scholarly journals Faculty Opinions recommendation of Low ABA concentration promotes root growth and hydrotropism through relief of ABA INSENSITIVE 1-mediated inhibition of plasma membrane H+-ATPase 2.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Aba Insensitive

scholarly journals Low ABA concentration promotes root growth and hydrotropism through relief of ABA INSENSITIVE 1-mediated inhibition of plasma membrane H+-ATPase 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. eabd4113
Author(s):  
Rui Miao ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Irene Garcia-Maquilon ◽  
Xiaolin Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Normal Medium ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Quadruple Mutant ◽  
Aba Insensitive ◽  
Aba Receptors

The hab1-1abi1-2abi2-2pp2ca-1 quadruple mutant (Qabi2-2) seedlings lacking key negative regulators of ABA signaling, namely, clade A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs), show more apoplastic H+ efflux in roots and display an enhanced root growth under normal medium or water stress medium compared to the wild type. The presence of low ABA concentration (0.1 micromolar), inhibiting PP2C activity via monomeric ABA receptors, enhances root apoplastic H+ efflux and growth of the wild type, resembling the Qabi2-2 phenotype in normal medium. Qabi2-2 seedlings also demonstrate increased hydrotropism compared to the wild type in obliquely-oriented hydrotropic experimental system, and asymmetric H+ efflux in root elongation zone is crucial for root hydrotropism. Moreover, we reveal that Arabidopsis ABA-insensitive 1, a key PP2C in ABA signaling, interacts directly with the C terminus of Arabidopsis plasma membrane H+-dependent adenosine triphosphatase 2 (AHA2) and dephosphorylates its penultimate threonine residue (Thr947), whose dephosphorylation negatively regulates AHA2.

scholarly journals Developmental Distribution of the Plasma Membrane-Enriched Proteome in the Maize Primary Root Growth Zone

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Priyamvada Voothuluru ◽  
Mineo Yamaguchi ◽  
Robert E. Sharp ◽  
Scott C. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Primary Root Growth

scholarly journals Plasma membrane proteomics in the maize primary root growth zone: novel insights into root growth adaptation to water stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 2043-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyamvada Voothuluru ◽  
Jeffrey C. Anderson ◽  
Robert E. Sharp ◽  
Scott C. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Membrane Proteomics ◽  
Primary Root Growth ◽  
Growth Adaptation

scholarly journals The PLUTO plastidial nucleobase transporter also transports the thiamin precursor hydroxymethylpyrimidine

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume A.W. Beaudoin ◽  
Timothy S. Johnson ◽  
Andrew D. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Bacterial Genomes ◽  
Thiamin Biosynthesis ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Arabidopsis Homolog

In plants, the hydroxymethylpyrimidine (HMP) and thiazole precursors of thiamin are synthesized and coupled together to form thiamin in plastids. Mutants unable to form HMP can be rescued by exogenous HMP, implying the presence of HMP transporters in the plasma membrane and plastids. Analysis of bacterial genomes revealed a transporter gene that is chromosomally clustered with thiamin biosynthesis and salvage genes. Its closest Arabidopsis homolog, the plastidic nucleobase transporter (PLUTO), is co-expressed with several thiamin biosynthetic enzymes. Heterologous expression of PLUTO in Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae increased sensitivity to a toxic HMP analog, and disrupting PLUTO in an HMP-requiring Arabidopsis line reduced root growth at low HMP concentrations. These data implicate PLUTO in plastidial transport and salvage of HMP.

scholarly journals Alkamides: a new class of plant growth regulators linked to humic acid bioactivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Basílio Zandonadi ◽  
Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Matos ◽  
Rosane Nora Castro ◽  
Riccardo Spaccini ◽  
Fábio Lopes Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Unbound Fraction ◽  
New Class

Abstract Background The use of humic substances as plant biostimulants has been increasingly attracting farmers and stunning researchers. The ability of these substances to enhance root growth by changing root architecture is often linked to their hormonal activities, such as auxin effects and nitric oxide production. Humeomics accesses the molecular constituents of humic substances, revealing the importance of alkyl components because of their conformations and chemical activities. Here, we describe the alkamides present in humic acids and compare their bioactivities using plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity level as a biochemical marker. Methods Humic acids isolated from vermicompost were analyzed using 13C and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The unbound fraction was extracted with ethyl acetate and submitted to gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to detect the presence of N-isopropyldecanamide. We synthesized N-isopropyldecanamide and treated maize seedlings for 7 and 15 days with different concentrations. The root growth and plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity were monitored. Nitric oxide accumulation in the lateral roots was imaged using 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate. The results were compared with those obtained for seedlings treated with humic acids isolated from vermicompost. Results The amide functional group produced the only nitrogen signal in the 15N humic acid resonance spectrum and similar alkamide moieties were found in the unbound humic extract through comparisons using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The synthesis of N-isopropyldecanamide had few steps and produced a high yield (86%). The effects of N-isopropyldecanamide on root growth were concentration dependent. High concentrations (10−4 M) enhanced root growth after 15 day of diminishing shoot biomass. However, low concentrations (10−8 M and 10−6 M) promoted root growth at 7 and 15 days, similar to the humic acid-induced plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity. Both N-isopropyldecanamide and humic acids enhanced nitric oxide accumulation during lateral root emergence. Conclusion We described for the first time the effects of N-isopropyldecanamide on the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity in maize seedling roots and compared its effects with those caused by humic acids. N-Isopropyldecanamide was detected in the unbound fraction of the humic supramolecular assembly, indicating that the putative hormone-like effects of these substances result also from the presence of this new class of plant regulators, in addition to other molecules.

Seed ageing-induced inhibition of germination and post-germination root growth is related to lower activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase in maize roots

2009 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hólmfríđur Sveinsdóttir ◽  
Feng Yan ◽  
Yiyong Zhu ◽  
Tina Peiter-Volk ◽  
Sven Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Lower Activity ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Seed Ageing

scholarly journals Antagonistic cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling regulate plasma membrane H -fluxes for root growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanxin Li ◽  
Inge Verstraeten ◽  
Mark Roosjen ◽  
Koji Takahashi ◽  
Lesia Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Growth Modulation ◽  
Auxin Signalling ◽  
Direct Growth ◽  
Simultaneous Activation ◽  
Growth Adaptation ◽  
Apoplast Acidification

Abstract Growth regulation tailors plant development to its environment. A showcase is growth adaptation to gravity, where shoots bend up and roots down. This paradox is based on different responses to the phytohormone auxin, which promotes cell expansion in shoots, while inhibiting it in roots via a yet unknown cellular mechanism. Here, by combining microfluidics, live imaging, genetic engineering and phospho-proteomics in Arabidopsis thaliana, we reveal how auxin inhibits root growth. We show that auxin activates two distinct, antagonistically acting signalling pathways that converge on the rapid regulation of the apoplastic pH, which is the direct growth-determining mechanism. Cell surface-based TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE 1 (TMK1) interacts with and mediates phosphorylation and activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPases for apoplast acidification, while intracellular TIR1/AFB-mediated signalling triggers net cellular H+-influx, causing apoplast alkalinisation. The simultaneous activation of these two counteracting mechanisms poises the root for a rapid, fine-tuned growth modulation to subtle changes in the environment.

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