scholarly journals Evaluation of antiviral treatment for hepatitis B with tenofovir and entecavir at the viral hepatitis outpatient clinic of the tropical medicine research center in Rondônia / Avaliação do tratamento antiviral da hepatite B com tenofovir e entecavir no ambulatório de hepatites virais do centro de pesquisa em medicina tropical de Rondônia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 102779-102793
Author(s):  
Guilherme Cerqueira Colombo ◽  
Tárcio Peixoto Roca ◽  
Felipe Souza Nogueira-Lima ◽  
Leticia Nascimento Moraes ◽  
Luan Felipo Botelho Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Hépatite B ◽  
Medicine Research

scholarly journals Investment Case for a Comprehensive Package of Interventions Against Hepatitis B in China: Applied Modeling to Help National Strategy Planning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shevanthi Nayagam ◽  
Polin Chan ◽  
Kun Zhao ◽  
Elisa Sicuri ◽  
Xiaochun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In 2016, the first global viral hepatitis elimination targets were endorsed. An estimated one-third of the world’s population of individuals with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection live in China and liver cancer is the sixth leading cause of mortality, but coverage of first-line antiviral treatment was low. In 2015, China was one of the first countries to initiate a consultative process for a renewed approach to viral hepatitis. We present the investment case for the scale-up of a comprehensive package of HBV interventions. Methods A dynamic simulation model of HBV was developed and used to simulate the Chinese HBV epidemic. We evaluated the impact, costs, and return on investment of a comprehensive package of prevention and treatment interventions from a societal perspective, incorporating costs of management of end-stage liver disease and lost productivity costs. Results Despite the successes of historical vaccination scale-up since 1992, there will be a projected 60 million people still living with HBV in 2030 and 10 million HBV-related deaths, including 5.7 million HBV-related cancer deaths between 2015 and 2030. This could be reduced by 2.1 million by highly active case-finding and optimal antiviral treatment regimens. The package of interventions is likely to have a positive return on investment to society of US$1.57 per US dollar invested. Conclusions Increases in HBV-related deaths for the next few decades pose a major public health threat in China. Active case-finding and access to optimal antiviral treatment are required to mitigate this risk. This investment case approach provides a real-world example of how applied modeling can support national dialog and inform policy planning.

scholarly journals Etiological and pathogenetic aspects of diagnosis and treatment of viral hepatitides

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Kh Fazylov
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Metabolic Correction

The commencement address highlights the results of the long-term scientific research of the department of infectious diseases of the Kazan State Medical University on the problems of viral hepatitides diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The era of research of the acute viral hepatitides was based primarily on the clinical and biochemical differential diagnosis, considering epidemiologic data and specific prevention (vaccination) of hepatitis A and B. The development of modern technologies opened up new opportunities for etiologic decoding and morphologic evaluation of the infectious process activity in chronic viral hepatitis B, D and C. The results of hepatitis B and C genotyping, opening new opportunities for epidemiologic evaluation of their prevalence and antiviral treatment efficacy prediction, especially in family settings, are presented. A serious contribution is made to the study of latent HBV-infection, which is forming the long-term outcomes to cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathogenetic connection of the systemic endotoxinemia, gastrointestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome and immune dysfunction defined the morphologic and clinical and pathogenetic activity of the chronic viral hepatitis considering its molecular biologic verification. Contemporary diagnostics of chronic viral hepatitis (including HIV-coinfection) allowed to obtain the encouraging results in the development of the modern methods of antiviral (interferone, cytokines, nucle-os(t)ide analogs) and pathogenetic (metabolic correction - dimethyloxobuthylphosphonyldimethylate (dimephosphon), medical ozone, hepatoprotectors) treatment, in perspective - clinical use of direct antiviral agents (inhibitors of protease, polymerase etc.).

Viral hepatitis and Parkinson disease

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (17) ◽  
pp. 1630-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Pakpoor ◽  
Alastair Noyce ◽  
Raph Goldacre ◽  
Marianna Selkihova ◽  
Stephen Mullin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Active Hepatitis ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Episodes Of Care

Objective:To study associations between viral hepatitis and Parkinson disease (PD).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was done by analyzing linked English National Hospital Episode Statistics and mortality data (1999–2011). Cohorts of individuals with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, and HIV were constructed, and compared to a reference cohort for subsequent rates of PD.Results:The standardized rate ratio (RR) of PD following hepatitis B was 1.76 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–2.37) (p < 0.001), based on 44 observed compared with 25 expected cases. The RR of PD following hepatitis C was 1.51 (95% CI, 1.18–1.9) (p < 0.001), based on 48.5 expected and 73 observed cases. There was no significant association between autoimmune hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis or HIV, and subsequent PD. When including only those episodes of care for PD that occurred first at least 1 year following each exposure condition, the RR for hepatitis B and hepatitis C were 1.82 (1.29–2.5) and 1.43 (1.09–1.84), respectively.Conclusions:We report strong evidence in favor of an elevation of rates of subsequent PD in patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis C. These findings may be explained by factors peculiar to viral hepatitis, but whether it reflects consequences of infection, shared disease mechanisms, or the result of antiviral treatment remains to be elucidated. Further work is needed to confirm this association and to investigate pathophysiologic pathways, potentially advancing etiologic understanding of PD more broadly.

scholarly journals PREVALÊNCIA DE MARCADORES SOROLÓGICOS DO VÍRUS DA HEPATITE B (HBV) NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE URBANO SANTOS, AXIXÁ, HUMBERTO DE CAMPOS, MORROS E ICATU: RESULTADOS PARCIAIS DE UM ESTUDO DE BASE POPULACIONAL

2014 ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Camila Maia Valente ◽  
Adalgisa De Souza Paiva Ferreira ◽  
Ludmilla Emília Martins Costa ◽  
Lena Maria Barros Fonseca ◽  
Max Diego Cruz Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
The State ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Hépatite B ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Serologic Markers

As hepatites virais são doenças que apresentam distribuição universal. No Brasil, há grande variação regional na prevalência de cada hepatite. A prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) nas capitais do Nordeste é de 0,5%. Não há informações sobre a prevalência desta infecção no estado do Maranhão. Em estudo realizado no ano de 2010 com pacientes do Maranhão observou-se que muitos portadores do HBV eram provenientes dos municípios de Urbano Santos, Axixá, Morros, Icatu e Humberto de Campos. Esta maior frequência também já vinha sendo observada pelo Programa de Hepatites Virais da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde. Essas observações sugerem que esta é uma região onde a prevalência do HBV pode ser maior que a descrita para a região Nordeste do Brasil. Este trabalho objetiva identificar os indivíduos com sorologia positiva para os marcadores do HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBc total e anti-HBs). Trata-se de um estudo de prevalência com base em uma população definida. A amos-tra é composta por 4.000 pessoas residentes nos municípios citados. Os pacientes foram entrevistados mediante um questionário epidemiológico, demográfico e clínico. Posteriormente foram coletadas amos-tras de sangue para realização dos exames sorológicos e moleculares. Das 871 amostras testadas até o momento, a prevalência do HBsAg foi de 2.99%. As prevalências de anti-HBc total e anti-HBs foram 32.53% e 40.34%, respectivamente. Anti-HBs isoladamente positivo esteve presente em 19.63%. Esta prevalência do HBsAg identificada até o momento sugere que aquela região tenha uma endemicidade intermediária para infecção crônica pelo HBV.Palavras-chave: Hepatite. Prevalência. Maranhão.  PREVALENCE OF SEROLOGIC MARKERS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) IN THE TOWNS OF URBANO SANTOS, AXIXÁ, HUMBERTO DE CAMPOS, MORROS AND ICATÚ: PARTIAL RESULTS OF A POPULATIONAL SURVEY ABSTRACT: Viral hepatitis is a disease that presents universal distribution. In Brazil there is substantial regional variation in the prevalence of each hepatitis. The prevalence of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the capitals of the Northeast is 0.5%. There is no information about the prevalence of this infec-tion in the state of Maranhão. In a study conducted in 2010 patients with Maranhão be noted that many HBV carriers were from the cities of Urbano Santos, Axixá, Morros, Icatu and Humberto de Campos. This increased frequency also was already being observed by the State Department of Health Viral Hepatitis Program. These observations suggest that this is a region where the prevalence of HBV may be greater than that described for the Northeast region of Brazil. This paper intends to identify individuals with positive serology for HBsAg markers, anti-HBc and anti-HBs in HBV. This is a prevalence study based on a defined population. The sample consists of 4,000 people living in that cities. Patients were interviewed using an epidemiological, demographic and clinical questionnaire. Subsequently, blood samples were collected to measure the serological and molecular tests. Among 871 samples examined so far, the prevalence of HB-sAg was 2.99% so far. The prevalence of anti-HBc and anti-HBs were 32.53% and 40.34%, respectively. Positive isolated anti-HBs was present in 19.63%. This prevalence of HBV infection, detected so far in the study, identifies this region as intermediate endemicity.KEYWORDS: Hepatitis. Prevalence. Maranhão State PREVALENCIA DE MARCADORES SEROLÓGICOS DEL VIRUS DE HEPATITIS B (HBV) EN LOS MUNICIPIOS DE URBANO SANTOS, AXIXÁ, HUMBERTO DE CAMPOS, MORROS E ICATÚ: RESULTADOS PARCIALES DE UN ESTUDIO CON BASE EN LA POBLACIÓN.RESUMEN: Las hepatitis virales son enfermedades que presentan distribución universal. En Brasil, hay gran variación regional en la prevalencia de cada hepatitis. La prevalencia de la infección por el virus de hepatitis B (HBV) en las capitales del Nordeste es de 0,5%. No hay informaciones sobre la prevalencia de esta infección en el Estado de Maranhão. En estudio realizado en el año de 2010 con pacientes de Maranhão se observó que muchos portadores de HBV eran provenientes de los municipios de Urbano Santos, Axixá, Morros, Icatú y Humberto de Campos. Esta mayor frecuencia también ya estaba siendo observada por el Programa de Hepatitis Virales de la Secretaría Estadual de Salud. Estas observaciones sugieren que esta es una región donde la prevalencia de la HBV puede ser mayor que la descrita para la región Nordeste de Brasil. Este trabajo busca identificar a los individuos con serología positiva para los marcadores HBsAg, anti-HBc total y anti-HBs de la HBV. Se trata de un estudio de prevalencia con base en una población definida. La muestra es compuesta por 4.000 personas residentes en los municipios de Urbano Santos, Axixá, Humberto de Campos, Morros e Icatú. Los pacientes fueron entrevistados me-diante un cuestionario epidemiológico, demográfico y clínico. Posteriormente fueron recogidas muestras de sangre para realización de los exámenes serológicos y moleculares. De las 871 serologías realizadas, la prevalencia de HBsAg fue de 2.99%. Las prevalencias de anti-HBc Total y anti-HBs fueron 32.53% y 40.34%, respectivamente. Anti-HBs aisladamente positivo estuvo presente en 19.63%. La prevalencia de2.99% de la infección por la HBV, detectada hasta el momento por el estudio, identifica esta región como de endemicidad intermediaria.PALABRAS CLAVE: Hepatitis. Prevalencia. Maranhão.

scholarly journals Hepatite B e C: diagnóstico e tratamento

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Daniel Rodrigues Viana ◽  
Nathalia Mundoco Veloso ◽  
Osvaldo Carvalho Neto ◽  
Nicolas Garcia Papacosta ◽  
Gabriel Martins Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Nucleoside Analogs ◽  
Hépatite C ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Hépatite B

INTRODUÇÃO: As hepatites virais são consideradas as principais doenças hepáticas, podendo levar a quadros mais graves, como a cirrose e o carcinoma hepatocelular, tornando-se um importante problema de saúde pública. Tem distribuição global com áreas de altos índices de endemicidade, sobretudo em países asiáticos. Os principais agentes envolvidos são os vírus da hepatite A, B, C, D, E. O vírus da hepatite B e C se destacam nesse meio devido à grande capacidade de cronificação. As formas de transmissão são basicamente através do contato com fluidos corporais infectados, através de transfusões sanguíneas, uso de drogas injetáveis, transmissão vertical, etc. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um artigo de revisão no qual, a partir das palavras “hepatite B” e “hepatite C”, foi realizado busca por periódicos nos bancos de dados: PubMed, Scielo, Portal Periódicos CAPES e Google acadêmico. CONCLUSÃO: As hepatites B e C podem se apresentar apenas de forma aguda, ou podem se cronificar. O diagnóstico geralmente é realizado tardiamente, pois, na grande maioria dos casos apresenta-se oligossintomáticas ou até mesmo assintomática. O diagnóstico é feito através de exames sorológicos e quantificação viral através do PCR. O tratamento é basicamente sintomático, porem nos casos crônicos, é indicado uso de medicações, como interferons peguilhados e análogos de nucleosideos.   Palavras-chave: Hepatites virais; Hepatite B; Hepatite C. INTRODUCTION: Viral hepatitis are considered as one of the major liver diseases, being able to lead more severe outcomes, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma becoming an important public health problem. It has global distribution with areas of high endemicity, especially in Asian countries. The main agents involved are hepatitis A virus, B, C, D, E. The hepatitis B and C viruses stand out in the middle of a chronicling ability. As the transmission forms are basically through contact with infected body fluids, through blood transfusions, injecting drug use, vertical transmission, etc. METHODOLOGY: This is a review article, from the words "hepatitis B" and "Hepatitis C", was carried out by search for journals in databases: PubMed, Scielo, Portal Periodicos CAPES and Google academic. CONCLUSION: The hepatitis B and C can either be only a form of acute, or can be chronic. Therefore, the diagnosis is often late, since in the vast majority of cases it is oligosymptomatic or even asymptomatic. The diagnosis is made through serological tests and viral quantification through PCR. The treatment is basically with symptomatic, such as pegged interferon’s and nucleoside analogs. Keywords: Viral hepatitis; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C.

Interferon in the treatment of viral hepatitis. The interferon was discovered 50 years ago

2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (33) ◽  
pp. 1539-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Fehér ◽  
Gabriella Lengyel
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Interferon Alfa

Az interferonok heterogén összetételű glycoproteinek, melyeket a vírusfertőzés hatására, az immunválasz során, az élő sejtek termelnek. Felfedezésük éppen fél évszázaddal ezelőtt történt. Daganatellenes, antivirális és immunmoduláns hatásúak. A terápiában használatos interferonok görög betűkkel jelölt formái utalnak az eredetre: az interferon-alfa leukocita-eredetű, az interferon-béta fibroblastokból származó, az interferon-gamma pedig lymphocyta-eredetű immuninterferon. A humán gyógyászatban a természetes és rekombináns interferonokat egyaránt alkalmazzák. A polietilén-glikollal történő összekapcsolás az interferonkészítmény tartós hatását biztosítja. Jelenleg a klinikumban leginkább hepatitis B és C vírus okozta krónikus hepatitisben a vírus eliminálására, valamint az onkológiában daganatprogresszió gátlására alkalmazzák.

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