scholarly journals Standardized bioassays: An improved method for studying Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FocR4) pathogen stress response in Musa acuminata cv. ‘Berangan’

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Yusmin Mohd-Yusuf ◽  
Norzulaani Khalid ◽  
Jameel R. Al-Obaidi ◽  
Nadiya Akmal Baharum ◽  
Kamilatulhusna Zaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Disease Response ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Bioassay Experiment ◽  
Infection Parameters ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Leaf Symptoms

To date, there is no standardized Fusarium bioassay protocol established owing partly to the wide variety of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) isolates and banana cultivars present. Thus, validation of the infection parameters is deemed essential prior to each bioassay experiment. In the current study, a simple standardized workflow was developed based on available assays for testing Fusarium wilt disease response in Musa acuminata using M. acuminata cv. ‘Berangan’ of tissue-culture origin as a model. The phenotypic assays were able to detect external disease symptoms less than one week post-inoculation, while the molecular approach using RT-qPCR identified differential expression of catalase (CAT), pathogenesis-related 10 (PR10), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and xylanase (XYL) genes as early as day 0. The transcript levels of PR10 and XYL fluctuated over 4 days of Foc Race 4 (FocR4 C1 HIR isolate) infection while the expression of CAT steadily increased over time. In contrast, PAL was highly upregulated at 2 days post-inoculation. These signature changes suggest that all genes tested might be involved in the early defense response of ‘Berangan’ plants against FocR4 infection. ‘Berangan’ cultivar was found to be highly susceptible to Foc Race 4 (C1 HIR isolate) with leaf symptoms index (LSI) and rhizome discoloration index (RDI) scores of 4.257 and 5.971, respectively. The procedure elaborated in this study can be used as a reference Foc bioassay for reproducible and comparable results possibly across cultivars and test isolates due to its simple steps aided by integration of phenotypic and molecular approach.

Identification and evaluation of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in Musa acuminata Pahang

Euphytica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 214 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Tinglu Yuan ◽  
Yanzhang Wang ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Tingting Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Race 4

scholarly journals Soil-free pathogenicity assay of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum race 4 on Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense) seedlings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Bo Shim ◽  
Lia D Murty
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Gossypium Barbadense ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Pima Cotton ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Race 4

One of the key early season diseases of cotton is Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov). Recent emergence of highly virulent Fov race 4 (Fov4) and its aggressiveness toward Gossypium barbadense (pima) cultivars are raising significant concerns for the US cotton industry. One of the key challenges in studying Fov4 virulence and cotton Fusarium wilt pathogenesis is establishing a disease assay strategy that can help researcher overcome several technical challenges, including efficient infection and highly reproducible and consistent symptom development. Here, we have developed a small-scale, soil-free Fusarium wilt disease assay that can complement conventional assays with faster symptom development and high reproducibility in infected pima cotton seedlings. Our data showed statistically significant differences (p<0.0001) between Fov4-infected and non-infected pima cotton at 4 and 6 days post inoculation (dpi) when compared to control experiments. At 6 dpi, longitudinal observations under magnification showed Fov4 colonization in primary xylem of infected plants, which is a common symptom observed in Fov4 triggered Fusarium wilt in pima cotton. While this is an artificial assay system, this soil-free disease testing strategy can offer another strategy to supplement current assays when studying pathogen-host interaction in soil-borne diseases.

Detection and characterization of Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum) race 4 causing Fusarium wilt of cotton seedlings in New Mexico, USA

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Abdelraheem Abdelraheem ◽  
Phillip A. Lujan ◽  
John Idowu ◽  
Patrick Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Cotton Fields ◽  
Cotton Belt ◽  
Race 4

Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Atk.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hans (FOV), is one of the most destructive diseases in cotton (Gossypium spp.) worldwide. FOV race 4 (FOV4) is a highly virulent nominal race of this pathogen and is a significant threat to cotton production in the western and southwestern US and potentially the entire Cotton Belt. A field survey in three southern counties of New Mexico was conducted in 619 cotton fields in 2018-2020 to identify FOV4. From 132 samples of cotton plants that exhibited wilt symptoms, Fusarium spp. were the most frequently isolated group of fungal species with an isolation frequency of 57.4%. Eighty-four Fusarium spp. isolates were subsequently characterized by a DNA sequence analysis of three genes, EF-1α, PHO and BT encoding for translation elongation factor, phosphate permease and β-tubulin, respectively. Forty-two isolates were identified to be FOV4 from 10 cotton fields and confirmed with a positive 500 bp fragment that is diagnostic for FOV4. Twenty-six (62%) of the 42 FOV4 isolates were T type and the remainder (38%) were Null type with and without a Tfo1 insertion in PHO, respectively; and each FOV4-infested field contained the same FOV4 genotype. Ten representative FOV4 isolates with one each from the 10 FOV4-infested fields were evaluated for their pathogenicity on resistant Pima PHY 841 RF and susceptible Upland PHY 725 RF at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post inoculation under temperature-controlled conditions at 21-22°C. Based on disease severity rating (DSR), mortality rate (MR) and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) value, all the 10 isolates were pathogenic to both cotton cultivars and differed in virulence in that four isolates of the T genotype as a whole were more virulent than the six isolates of the N genotype. PHY 841 RF had significantly higher levels of resistance than PHY 725 RF to all FOV4 isolates. The results provide the first comprehensive account of the occurrence, distribution and virulence of FOV4 in cotton production in New Mexico and will be useful in developing an effective strategy to manage FW in both the state of New Mexico and entire southwestern Cotton Belt.

Comparative analysis of infection process in Pima cotton differing in resistance to Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum race 4

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Abdelraheem Abdelraheem ◽  
Peter Cooke ◽  
Terry Wheeler ◽  
Jane Dever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Root Epidermis ◽  
Plant Maturity ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Positive Results

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum race 4 (FOV4) causes an early season cotton disease including seedling deaths. This study compared two Pima cottons (Gossypium barbadense) in the infection process of FOV4 using a confocal and a scanning electron microscope. Seedlings were grown in a hydroponic system and inoculated with a virulent local FOV4 isolate. As compared to the susceptible Pima S-7, the resistant Pima PHY 841 RF had significantly fewer conidia attached and germinated on the root surface. FOV4 penetration into the root epidermis of PHY 841 RF was delayed until 24 hours post-inoculation (hpi), as compared to 8 hpi in Pima S-7. In Pima S-7, hyphae progressed to the xylem through the cortex between 5 and 7 days post-inoculation. However, hyphae grew much slower in the cortex with no apparent hyphae observed in the xylem of PHY 841 RF. At plant maturity, no FOV4 was detected through fungal isolation and PCR in the stem of PHY 841 RF and its resistance donor parents PHY 800 and Pima S-6, as compared to Pima S-7 and DP 744 with positive results.

Effects of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 on microorganisms and enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of banana

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-hong HUANG ◽  
Shun LÜ ◽  
Chun-yu LI ◽  
Yue-rong WEI ◽  
Gan-jun YI
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Race 4

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium Wilt on Cavendish Bananas, Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (VCG 01213/16), in Vietnam

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Hung ◽  
N. Q. Hung ◽  
D. Mostert ◽  
A. Viljoen ◽  
C. P Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
First Report ◽  
Race 4
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