 patients with hematologic malignancies and positive blood culture results during febrile neutropenia. Results. The most common isolates were Gram-negative bacteria (58.5%), with Escherichia coli being the most frequent pathogen. The Gram-negative microorganisms were mostly sensitive to carbapenems in 70.7%, whereas sensitivity to other antibiotics was as follows: piperacillin/ tazobactam 62%, amikacin 58.5%, and third-generation cephalosporins 50.5%. Acinetobacter spp. was sensitive only to colistin (94.1%). The antibiotic sensitivity among Gram-positive bacteria was highest to linezolid (97.1%), followed by teicoplanin (81.4%) and vancomycin (81.4%). In our patients, the mortality rate during the first 28 days from the moment of positive isolates was high (37.4%). Most patients died within the first seven days. Bacterial blood infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria were associated with significantly higher mortality (?2 = 4.92, p = 0.026). Acinetobacter spp. was isolated in almost half of the patients with fatal outcome, of whom 62.5% died in the first 24 hours. Conclusion. Bacterial bloodstream infections are severe complications with a high rate of mortality in febrile neutropenic hematological patients. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common isolates in our Clinic, with high mortality. It is of utmost importance to constantly monitor the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics, as well as to prevent and control the spread of resistant strains. Antibiotics resistance patterns should regularly be followed.

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Predictive value of the kinetics of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein for early clinical stability in patients with bloodstream infections due to Gram-negative bacteria

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease ◽

10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.07.019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 (1) ◽

pp. 63-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Belén Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez ◽

Isabel Morales ◽

Salvador Pérez-Galera ◽

Patricia Fernández-Riejos ◽

Pilar Retamar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Clinical Stability

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Removal efficiency of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using a natural coagulant during coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation processes

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2019.433 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 80 (9) ◽

pp. 1787-1795 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shazwana Sha'arani ◽

Siti Noor Fitriah Azizan ◽

Fazrena Nadia Md Akhir ◽

Muhamad Ali Muhammad Yuzir ◽

Nor'azizi Othman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Food Poisoning ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Membrane Composition ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Jar Test ◽

Sedimentation Processes

Abstract Staphylococcus sp. as Gram-positive and Escherichia coli as Gram-negative are bacterial pathogens and can cause primary bloodstream infections and food poisoning. Coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation processes could be a reliable treatment for bacterial removal because suspended, colloidal, and soluble particles can be removed. Chemical coagulants, such as alum, are commonly used. However, these chemical coagulants are not environmentally friendly. This present study evaluated the effectiveness of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation processes for removing Staphylococcus sp. and E. coli using diatomite with standard jar test equipment at different pH values. Staphylococcus sp. demonstrated 85.61% and 77.23% significant removal in diatomite and alum, respectively, at pH 5. At pH 7, the removal efficiency decreased to 79.41% and 64.13% for Staphylococcus sp. and E. coli, respectively. At pH 9, there was a decrease in Staphylococcus sp. after adding diatomite or alum compared with that of E. coli. The different removal efficiencies of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria could be owing to the membrane composition and different structures in the bacteria. This study indicates that diatomite has higher efficiency in removing bacteria at pH 5 and can be considered as a potential coagulant to replace alum for removing bacteria by the coagulation process.

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