A Remote Operating Slit Lamp Microscope System

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tanabe ◽  
K. Go ◽  
Y. Sakurada ◽  
M. Imasawa ◽  
F. Mabuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Ability ◽  
The Core ◽  
Examination Time ◽  
Loading System ◽  
High Consistency ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Completion Times

SummaryObjectives: To develop a remote-operating slit lamp microscope system (the remote slit lamp) as the core for highly specialized ophthalmology diagnoses, and to compare the utility of this system with the conventional slit lamp microscope system (the conventional slit lamp) in making a diagnosis.Methods: The remote slit lamp system was developed. Three factors were evaluated in comparison to the conventional slit lamp. The ability to acquire skills was investigated using a task loading system among specialists and residents in ophthalmology. Participants repeated a task up to ten times and the time required for each task was analyzed. The consistency of the two systems in making a diagnosis was investigated using eyes of patients with ocular diseases as well as healthy volunteers.Results: The remote slit lamp is composed of a patient’s unit and ophthalmologist’s unit connected by high-speed internet. The two units share images acquired by the slit lamp in addition to the images and voices of patients and ophthalmologists. Both ophthalmology specialists and residents could minimize the completion times after several trials. The remote slit lamp took more time than the conventional slit lamp. Both systems showed a high consistency in evaluations among eyes with healthy eyes or those with ocular diseases.Conclusions: The remote slit lamp has a similar diagnostic ability, but required more examination time in comparison to the conventional slit lamp. The currently developed remote slit lamp has the potential to be employed for telemedicine purposes in the field of ophthalmology.

scholarly journals The effect of a lack of uncapped brood on social interactions between honey bee workers and the queen

Apidologie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Łopuch ◽  
Adam Tofilski
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Honey Bee Workers

AbstractVibro-acoustic communication is used by honey bees in many different social contexts. Our previous research showed that workers interact with their queen outside of the swarming period by means of wing-beating behaviour. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that the wing-beating behaviour of workers attending the queen stimulates her to lay eggs. The behaviour of workers and the queen was recorded using a high-speed camera, at first in the presence of uncapped brood in the nest and then without one. None of the queens performed wing-beating behaviour. On the other hand, the workers attending the queen demonstrated this behaviour two times per minute, on average, even in the presence of uncapped brood in the nest. After removing the combs with the uncapped brood, the incidence of wing-beating behaviour increased significantly to an average of four times per minute. Wing-beating behaviour did not differ significantly in its characteristics when uncapped brood was present or absent in the nest. During 3 days after removing the combs with the uncapped brood, there was no significant increase in the rate of egg lying by the queen. Therefore, the results presented here do not convincingly confirm that the wing-beating behaviour of workers affects the rate of queen's egg-lying. This negative result can be related to colony disturbance and longer time required by the queen to increase egg production.

Interdisciplinary study on pottery experimentally impregnated with wine

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Teodor ◽  
Georgiana Badea ◽  
Andreia Alecu ◽  
Larisa Calu ◽  
Gabriel Radu
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
High Speed ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Electrophoresis Method ◽  
Time Required

AbstractExperimentally developed ceramic pots, with two different sizes of grain, were half-filled with wine and subjected to thermal alteration at constant elevated temperature ((60 ± 2)°C) in darkness for 12 weeks. This work sought to characterise the samples thereby obtained from chemical and mineralogical perspectives using scanning electron microscopy and an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis system (SEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) with UV detection as an alternative to chromatographic methods, due to its good resolution, automation, simplicity, high speed, low consumption of chemicals and short time required for sample preparation. The capillary electrophoresis method was used for the detection of five wine biomarkers: succinic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid and lactic acid. In general, it was noted that the fine-grained ceramic assortment retained the organic material better than the coarser-grained ceramics. An interesting observation derived from this study was that not only could tartaric acid be considered as a biomarker for wine residues in archaeological pottery, but malic acid could also act similarly for white wine and lactic acid for red wine.

Mesoamerican Polyhedral Cores and Prismatic Blades

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don E. Crabtree
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Large Series ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pressure Method ◽  
The Core ◽  
Quality Material ◽  
Muscular Coordination

AbstractThis paper deals with the results of the author"s attempts to replicate the obsidian polyhedral cores and prismatic blades of Mesoamerica. Blades have been produced by the direct percussion, indirect percussion, and pressure methods. The pressure method using a chest crutch and a clamp produces cores and blades which are true replicas of aboriginal specimens. The importance of preforming the core and of platform preparation is stressed, and it is pointed out that, usually, actual removal of the blade offers few problems. However, to produce exhausted cores which show the perfection of aboriginal specimens and a large series of nearly identical blades requires good muscular coordination, high quality material, the establishment of patterns or rhythms of motor habits, and the absence of distractions. The author also discusses the difficulties of recovering from mistakes in manufacture.High-speed photography of prismatic blade removal, at 5,000 frames per second, has helped illustrate the behavior of the material and of the stoneworker. These photographs also indicate that under the present experimental and photographic conditions the author (Crabtree) is able to remove a prismatic blade from a core in about 1,250th of a second.

An efficient improved routing strategy for multilayer networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150078
Author(s):  
Jinlong Ma ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Yaming Li ◽  
Xiangyang Xu ◽  
Weizhan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Structure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Multilayer Networks ◽  
Traffic Dynamics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Transmission Process ◽  
Routing Strategy ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Average Transmission ◽  
Simulation Results

Traffic dynamics of multilayer networks draws continuous attention from different communities since many systems are actually proved to have a multilayer structure. Since the core nodes of network are prone to congested, an effective routing strategy is of great significance to alleviate the congestion of the multilayer networks. In this paper, we propose an efficient improved routing strategy, with which the core nodes that can reasonably avoid congestion at the high-speed layer in the transmission process of packets, and can also make the most of the traffic resources of the low-speed layer nodes to optimize the traffic capacity of multilayer networks. The simulation results show that the proposed routing strategy can not only improve the network traffic capacity, but also shorten the average path length and average transmission time.

Planet Formation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris Podolak
Keyword(s):  
Planet Formation ◽  
Giant Planet ◽  
Terrestrial Planet ◽  
Interstellar Space ◽  
Normal Density ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
Gas Giant ◽  
Time Required

Modern observational techniques are still not powerful enough to directly view planet formation, and so it is necessary to rely on theory. However, observations do give two important clues to the formation process. The first is that the most primitive form of material in interstellar space exists as a dilute gas. Some of this gas is unstable against gravitational collapse, and begins to contract. Because the angular momentum of the gas is not zero, it contracts along the spin axis, but remains extended in the plane perpendicular to that axis, so that a disk is formed. Viscous processes in the disk carry most of the mass into the center where a star eventually forms. In the process, almost as a by-product, a planetary system is formed as well. The second clue is the time required. Young stars are indeed observed to have gas disks, composed mostly of hydrogen and helium, surrounding them, and observations tell us that these disks dissipate after about 5 to 10 million years. If planets like Jupiter and Saturn, which are very rich in hydrogen and helium, are to form in such a disk, they must accrete their gas within 5 million years of the time of the formation of the disk. Any formation scenario one proposes must produce Jupiter in that time, although the terrestrial planets, which don’t contain significant amounts of hydrogen and helium, could have taken longer to build. Modern estimates for the formation time of the Earth are of the order of 100 million years. To date there are two main candidate theories for producing Jupiter-like planets. The core accretion (CA) scenario supposes that any solid materials in the disk slowly coagulate into protoplanetary cores with progressively larger masses. If the core remains small enough it won’t have a strong enough gravitational force to attract gas from the surrounding disk, and the result will be a terrestrial planet. If the core grows large enough (of the order of ten Earth masses), and the disk has not yet dissipated, then the planetary embryo can attract gas from the surrounding disk and grow to be a gas giant. If the disk dissipates before the process is complete, the result will be an object like Uranus or Neptune, which has a small, but significant, complement of hydrogen and helium. The main question is whether the protoplanetary core can grow large enough before the disk dissipates. A second scenario is the disk instability (DI) scenario. This scenario posits that the disk itself is unstable and tends to develop regions of higher than normal density. Such regions collapse under their own gravity to form Jupiter-mass protoplanets. In the DI scenario a Jupiter-mass clump of gas can form—in several hundred years which will eventually contract into a gas giant planet. The difficulty here is to bring the disk to a condition where such instabilities will form. Now that we have discovered nearly 3000 planetary systems, there will be numerous examples against which to test these scenarios.

A New Design of Circular Li-Ion Battery Sorting Equipment Based on High-Speed Robot

2014 ◽  
Vol 541-542 ◽  
pp. 1067-1071
Author(s):  
Jiang Ping Mei ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Zhen Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Parallel Robot ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
The Core ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Sorting Efficiency ◽  
Core Part ◽  
Battery Industry

This paper mainly describes the development work of the Li-Ion battery sorting equipment based on the Delta-S parallel robot to satisfy the manufacturing requirements. The system functional requirements are analyzed to determine the general framework of the equipment. The parallel robot is detailed designed as the core part. The 3-4-5 times polynomial motion law is adopted to optimize the motion of Delta-S parallel robot. Additionally, the control system based on PLC assisted with motion control module is proposed to realize automation production. The experimental results show that this equipment can meet the needs for sorting efficiency of battery industry, and will have a significant effect on the application of original technology of parallel robot.

Toolpath Generation Method Based on Control Characteristics of Machine Tool for High-Speed and High-Accuracy Machining

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Saito ◽  
◽  
Hideki Aoyama ◽  
Noriaki Sano ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Drive Control ◽  
Interpolation Problems ◽  
Nc Machine ◽  
Nc Machine Tools ◽  
Time Required

Drive control of NC machine tools is based on linear interpolation. When curved surfaces are machined using linear interpolation, problems arise with the feedrate not reaching the command feedrate, machining accuracy and surface quality decreasing, etc. In order to solve such problems, a method for generating a toolpath based on the control characteristics of a machine tool is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed through simulations and experiments. It is found that the proposed method can reduce the cutting time to approximately 50% of the time required when conventional CAM systems are used. The proposed method also improves surface quality.

scholarly journals High-speed spelling with a noninvasive brain–computer interface

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (44) ◽  
pp. E6058-E6067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Chen ◽  
Yijun Wang ◽  
Masaki Nakanishi ◽  
Xiaorong Gao ◽  
Tzyy-Ping Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Target Identification ◽  
Modulation Method ◽  
Identification Algorithm ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Modulation And Demodulation ◽  
Individual Calibration ◽  
High Consistency

The past 20 years have witnessed unprecedented progress in brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). However, low communication rates remain key obstacles to BCI-based communication in humans. This study presents an electroencephalogram-based BCI speller that can achieve information transfer rates (ITRs) up to 5.32 bits per second, the highest ITRs reported in BCI spellers using either noninvasive or invasive methods. Based on extremely high consistency of frequency and phase observed between visual flickering signals and the elicited single-trial steady-state visual evoked potentials, this study developed a synchronous modulation and demodulation paradigm to implement the speller. Specifically, this study proposed a new joint frequency-phase modulation method to tag 40 characters with 0.5-s-long flickering signals and developed a user-specific target identification algorithm using individual calibration data. The speller achieved high ITRs in online spelling tasks. This study demonstrates that BCIs can provide a truly naturalistic high-speed communication channel using noninvasively recorded brain activities.

The Properties of Water Hydraulic High-Speed On/Off Valve Ceramic-Based

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
Qing Hui Wang ◽  
Zhang Yong Wu ◽  
Zhen Hua Duan ◽  
Cheng Zhuo Wen ◽  
Xi Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Ceramic Core ◽  
The Core ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Water Hydraulic ◽  
Loss Method

In order to solve the severe wear problem of the core in water hydraulic high-speed on/off valve, according to the requirements of high-speed on/off valve components in water hydraulic transmission and from the practical standpoint, the core manufactured with ceramic materials could bring its advantages of high strength, big hardness, good wearability, non-affection with corrosion into play.By the wear-resisting experiment the wear case of Si3N4 ceramic core has been studied with weight-loss method by electronic analysis balanc.The results show that the core manufactured with Si3N4 has high abrasion resistance and low wear rate, and the structure design of water hydraulic high-speed on/off valve with ceramic core is reasonable and the performance is good.

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