scholarly journals The examination of flesh firmness in different apple varieties

2019 ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Mihály Orosz-Tóth ◽  
Sándorné Kincses
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
First Year ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
The Given

Of the different physical features of fruits, one important quality feature is flesh hardness. This is an important parameter to be considered when selling fresh apples, for the manufacturing industry and when entering into storage. In our research, we examined 7 apple varieties, in 2016 and 2017, from the establishment of KITE Zrt. in Derecske and the Horticultural Experimentation Site of Pallag (Pallagi Kertészeti Kísérleti Telep). The plantations took place in accordance with intensive apple production. In both years, samples were collected at the time ripening of the given apple variety. Of the examined apple varieties, 5 of them are resistant to scab (Gaia, Isaaq, Modí, Smeralda, Fujion), 1 is not resistant (Golden Reinders) and 1 (Pinova) is moderately susceptible to scab. The scab resistant apple varieties were correlated to the non-resistant Golden Reinders. Flesh firmness was measured with a fruit penetrometer in each of the seven apple varieties. In the first year a two-month storage experiment was carried out, where the flash firmness after harvest, and after one-month and two-month storage was measured. The results were assessed with the help of the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 program. The goal is to compare the apple varieties based on their flesh firmness, in particular with regard to the resistant varieties. The Isaaq 8.81–8.82 N/cm2 , the Modí 9.18–9.59 N/cm2 and the Fujion 8.66–9.13 N/cm2 , all of which are scab resistant apple varieties, showed a significant initial flesh firmness. During storage, the Pinova apple variety flesh firmness changed the most favourably.

scholarly journals Flesh firmness examination of scab-resistant apple varieties in a storage experiment

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Mihály Orosz-Tóth ◽  
Sándorné Kincses
Keyword(s):  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Fruit Processing ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
The Given ◽  
Aggressive Effect

Of the different physical characteristics of fruits, one of the most essential qualities is flesh firmness, as is an important parameter when selling fresh apples, processing the fruit (processing industry) and during its storage. In the scope of our research, we examined five apple varieties originating from the Derecske horticultural site of KITE cPlc. in 2016. The plantation was planted to be suitable for intensive apple production. Samples were collected at the time of maturity (August-October) of the given variety. The five examined apple varieties (Gaia, Isaaq, Modí, Smeralda and Fujion) are all resistant to apple scab (fungal disease caused by Venturia inaequalis). The two-month storage experiment was conducted at 16-17 °C, which had an aggressive effect on our stored apples. Flesh firmness, weight and diameter were measured on three dates for each of the five apple varieties. Our results were evaluated using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. We aimed to compare flesh firmness, weight and diameter of the five apple varieties and their changes during storage. Isaaq (86.34 N/cm2), Modí (94.06 N/cm2) and Fujion (84.90 N/cm2) had outstanding initial flesh firmness results. The Modí apple variety provided the best storage parameters.

scholarly journals Development of the antioxidant indexes (FRAP, TFC, TPC) of scabbing resistant apple varieties in storage

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Mihály Orosz-Tóth ◽  
Sándorné Kincses
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
The Given

One of the most important groups of bioactive substances in apples are antioxidants, which have a health-preserving effect. The amount of these compounds varies not only during the ripening of the apple fruit, but also continuously during post-harvest storage. A growing group of health-conscious consumers are looking for apple varieties with a nutritional value that satisfies their needs. In the scope of our research, we examined 5 apple varieties originating from the Derecske horticultural site of KITE cPlc. in 2016. The plantation was planted to be suitable for intensive apple production. Samples were collected at the time of maturity (August-October) of the given variety. The 5 examined apple varieties (Gaia, Isaaq, Modí, Smeralda and Fujion) are all resistant to apple scab (fungal disease caused by Venturia inaequalis). The 2-month storage experiment was conducted at 16–17 °C, which had an aggressive effect on our stored apples. Total polyphenol (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content as well as FRAP values of the apples were measured. Measurements were taken immediately after harvest and after 1 and 2 months of storage. Our results were evaluated by using the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. Our aim was to compare the antioxidant results of 5 scab-resistant apple varieties, which change continuously during storage. The antioxidant content of our apple varieties increased during 2 months storage. The best result was achieved by the Modí apple variety (FRAP: 467.32 mg/100g; TFC: 317.76 mg/100g; TPC: 1771.97 mg/100g). Consumers may want to consume apples stored for a longer period of time if they are to absorb large amounts of antioxidants.

Model-Eliciting Activities: A Research-Based Method for Inquiry Learning and Professional Development in the Engineering Classroom

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Student Development ◽  
Engineering Problem ◽  
First Year ◽  
Foundation Engineering ◽  
Underrepresented Populations ◽  
Model Eliciting Activities ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
The Given ◽  
Mathematics And Science

Attracting students to engineering is a challenge. In addition, ABET requires that engineering graduates be able to work on multi-disciplinary teams and apply mathematics and science when solving engineering problems. One manner of integrating teamwork and engineering contexts in a first-year foundation engineering course is through the use of Model-Eliciting Activities (MEAs) — realistic, client-driven problems based on the models and modeling theoretical framework. A Model-Eliciting Activity (MEA) is a real-world client-driven problem. The solution of an MEA requires the use of one or more mathematical or engineering concepts that are unspecified by the problem — students must make new sense of their existing knowledge and understandings to formulate a generalizable mathematical model that can be used by the client to solve the given and similar problems. An MEA creates an environment in which skills beyond mathematical abilities are valued because the focus is not on the use of prescribed equations and algorithms but on the use of a broader spectrum of skills required for effective engineering problem-solving. Carefully constructed MEAs can begin to prepare students to communicate and work effectively in teams; to adopt and adapt conceptual tools; to construct, describe, and explain complex systems; and to cope with complex systems. MEAs provide a learning environment that is tailored to a more diverse population than typical engineering course experiences as they allow students with different backgrounds and values to emerge as talented, and that adapting these types of activities to engineering courses has the potential to go beyond “filling the gaps” to “opening doors” to women and underrepresented populations in engineering. Further, MEAs provide evidence of student development in regards to ABET standards. Through NSF-funded grants, multiple MEAs have been developed and implemented with a MSE-flavored nanotechnology theme. This paper will focus on the content, implementation, and student results of one of these MEAs.

Extended Geometric Filter for Reconstruction as a Basis for Computational Inspection

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Miropolsky ◽  
Anath Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Inspection Process ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Scan Data

The inspection of machined objects is one of the most important quality control tasks in the manufacturing industry. Contemporary scanning technologies have provided the impetus for the development of computational inspection methods, where the computer model of the manufactured object is reconstructed from the scan data, and then verified against its digital design model. Scan data, however, are typically very large scale (i.e., many points), unorganized, noisy, and incomplete. Therefore, reconstruction is problematic. To overcome the above problems the reconstruction methods may exploit diverse feature data, that is, diverse information about the properties of the scanned object. Based on this concept, the paper proposes a new method for denoising and reduction in scan data by extended geometric filter. The proposed method is applied directly on the scanned points and is automatic, fast, and straightforward to implement. The paper demonstrates the integration of the proposed method into the framework of the computational inspection process.

scholarly journals Growth Performance of ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ Cultivars Grafted onto Dwarf Rootstocks: a Preliminary Study in Eastern Anatolia

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil İbrahim OĞUZ ◽  
Teyar M. TAŞ ◽  
Ferhat MURADOĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
First Year ◽  
A Value ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Fuji Apple ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
Dwarf Rootstocks

This study was carried out to determine the growth performance of ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ apple varieties, which are widley grown in Turkey, grafted to dwarf rootstocks within their initial two years under continental ecological conditions of the Van Region in East Anatolia. In the first year, the vegetative characters of the cultivars were measured, whereas the yield and the growth rate were both determined in the second year. The yields of ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ varieties were 2.38 and 3.88 kg, with average fruit weights of 173.71 g and 136.76 g, respectively. The concentrations of soluble solids, an important quality attribute, were 11.2% and 12.9% for ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’, respectively. Titratable acidity, which indicates the maturity of the fruit and specifies the market suitability, was found to be 0.37% in ‘Granny Smith’ and 0.52% in ‘Fuji’. Although some properties differed between these cultivars, the firmness of both cultivars was the same, with a value of 6.6 libre. Although both varieties have a double sigmoid vegetative growth, ‘Granny Smith’’s vegetative growth was relatively better than that of ‘Fuji’, whereas ‘Fuji’ had a higher productivity. However, for precise evaluation of yields, the period of economical production is required. Preliminary results of morphological, phenological, and pomological tests showed that the varieties ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Fuji’ grafted onto dwarf rootstocks have a potential for increased production in the Van region of Eastern Turkey.

scholarly journals Compost application in integrated and organic fruit cultivation

2012 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Anita Szabó ◽  
István Gonda ◽  
Inre Vágó
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
One Year ◽  
Organic Fruit

Nowadays the success vegetable and fruit production are unimaginable without regular nutrient management. One of the ways to supply the required nutrients in an environmentally friendly way is the application of composts, which is less widespread so far. Compost doses were applied in biological and integrated apple orchards in cooperation with the Institute of Horticultural Science in the years 2010 and 2011. Different changes were resulted by the compost treatments in the examined parameters in case of both apple varieties (Golden Delicious and Pinova). There is no clear effect of compost on the changes of ash-, total acids, Vitamin C and the sugar content until now, because the improvement of the nutritional indicators takes more time. However significant differences were observed after one year between the apple varieties. Higher ash-, total acids and sugar content were measured in case of the apple variety Pinova, while the measurements showed higher Vitamin C content in case of the variety Golden Delicious.

scholarly journals Fluorescent properties of surface tissues of apples of different varieties in the green area of spectrum

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectrum ◽  
Fluorescent Properties ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Color Mapping ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Green Area ◽  
Fluorescence Maximum ◽  
The Difference

Background: Traditional methods of the content and composition of fruits nutrients determining are labor-intensive and material-intensive, require grinding and special processing of biological material. The fluorescent method is one of the most modern and promising. It allows determining physiological and metabolic parameters without plant tissues destruction. Therefore, the patterns and causes of differences identification of the different apple varieties fluorescent properties is an important task, which will solve the problem of non-invasive determination of the composition and content of useful substances in fruits. Objectives: The determination of the surface tissues fluorescent properties in the green area of the fluorescence spectrum of apple varieties with different coloring of exocarp is the purpose of the work. Materials and methods: The object of the study is apples of four popular winter varieties, close in maturity, with different coloring of exocarp. The method of fluorescence spectroscopy of the apples surface tissues was used. The excitation was made by a semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 405 nm and a power of 36 mW, operating in a continuous mode. The apples coloring is defined as the coordinate a of the CIELAB color mapping system. Results: It was found that the wavelength of the maximum in the green area of the fluorescence spectrum of different apple varieties surface tissues differs by approximately 8–18 nm. At the same time, the difference of wavelengths of the maximum in the red area for different apple varieties does not exceed 5 nm. It was found that wavelength of the maximum in the green area of the fluorescence spectrum differs in different varieties in accordance with the coloring of the exocarp. If green color prevails in the exocarp coloring the fluorescence maximum in the green area has a longer wavelength, and if red prevails it has a shorter wavelength, while if yellow prevails, the wavelength occupies an intermediate position. Conclusions: The pigment composition of the surface tissues of apples affects on their fluorescence in the green area of the spectrum. Possible reasons for the differences of the maximum wavelength in the green area of the fluorescence spectrum are the variability of flavonols composition depending on the apple variety and the influence of red pigments.

scholarly journals Energy Aspects of Exploitation of Pruning Residues from Apple Production

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Miloš Pajić ◽  
Milan Dražić ◽  
Vesna Pajić ◽  
Dušan Radojičić ◽  
Kosta Gligorević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Pruning Residues ◽  
Energy Aspects

Large quantities of biomass result from fruit pruning, which is a re­quired pomotechnical operation. Long-standing practice of destroying and burning the pruning residues is hard to change, although energy and envi­ronmental indicators point to the importance of the proper biomass exploitation. The aim of this study is to show the quantity and energy value of pruning residues from apple production, as well as ways and means of their proper exploitation. In Republicof Serbia, apple is grown at 40,000 ha, with the usual biomass yield (3 t ha-1 pruning residues). Upper heating value of pruning residues for two apple varieties (Idared and Jonagold), with 42.36% moisture, was 18.14 MJ kg-1 average.

Extended Geometric Filter for Reconstruction as a Basis for Computational Inspection

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Miropolsky ◽  
Anath Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Method ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Inspection Process ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Scan Data

Inspection of machined objects is one of the most important quality control tasks in the manufacturing industry. Contemporary scanning technologies have provided the impetus for the development of computational inspection methods, where the computer model of the manufactured object is reconstructed from the scan data, and then verified against its design computer model. Scan data, however, is typically very large scale (i.e. many points), unorganized, noisy and incomplete. Therefore, reconstruction is problematic. To overcome the above problems the reconstruction methods may exploit diverse feature data, that is, diverse information about the properties of the scanned object. Based on this concept, the paper proposes a new method for de-noising and reduction of scan data by Extended Geometric Filter (EGF). The proposed method is applied directly on the scanned points and is automatic, fast and straightforward to implement. The paper demonstrates the integration of the proposed method into the framework of the computational inspection process.

Assessment of Friction Behavior with Surface Location Error Analysis in Milling Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
N.A. Rafan ◽  
Siti Nur Madihah Ab Rashid ◽  
Z. Jamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Location Error ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Error Location ◽  
Surface Location Error ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Surface Location

Accurate roundness or circularity measurement is essential to obtain correct functioning of assemblies, making roundness an important quality control parameter in manufacturing industry. Since circular motion while milling a circular work piece leads to quadrant glitches, a phenomenon familiar with existence of highly nonlinear friction behavior, roundness measurement was conducted to investigate this surface location error due to feed rate of the moving work table. This paper presents friction behavior on a milling process circular work piece in line resulted from identified surface error location (SLE).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document