PLANNING OF THE STRUCTURE OF 5G TRANSPORT NETWORKS BASED ON SDN/NFV TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Ю. ЦЫМ ◽  
О.А. БЫЧКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Location ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Network Function ◽  
5G Network

Сформулированы основные требования к построению транспортных сетей 5G на основе технологий программно-конфигурируемых сетей SDN/NFV. Приведены положения типовой методики планирования структуры транспортных сетей 5G. Показаны алгоритмы расчета и оптимального расположения контроллеров в структуре сетей 5G, а также определения оптимальных групп коммутаторов, общая нагрузка на которые не превышает максимальную производительность контроллеров сети 5G. The basic requirements for the construction of 5G transport networks based on the technologies of software-defined networks (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) are formulated. The main provisions of a typical methodology for the planning of the structure of 5G transport networks are presented. Algorithms for calculation and optimal location of controllers in the structure of 5G networks are shown. Algorithms for determining the optimal groups of switches, the total load on whichdoes not exceed the maximumperformance of 5G network controllers, are also discussed.

scholarly journals Resource Allocation in 4G and 5G Networks: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lavanya-Nehan Degambur ◽  
Avinash Mungur ◽  
Sheeba Armoogum ◽  
Sameerchand Pudaruth
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Memory Space ◽  
Network Function ◽  
5G Network ◽  
End To End

The advent of 4G and 5G broadband wireless networks brings several challenges with respect to resource allocation in the networks. In an interconnected network of wireless devices, users, and devices, all compete for scarce resources which further emphasizes the fair and efficient allocation of those resources for the proper functioning of the networks. The purpose of this study is to discover the different factors that are involved in resource allocation in 4G and 5G networks. The methodology used was an empirical study using qualitative techniques by performing literature reviews on the state of art in 4G and 5G networks, analyze their respective architectures and resource allocation mechanisms, discover parameters, criteria and provide recommendations. It was observed that resource allocation is primarily done with radio resource in 4G and 5G networks, owing to their wireless nature, and resource allocation is measured in terms of delay, fairness, packet loss ratio, spectral efficiency, and throughput. Minimal consideration is given to other resources along the end-to-end 4G and 5G network architectures. This paper defines more types of resources, such as electrical energy, processor cycles and memory space, along end-to-end architectures, whose allocation processes need to be emphasized owing to the inclusion of software defined networking and network function virtualization in 5G network architectures. Thus, more criteria, such as electrical energy usage, processor cycle, and memory to evaluate resource allocation have been proposed.  Finally, ten recommendations have been made to enhance resource allocation along the whole 5G network architecture.

Quality Evaluation of Cloud and Fog Computing Services in 5G Networks

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stojan Kitanov ◽  
Borislav Popovski ◽  
Toni Janevski
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Network Control ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Computing Services ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Intelligent Networking

Because of the increased computing and intelligent networking demands in 5G network, cloud computing alone encounters too many limitations, such as requirements for reduced latency, high mobility, high scalability, and real-time execution. A new paradigm called fog computing has emerged to resolve these issues. Fog computing distributes computing, data processing, and networking services to the edge of the network, closer to end users. Fog applied in 5G significantly improves network performance in terms of spectral and energy efficiency, enable direct device-to-device wireless communications, and support the growing trend of network function virtualization and separation of network control intelligence from radio network hardware. This chapter evaluates the quality of cloud and fog computing services in 5G network, and proposes five algorithms for an optimal selection of 5G RAN according to the service requirements. The results demonstrate that fog computing is a suitable technology solution for 5G networks.

ONAP

2021 ◽  
pp. 212-249
Author(s):  
Eric Debeau ◽  
Veronica Quintuna-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Public Networks ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Network Flexibility ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
Lifecycle Management ◽  
Automation Techniques

The ever-increasing complexity of networks and services advocates for the introduction of automation techniques to facilitate the design, the delivery, and the operation of such networks and services. The emergence of both network function virtualization (NFV) and software-defined networks (SDN) enable network flexibility and adaptability which open the door to on-demand services requiring automation. In aim of holding the increasing number of customized services and the evolved capabilities of public networks, the open network automation platform (ONAP), which is in open source, particularly addresses automation techniques while enabling dynamic orchestration, optimal resource allocation capabilities, and end-to-end service lifecycle management. This chapter addresses the key ONAP features that can be used by industrials and operators to automatically manage and orchestrate a wide set of services ranging from elementary network functions (e.g., firewalls) to more complex services (e.g., 5G network slices).

scholarly journals Intent-Based End-to-End Network Service Orchestration System for Multi-Platforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeel Rafiq ◽  
Asif Mehmood ◽  
Talha Ahmed Khan ◽  
Khizar Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Afaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Service ◽  
Service Orchestration ◽  
Network Function ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Level Information ◽  
End To End ◽  
High Level

On-demand service is the main feature of the 5G network, and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) provides it by virtualizing the existing 5G network infrastructure. NFV crafts various virtual networks on a shared physical network, but one of the core challenges in future 5G networks is to automate the modeling of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) and end-to-end Network Service (NS) orchestration with less human interaction. Traditionally, the descriptor of VNF and NS is created manually, which requires expert-level skills. This manual approach has a big threat of human error, which can be avoided by using the Intent-Based Networking (IBN) approach. The IBN approach eliminates the requirement of expertise for designing VNFs and NS by taking users’ intentions as an input. In this paper, the proposed system presents the Intent Management System for VNF modeling and end-to-end NS orchestration for multi-platforms. This system takes the high-level information related to a specific service, configures it accordingly, and converts it into the selected platform. The proposed system is tested using Mobile Central Office Re-architected as Data Center (M-CORD) and Open-Source Management and Orchestration (OSM) orchestrators. The results section shows that the proposed system reduces the effort of the end-user in creating network slices and provides seamless end-to-end service orchestration.

scholarly journals Securing Virtual Network Function (VNF) in Telco Cloud

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharathkumar Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
Computing Platforms

In the fifth generation mobile communication architecture (5G), network functions which traditionally existed as discrete hardware entities based on custom architectures, are replaced with dynamic, scalable Virtual Network Functions (VNF) that run on general purpose (x86) cloud computing platforms, under the paradigm Network Function Virtualization (NFV). The shift towards a virtualized infrastructure poses its own set of security challenges that need to be addressed. One such challenge that we seek to address in this paper is providing integrity, authenticity and confidentiality protection for VNFs.

scholarly journals Τεχνοοικονομική διαχείριση κινητών δικτύων πέμπτης γεννιάς (5G) και εξής

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Κόλλια. Αναστασία
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Massive Mimo ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna Systems

Σήμερα, η χρήση κινητών δικτύων αποτελεί αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι της καθημερινότητας. Οι χρήστες χρησιμοποιούν το κινητό τόσο για κλήσεις και μηνύματα όσο και για κοινωνικά δίκτυα, βίντεο, ταινίες, εφαρμογές ασκήσεις και φυσικής κατάστασης, παιχνίδια, εφαρμογές γραφείου, ημερολόγια κλπ. Η χρηστικότητα των συσκευών όχι μόνο έχει αλλάξει άρδην τα τελευταία χρόνια, αλλά αναμένεται να μεταβληθεί ακόμα περισσότερο ιδίως όταν εφαρμογές Internet of Things (IoT) προστεθούν στην ήδη διευρυμένη χρήση των κινητών συσκευών. Ακόμα, εμφανίζεται η τάση προσθήκης στο δίκτυο άλλων απλών οικιακών συσκευών και άλλου επιπρόσθετου εξοπλισμού π.χ. ιατρικών μικροσυσκευών, συσκευών παρακολούθησης, καμερών ασφαλείας κλπ. Η διδακτορική αυτή διατριβή αποτελεί μία συνολική μελέτη και περιλαμβάνει ένα πλαίσιο σχετικά με την πέμπτη γενιά κινητής τηλεπικοινωνίας. Αναλύεται η κατάσταση των Τηλεπικοινωνιών στην Ελλάδα σε βάθος. Ακόμα, περιγράφονται οι σημαντικότερες έννοιες και τα πιο βασικά βήματα και οι σημαντικότερες εξελίξεις των υπαρχουσών γενεών κινητών δικτύων επικοινωνίας. Επιπρόσθετα, περιγράφεται το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο για τα κινητά δίκτυα επικοινωνίας, καθώς και διάφοροι όροι, που είναι απαραίτητοι για την κατανόηση της παρούσας διατριβής. Αναλύονται διεξοδικά οι σημαντικότερες τεχνολογίες, που αποτελούν δομικούς λίθους για την ανάπτυξη, αλλά και την εξέλιξη στη δόμηση και ύπαρξη της 5G γενιάς κινητής τηλεπικοινωνίας, όπως έχει ήδη περιγραφεί από πλήθος ερευνητικών δράσεων και περιλαμβάνουν τις τεχνολογίες: Υπέρπυκνες Αρχιτεκτονικές (Ultra-dense), Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS), Network Function Virtualization (NFV), Software Defined Networks (SDN), Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), Cognitive Radio (CR), Milimeter Wave (mmWave), Cloud Computing και IoT και σύγκριση με τις σημερινές τεχνολογίες. Παρατίθενται τεχνο-οικονομικά μοντέλα, με βάση τις πιο σημαντικές τεχνολογίες, που συντελούν στην ανάπτυξη και προώθηση της 5G. Τα μοντέλα αυτά αποτελούν σημαντικό όπλο, ώστε οι πάροχοι να επενδύσουν σε νέες τεχνολογίες, να έχουν κέρδη και να καινοτομούν. Για το σκοπό αυτό επεξηγούνται τα αρχιτεκτονικά μοντέλα, τα μαθηματικά μοντέλα, οι παράμετροι, που επιλέγονται αλλά και τα αντίστοιχα πειράματα, που διεξάγονται για τις τεχνολογίες Ultra-density, DAS, NFV, SDN, Massive MIMO, CR, mmWave. Συνοψίζονται τα κυριότερα συμπεράσματα βάση των επιμέρους μελετών, που πραγματοποιήθηκαν στα πλαίσια της παρούσας διατριβής και προτείνονται ιδέες για μελλοντική έρευνα στον τομέα. Στα πλαίσια αυτά φιλοδοξείται ότι η συγκεκριμένη εργασία θα αποτελέσει ένα βασικό εργαλείο πληροφόρησης και ενημέρωσης για την επιστημονική και τηλεπικοινωνιακή κοινότητα σε ό,τι αναφορά στην τεχνο-οικονομική ανάλυση των τεχνολογιών, που αποτελούν τους θεμέλιους λίθους για τα δίκτυα Πέμπτης γενιάς.

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