scholarly journals Assessment of the Diagnostic Validities of Serum NGAL, KIM-1, and L-FABP in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Tahmineh Ostovar ◽  
Hosein Rezaei ◽  
Javad Zavar Reza
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most threatening and important disorders worldwide in both industrial and developing nations. In addition, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) are three factors suggested as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in CKDs. Considering the lack of enough efficiency of the creatinine in the prognosis of the CKD, the present study aimed to assess the relationship between these three factors and CKD occurrence and determine if they could be considered valid biomarkers in this regard. Materials and Methods: The present case-control study was designed enrolling 42 patients with confirmed CKD referring to the Imam Khomeini hospital of Kangan. The participants were 42 years old and gender-matched healthy counterparts. Blood samples were obtained, and then NGAL, KIM-1, and L-FABP were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using commercial kits (Bioassay Technology Laboratory). Finally, the serum creatinine was detected by applying Jaffe’s method. Results: Based on the results, significant differences were found in the serum levels of all four factors between CKD patients and the control group. More precisely, the serum levels of NGAL (P < 0.0001, specificity: 87.6%, sensitivity: 79.3%, and the area under the curve, AUC: 0.89), L-FABP (P < 0.0001, specificity: 83.3%, sensitivity: 78.3%, and AUC: 0.86), KIM-1 (P < 0.0001, specificity: 85.7%, sensitivity: 78.6%, and AUC: 0.88), and creatinine (P < 0.0001) were significantly higher in individuals with CKDs in comparison with controls. Eventually, the serum levels of NGAL, L-FABP, and KIM-1 were significantly correlated with each other in both patient and control groups (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: In general, NGAL, L-FABP, KIM-1, and creatinine could be used as independent biomarkers for the diagnosis of CKD. Moreover, the measurement of NGAL, L-FABP, and KIM-1 altogether could be a valid assessment for the diagnosis of CKD.

scholarly journals Circulating Biomarker Levels in Patients With Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease With Respect to Neurovascular Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (9_suppl) ◽  
pp. 314S-322S
Author(s):  
Justin Lee ◽  
Ryan McMillan ◽  
Leonidas Skiadopoulos ◽  
Vinod Bansal ◽  
José Biller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Carotid Artery Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1

The prevalence of neurocognitive deficits remains high in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5D). Major contributors to such deficits include stroke, cervical carotid artery disease (CCAD), and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). The risk of developing these dysfunctional vascular processes is facilitated by the chronic inflammation associated with renal failure. Plasma levels of 10 circulating biomarkers in patients with CKD5D (n = 78-90) were quantified using the sandwich enzyme linked immune sorbent assay method. Biomarkers for this study included kidney injury molecule-1, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin-18, endothelin 1, calcifediol, parathyroid hormone, platelet-derived growth factor, microparticles-expressing tissue factor, and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). Of the 90 patients with CKD5D, 30 had CCAD, 24 had ICAD, and 22 had stroke. Lp(a) level was significantly elevated in patients with CKD5D with comorbid ICAD compared to those without (125.70 ± 10.03 ng/mL vs 97.16 ± 5.97 ng/mL; P = .0065). NT-proBNP level was also significantly elevated in patients with CKD5D with comorbid stroke diagnosis compared to those without stroke history, once patients with a diagnosis of heart failure (HF) were excluded (14.84 ± 2.80 ng/mL vs 9.06 ± 1.27 ng/mL; P = .0283). Profiling levels of Lp(a) and NT-ProBNP could thus be useful in the risk stratification of ICAD and stroke, respectively, in the CKD5D population.

scholarly journals Urinary Measurement of Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Helps Diagnose Acute Pyelonephritis in a Preclinical Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hahn-Ey Lee ◽  
Sun Hee Lee ◽  
Minki Baek ◽  
Hwang Choi ◽  
Kwanjin Park
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Urinary Ngal ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1 ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Background. The study assessed whether measurement of urinary biomarkers of acute kidney injury could be helpful in diagnosing acute pyelonephritis and subsequent scarring. Method. Escherichia coli J96 (0.3 mL inoculum containing 1×109/mL) was directly injected into the renal cortex of 3-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats (n=20), with saline substituted in a control group (n=10). Following the injection, urine was collected 2, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days after injection. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), and interleukin-18 were quantitatively measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of the biomarkers were adjusted for creatinine. Time course changes within a group or between the groups were compared. Correlation analysis was performed to understand the relationship between urinary levels and histological scarring. Results. Significantly elevated urinary NGAL was evident at two and seven days after injection, and Kim-1 was elevated at two days after injection. Receiver operating characteristic analyses confirmed the sensitivity of these markers at these times. No urinary marker at acute stage of APN was correlated with the amount of future scarring, negating their predictive value. Conclusion. Urinary NGAL and Kim-1 could be helpful in diagnosing febrile urinary tract infection in children.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of AKI Progression after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1549-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason H. Greenberg ◽  
Michael Zappitelli ◽  
Yaqi Jia ◽  
Heather R. Thiessen-Philbrook ◽  
Christina A. de Fontnouvelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Therapeutic Trials ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1

Background As children progress to higher stages of AKI, the risk for adverse outcomes dramatically increases. No reliable methods exist to predict AKI progression in hospitalized children. To determine if biomarkers of inflammation and kidney injury can predict AKI progression, we conducted a three-center prospective cohort study of children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods On the first day of serum creatinine–defined AKI, we measured urine biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin [NGAL], IL-18, kidney injury molecule 1, liver fatty acid binding protein [L-FABP], albumin, and cystatin C) and plasma biomarkers (IFN, IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, TNF-α, NGAL, and cystatin C). We defined AKI progression as a worsening of AKI stage or persisting stage 3 AKI (≥2 consecutive days).Results In all, 176 of 408 (43%) children developed postoperative AKI. Among the children with AKI, we diagnosed stages 1, 2, and 3 AKI in 145 (82.5%), 25 (14%), and six (3.5%) children, respectively, on the first day of AKI; 28 (7%) children had AKI progression. On the first day of AKI, nine of 17 biomarkers were significantly higher in patients with than without AKI progression. Urine L-FABP (among injury biomarkers) and plasma IL-8 (among inflammatory biomarkers) had the highest discrimination for AKI progression: optimism-corrected area under the curve, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.81 and optimism-corrected area under the curve, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 0.91, respectively.Conclusions If validated in additional cohorts, plasma IL-8 could be used to improve clinical care and guide enrollment in therapeutic trials of AKI.

scholarly journals Poor Glycemic Control Can Increase the Plasma Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Concentration in Normoalbuminuric Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Moon Bae Ahn ◽  
Kyoung Soon Cho ◽  
Seul Ki Kim ◽  
Shin Hee Kim ◽  
Won Kyoung Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1 ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular complication in childhood diabetes and microalbuminuria has been a solid indicator in the assessment of DN. Nevertheless, renal injury may still occur in the presence of normoalbuminuria (NA) and various tubular injury biomarkers have been proposed to assess such damage. This case-controlled study aimed to evaluate plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels in diabetic children particularly in those with normo- and high-NA stages and determine their role in predicting DN. Fifty-four children/adolescents with type 1 and 2 diabetes and forty-four controls aged 7–18 years were included. The baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics including plasma and urinary biomarkers were compared. The plasma KIM-1 levels were significantly higher in diabetic children than in the controls and in high-NA children than normo-NA children. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was identified as a significant risk factor for increased plasma KIM-1. The optimal cutoff for HbA1c when the plasma KIM-1 was > 23.10 pg/mL was 6.75% with an area under the curve of 0.77. For diabetic children with mildly increased albuminuria, the plasma KIM-1 complementary to MA may help increase the yield of detecting DN. Our findings also suggested an HbA1c cutoff of 6.75% correlated with increased plasma KIM-1.

Clinical utility of urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein measured by latex-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay in chronic kidney disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Kamijo-Ikemori ◽  
Takeshi Sugaya ◽  
Maki Yoshida ◽  
Seiko Hoshino ◽  
Satoshi Akatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein

AbstractBackground:Urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA) was approved as a clinical biomarker of tubular damage by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) in 2011. We evaluated a new latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay (LTIA) to evaluate the clinical utility of urinary L-FABP measured by LTIA versus an ELISA assay.Methods:LTIA with anti-human L-FABP mouse monoclonal antibodies was performed using an automated clinical chemistry analyzer. Five positive samples with low, medium and high L-FABP concentrations were analyzed to determine the within-run precision. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (n=91), urinary L-FABP levels were measured by ELISA and LTIA.Results:Measurement of urinary L-FABP revealed urinary L-FABP levels within 30 min. The within-run coefficient of variation was 10.0% for 1.4 ng/mL, 4.4% for 2.5 ng/mL, 3.2% for 9.8 ng/mL, 1.5% for 50.1 ng/mL, and 1.2% for 102.7 ng/mL. Concentrations of urinary L-FABP measured by LTIA were significantly correlated with those measured by ELISA (ρ=0.932). Proportional systematic error was almost within limits of agreement (LOA). Urinary L-FABP levels measured by LTIA were significantly correlated with urinary albumin (ρ=0.634), urinary NAG (ρ=0.688) and eGFR (ρ=–0.561).Conclusions:Measurement of urinary L-FABP by LITA was simple, speedy, and similar in quality to ELISA results. Therefore, this method was approved as external body diagnosing medicines by the Japanese MHLW in 2014. Urinary L-FABP is expected to be widely used in various pathophysiological conditions by measuring urinary L-FABP using LTIA.

STUDY OF SERUM NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN CONCENTERATIONS AS A MARKER OF RENAL FUNCTION IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-190
Author(s):  
G.G. Kaushik ◽  
Shubham Maheshwari ◽  
Ankita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase ◽  
Sensitive Marker

Introduction: Serum lipocalin 2 serve as a marker for kidney function. Lipocalin 2 is found in both CKD and kidney injury and it rises in acute kidney injury (AKI) and in patients have faster decline in kidney function. Aims And Objectives: To nd out correlation and assess of serum Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin 2 (NGAL 2) in patients with stages 2 to 4 of Chronic Kidney disease. The aim of the study was NGAL could represent a novel, sensitive marker of kidney function in adult patients with CKD. Material And Methods: Study involved 120 patients divided in Case group (60 patients) attended medical/ urology OPD or admitted in medical/urology ward of CKD2 – CKD4 while control group – age and sex matched healthy individuals/ stage I CKD patients was taken as control. The plasma/ serum were used for serum urea, creatinine, Cystatin C and lipocalin 2 under all aseptic precaution on receiving consent. Result:The patients of CKD included in study were having glomerulonephritis (46.7%), pyelonephritis (21.7%), diabetic kidney disease (13.3%), polycystic kidney disease (1.7%) and other causes (16.7%). CKD patients demonstrated elevated serum NGAL 159.14 ± 48.73 ng/ml, together with a rise in urea 59.9 ± 17.6 mg/dL, serum creatinine 1.56 ± 0.97 mg/dL and Cystatin C 199 ± 113 ng/ml as compared to control have serum NGAL 76.31 ± 26.34 ng/ml, urea 22.3 ± 5.7 mg/dL, serum creatinine 0.75 ± 0.14 mg/dL and Cystatin C 76 ± 17 ng/ml (P value <0.05). Conclusion: Serum NGAL closely correlates with serum Cystatin C, creatinine, and eGFR, and serve as a potential early and sensitive marker of impaired kidney function/ kidney injury.

scholarly journals Dickkopf-3 in the prediction of contrast media induced acute kidney injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix S. Seibert ◽  
Anja Heringhaus ◽  
Nikolaos Pagonas ◽  
Benjamin Rohn ◽  
Frederic Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury Network ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Creatinine Concentration

Abstract Background Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) has recently been discovered as a urinary biomarker for the prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery. This finding needs to be confirmed for AKI in other clinical settings. The present study investigates whether DKK3 can predict contrast-induced AKI (CI-AKI). Methods We performed a prospective study in 490 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Primary endpoint was an increase in serum creatinine concentration ≥ 0.3 mg/dl within 72 h after the procedure. DKK3 was assessed < 24 h before coronary angiography. Predictive accuracy was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results CI-AKI was observed in 30 (6.1%) patients, of whom 27 corresponded to stage I and 3 to stage II according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria. Subjects who developed CI-AKI had a 3.8-fold higher urinary DKK3/creatinine ratio than those without CI-AKI (7.5 pg/mg [interquartile range [IQR] 1.2–1392.0] vs. 2.0 pg/mg [IQR 0.9–174.0]; p = 0.047). ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.61. Among subjects without clinically overt chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] > 60 ml/min, urinary albumin creatinine ratio < 30 mg/g), the DKK3/creatinine ratio was 5.4-fold higher in those with subsequent CI-AKI (7.5 pg/mg [IQR 0.9–590.1] vs. 1.38 pg/mg [IQR 0.8–51.0]; p = 0.007; AUC 0.62). Coronary angiography was associated with a 43 times increase in the urinary DKK3/creatinine ratio. Conclusions Urinary DKK3 is an independent predictor of CI-AKI even in the absence of overt chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study thereby expands the findings on DKK3 in the prediction of postoperative loss of kidney function to other entities of AKI. Graphic abstract

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