Elaboração de “Shake” à base de pó da acerola (malpighia emarginata D.C.) verde: características sensoriais e microbiológicas / Preparation of "Shake" based on powder of green acerola (malpighia emarginata D.C.): sensory and microbiological characteristics

: Roxithromycin is one of the most frequently used macrolide antibiotics, a safe group of antimicrobials that acts against Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria. It is sold in several countries in different dosage forms (tablets and capsules) and strengths (50, 100, 150 and 300 mg). Several analytical methods have been described to quantify roxithromycin in different matrices, such as biological and environmental samples and food. Identifying the main characteristics of the drugs and selecting appropriate analytical methods for their quantification are of paramount importance for understanding the behavior of drugs, metabolites and impurities. This review presents the physicalchemical and microbiological characteristics, properties as well as methods for quantification of roxithromycin in biological fluids, pharmaceutical preparations, food and environmental samples. HPLC coupled to various detection systems is the most used analytical technique to determine roxithromycin in these matrices. Although many analytical methods have been reported for the analysis of this drug, it is very important to include in this context a prospective view, in order to implement new analytical technologies for the quality control of this antimicrobial that contribute to the preservation of economic and environmental impacts.

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Clinical and microbiological characteristics of nosocomial, healthcare-associated, and community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in Guangzhou, China

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control ◽

10.1186/s13756-021-00910-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tingting Le ◽

Ling Wang ◽

Chaoying Zeng ◽

Leiwen Fu ◽

Zhihua Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Empirical Therapy ◽

Clonal Diversity ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Microbiological Characteristics ◽

Carbapenemase Gene ◽

Cross Transmission ◽

Healthcare Associated

Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a common pathogen associated with hospital and community-onset infections. This study aimed to compare the clinical and microbiological characteristics of nosocomial, healthcare-associated (HCA), and community-acquired (CA) K. pneumoniae infections. Methods Clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records and analyzed retrospectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production were determined for all identified strains. Carbapenemase and ESBL genes were amplified by PCR. Genotyping of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) and ESBL-producing strains was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results Of 379 K. pneumoniae infections, 98 (25.9%) were nosocomial, 195 (51.5%) were healthcare-associated, and 86 (22.6%) were community-acquired. Hematological malignancy (OR = 4.467), and hypertension (OR = 2.08) and cerebral vascular disease (OR = 2.486) were associated with nosocomial and HCA infections respectively, when compared to CA infections. Overall, the incidence of antimicrobial resistance for the majority of agents tested was similar between nosocomial and HCA infections (P > 0.05) and both groups had a higher incidence than CA infections (P < 0.05). Moreover, 95.1% (78/82) of CRKP strains were isolated from the nosocomial and HCA groups. The blaKPC was the most prevalent carbapenemase gene among CRKP strains (80.5%, 66/82). ESBL-producing strains were prevalent among nosocomial (40.8%), HCA (35.9%) and CA groups (24.4%). The blaCTX-M-9-group and blaCTX-M-1-group genes were predominant in nosocomial (65.0%) and CA strains (66.7%), respectively. PFGE results showed ESBL-producing and CRKP strains were genetically diverse. Identical PFGE profiles were observed among HCA and nosocomial strains. Conclusions Nosocomial and HCA K. pneumoniae infections presented similar clinical features and antimicrobial resistance, and both two types of infections were different to CA infections. CRKP and ESBL-producing strains were disseminated mainly in HCA and nosocomial groups, and showed a clonal diversity. The cross transmission of CRKP was existed among HCA and nosocomial patients. This finding suggests that similar empirical therapy should be considered for patients with nosocomial and HCA K. pneumoniae infections and bacterial resistance surveillance of these infections is necessary.

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Microbiology, Histopathology, and Radiographic Findings in Silent Sinus Syndrome

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.1177/1945892421989161 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194589242198916

Author(s):

Henry D. Zheng ◽

Jeffrey C. Mecham ◽

Yassmeen Abdel-Aty ◽

Devyani Lal ◽

Michael J. Marino

Keyword(s):

Maxillary Sinusitis ◽

Dental Disease ◽

Radiographic Findings ◽

Silent Sinus Syndrome ◽

Microbiological Characteristics ◽

Phone Survey ◽

Computed Tomography Scans ◽

History Of ◽

Mechanical Factors ◽

Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis

Background The histopathology and microbiology associated with silent sinus syndrome (SSS) have not been well described. Objective This study details the histopathological and microbiological characteristics in addition to radiographic findings of SSS in comparison to those of chronic maxillary sinusitis (CRS). Methods 42 patients diagnosed with SSS at Mayo Clinic Hospital in Arizona were identified. Paranasal computed tomography scans of the 42 SSS patients as well as 42 matched CRS patients were analyzed in order to assess differences in the prevalence of septal spurs/deviation. 20 of the SSS patients and 19 of the matched CRS patients also had histopathology and microbiology reports, which were compiled and summarized. Additionally, 19 SSS and 19 matched CRS patients were contacted via phone survey for a more complete patient history regarding maxillary dental disease/surgery. Results SSS patients have a significantly higher prevalence of septal spurs/deviation than CRS patients. The microbiomes of SSS patients more closely resemble those of healthy controls than those of CRS patients. Analysis of the histopathology of SSS reveals chronic, non-specific inflammation similar to that seen in non-eosinophilic CRS without polyps. SSS patients were significantly more likely to have a history of maxillary dental disease requiring surgery. Conclusion These data support the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of SSS is more likely due to anatomical/mechanical factors than inflammatory/microbiological factors.

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Comparison of Microbiological Characteristics and Genetic Diversity between Burkholderia cepacia Complex Isolates from Vascular Access and Other Clinical Infections

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9010051 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Min Yi Wong ◽

Yuan-Hsi Tseng ◽

Tsung-Yu Huang ◽

Bor-Shyh Lin ◽

Chun-Wu Tung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Vascular Access ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽

Reca Gene ◽

Clinical Effects ◽

Environmental Distribution ◽

Microbiological Characteristics

Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is a group of closely related bacteria with widespread environmental distribution. BCC bacteria are opportunistic pathogens that cause nosocomial infections in patients, especially cystic fibrosis (CF). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is used nowadays to differentiate species within the BCC complex. This study collected 41 BCC isolates from vascular access infections (VAIs) and other clinical infections between 2014 and 2020. We preliminarily identified bacterial isolates using standard biochemical procedures and further conducted recA gene sequencing and MLST for species identification. We determined genetic diversity indices using bioinformatics software. We studied 14 isolates retrieved from patients with VAIs and observed that Burkholderia cepacia was the predominant bacterial species, and B. contaminans followed by B. cenocepacia were mainly retrieved from patients with other infections. According to MLST data, we identified that all B. contaminans isolates belonged to ST102, while a wide variety of sequence types (STs) were found in B. cenocepacia isolates. In summary, the high diversity and easy transmission of BCC increase BCC infections, which provides insights into their potential clinical effects in non-CF infections.

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