scholarly journals Comparison of intraocular pressure and central corneal thickness in non-glaucomatous North- East Indian tribals versus general Indians

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Tanie Natung ◽  
Prasanta Kumar Goswami ◽  
Avonuo Keditsu ◽  
Wakaru Shullai
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
East Indian ◽  
North East ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Purpose: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT) of non-glaucomatous North-East (NE) Indian tribals and general Indians.  Materials and methods: In a prospective, cross-sectional study, the IOP and CCT of non-glaucomatous NE Indian tribals (n = 50) and non-glaucomatous general Indians (n = 50) were compared. Glaucoma was ruled out by history, detailed ocular examinations, and investigations. Results: There was very good correlation between the CCT and IOP values of right and left eyes (p = 0.940 and 0.847, respectively). The difference in the IOP values in the two groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.312 for Oculus Dexter [OD], p = 0.400 for Oculus Sinister [OS]). Similarly, the difference in the CCT values in the two groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.736 for OD and 0.613 for OS). The mean CCT and IOP OD for the whole population was 530.50 ± 35.42 μm and 13.80 ± 2.760 mmHg, respectively. By linear regression analysis, the IOP OD of the whole population had good correlation with CCT OD of the whole population (adjusted r2 = 0.084, p = 0.002), but not with age (adjusted r2=0.000, p=0.314) and sex (adjusted r2 = 0.010, p = 0.163). Similarly, CCT OD for the whole population did not have good correlation with age (adjusted r2 = -0.009, p = 0.762) and sex (adjusted r2 = -0.007, p = 0.603). Conclusions: In this study of individuals with normal corneas and without glaucoma, no racial variation was found in the CCT and IOP values of the two groups. The IOP OD of whole population had good correlation with CCT, but not with age and sex. There was good correlation between OD and OS values of IOP and CCT.

scholarly journals Usefulness of the Non-Contact Tonometry in Out-Patient Screening

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh Solomon T Selvin ◽  
Chris Elsa Samson Jacob ◽  
Thomas Kuriakose
Keyword(s):  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iop Measurement ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is considered the gold standard for Intraocular Pressure (IOP) measurement. It has the disadvantages of being a contact device, need for a slit-lamp, non-portability and need of a skilled examiner. Many hospitals are using a Non Contact Tonometry (NCT) as a screening device to save clinician time, however the usefulness is not proved in terms of reliability. This study was aimed to determine the usefulness of the Air-puff tonometer (TONOREF NIDEK II, NIDEK CO., LTD., JAPAN) over a GAT in a tertiary care center. Design: Cross-sectional Study Methods: This was a cross-sectional, non interventional observational study conducted on 224 eyes (right eye) from 224 patients. All patients underwent the IOP measurement with both methods and a central corneal thickness (CCT) measured. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.3±11.29 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between the mean NCT and GAT readings which persisted even after correction for central corneal thickness. The correlation between NCT and GAT using Pearson’s correlation coefficient was strong irrespective of the corrections for their corneal thickness (r = 0.751 and 0.718 for uncorrected and corrected values respectively). The correlation of the individual clinicians for the readings varied from moderate to strong. The ROC curve showed the best sensitivity and specificity to occur at around 13 to 14 mmHg. Conclusion: NCT seems to overestimate the IOP at low ranges as compared to the GAT and underestimate at higher ranges. The crossover of the values is seen between 12 to 13 mmHg.  The clinician should do an individualized analysis of his/her GAT measurements to the readings of the NCT machine at the clinic to obtain clinician specific nomogram. 

scholarly journals Reference values of the central corneal thickness with different refractive errors for the adult Egyptian population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr A. Gab-Alla
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Egyptian Population ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: To generate reference values of the central corneal thickness (CCT) with different refractive errors for the adult Egyptian population. Methods: A retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional study of 2200 eyes in 1166 subjects scheduled for LASIK, who came to private refractive eye center, Ismailia, Egypt. The study period was from January 2018 to January 2020. The subjects were divided into a broad range of myopia with spherical equivalent (SE) <-0.5D and hyperopia SE> +0.5D. Then, the myopic eyes divided into low (SE>-3.0D), moderate (SE-3.0D to >-6.0D), and high (SE<-6.0D). Similarly, the hyperopic eyes were divided into low (SE<+3.0 D) and moderate (SE+3.0D to <+6.0D) and high >+6.0D. The refractive error was measured by an auto-refractometer (Topcon, Tokyo Optical Co., Ltd., Japan), and CCT was measured using Sirius (CSO, Florence, Italy). Results: The data of 1100 myopic eyes in 556 subjects (30.5% males and 69.5% females) and 1100 hyperopic eyes in 610 subjects (33.6% males and 66.4% females). The mean+SD of CCT for the total myopic subjects was 531.98+32.92μm, range (406 to 636μm). The mean+SD of SE was -4.1±2.5D, range (-0.5 to -12.0D). The mean+SD of CCT for the total hyperopic subjects was 529±38.8μm, range (448 to 619 μm). The mean+SD of SE was +3.65+1.97D, range (+0.5 to +8.5D).Conclusion: In this study, the mean of CCT of the Egyptian population was 531.9 μm for myopic and 529μm for hyperopic subjects respectively. The myopic and hyperopic subjects show a reduction in CCT with age. Females have a thinner cornea than males, 23.6% of the myopic eyes, and 16.5% of the hyperopic eyes have CCT less than 500μm.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Resilience and Academic Burnout among Nursing and Midwifery Students in Kermanshah, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Maryam Janatolmakan ◽  
Yousef Torabi ◽  
Shahab Rezaeian ◽  
Bahare Andayeshgar ◽  
Amirabbas Dabiry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Student Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background. Nursing and midwifery students have relatively high levels of academic burnout. One of the mechanisms to combat this issue is resilience. The results related to the association between academic burnout and resilience indicate a negative association, but various studies have reported different correlation coefficients. Therefore, the current study was aimed to investigate the association between resilience and academic burnout among nursing and midwifery students. Methods. A total of 240 nursing and midwifery students were recruited in this cross-sectional study using stratified random sampling. Data were collected by a demographic information questionnaire, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 using t-test, ANOVA, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and linear regression analysis. Results. The mean scores of academic burnout for nursing and midwifery students were 41.4 ± 14.8 and 41.2 ± 12.3, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant ( p  = 0.368). The mean scores of resilience for nursing and midwifery students were 58.1 ± 13.3 and 52.9 ± 13.9, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference ( p  = 0.004). Resilience was significantly inversely correlated with academic burnout in nursing and midwifery students (r = −0.04, p  < 0.001; r = −0.39, p  < 0.001). Increased resilience in students decreased academic burnout ( p  < 0.001). Conclusion. Academic burnout was moderate in nursing and midwifery students, but resilience was relatively high. Given the negative correlation between resilience and academic burnout, it is necessary to strengthen resilience skills and reduce factors that cause academic burnout.

scholarly journals Comparative study of intraocular pressure (IP) in Bangladeshi individuals by contact and non contact technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Sayed Abdul Wadud ◽  
Md. Sharfuddin Ahmad ◽  
Muntasir Bin Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Goldmann Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the most important parameters in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma. Glaucoma has been established as the second leading cause of blindness. The treatment of glaucoma focuses mainly on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). The target IOP is often set to a level 20% to 30% of IOP reduction, and consequent large IOP reduction beyond 30% or even 40% in cases of advanced glaucoma The different methods of tonometery are: Goldman Applanation tonometery, Noncontact (air-puff) tonometery, Perkins tonometery, Tonopen tonometery, Transpalpebral tonometery.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To determine the frequency of accuracy of intraocular pressure (IOP) measured by non-contact (air puff) tonometer compared with Goldmann applanation tonometer.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a non-interventional, cross sectional study conducted at a tertiary care centre of Dhaka, Bangladesh. consecutive subjects attending the BSMMU eye OPD were included in the study. IOP was measured by non-contact (air puff) tonometer and a slit lamp mounted GAT in all the subjects. The study samples were selected by convenience sampling who presented for check-up in the Eye Department of community ophthalmology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. Bangladesh. Results:A total of 120 eyes in 60 patients were studied. The mean age of the patients was 41.60 year. study population consisted of 24 (40 %) men and 36 (60 %) women. The mean intraocular pressure was 13.52 &amp;13.72 mmHg for GAT, and 16.64 &amp; 17.44 mmHg for Air puff respectively. The range of measurements by GAT was from 10 to 23 mmHg and by Air puff was 12 to 28mmHg. The difference between IOP measured by two instruments were statistically significant (p=0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Airpuff tonometer is quick, a non-contact method to measure intraocular pressure and is useful for screening purposes and postoperative case but the measurements should be confirmed with Goldmann applanation tonometer for accurate labelling of intraocular pressure.</p>

scholarly journals A comparative study of central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in University of KwaZulu-Natal students of Black and Indian ethnicity*

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Sardiwalla ◽  
D. Moodley ◽  
T. Ndawonde ◽  
A. Madikizela ◽  
N. Ngobese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Black Males ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Black Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Thisstudy compared central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) of Black and Indian students from the University of Kwa-Zulu-Natal. Two hundred (100 Black and 100 Indi-an) participants of both genders aged 18-25 years (mean and standard deviation; 20.1±1.6 years) participated in this study. CCT and IOP were measured for the right eye of each participant using a Tono-Pachymeter (NT530P) and a Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) respectively. Data was analyzed with descriptive, t-test and Pearson’s cor-relation statistics. In the total sample (N = 200), the mean CCT value was 519.5 ± 38.6 μm and CCT was higher in the Indians (526.5 ± 37.2 µm) than in the Blacks (512.4 ± 38.9 µm) (p = 0.01).  Also, it was higher in the females (522.3 µm) than in males (516.7 µm), but the difference was insignificant (p = 0.07). The mean CCT was higher in the Indian males (520.1 µm) than in the Black males (513.2 µm), but the difference was insignificant (p=0.39).  However, it was significantly higher in the Indian females (533 µm) than in the Black females (511.6 µm) (p = 0.003). In the total sample, the mean IOP was 14.6 mmHg and IOP was greater in Indiansthan Blacks (mean = 15.3 ± 2.9 mmHg and 13.8 ± 2.6 mmHg respectively) (p = 0.01). Also, the mean IOP (N = 200) value was slightly higher in the females (14.7 mmHg) than in males (14.5 mmHg) (p = 0.51). The mean IOP was higher in the Indian males (15.0 mmHg) than in the Black males (14.0 mmHg) (p = 0.07) and the mean IOP value was higher in the Indian females (15.7 mmHg) than in the Black females (13.6 mmHg) (p < 0.001). The higher mean IOP value in the Indian than Black participants was attributed to the higher mean CCT values. A positive, but inconsistent association between CCT and IOP was found in this study, the coefficient in the total sample (r = 0.382, p = 0.000), in the Blacks (r = 0.196, p = 0.05) and in Indians (r = 0.498, p = 0.000). A national population study comparing CCT and IOP in the various South African ethnic groups is recommended. Cognizance of these differences should be taken in the diagnoses of glaucoma in these ethnic groups. (S Afr Optom 2012 71(4) 171-177)

scholarly journals Comparability of three intraocular pressure measurement: iCare pro rebound, non-contact and Goldmann applanation tonometry in different IOP group

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Jia Xu ◽  
Xinyi Chen ◽  
Yuxiang Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Iop Measurement

Abstract Background Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) is essential for glaucoma patients. Many factors such as central corneal thickness (CCT) can affect the accuracy of IOP measurement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agreement of IOP measured by non-contact tonometer (NCT), iCare pro rebound tonometer (iCare), and Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) in different IOP group. Methods This was a Hospital-based cross-sectional study. Two hundred subjects were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent IOP measurement using an NCT–iCare–GAT sequence. Bland-Altman, Pearson correlation and intraclass correlation analysis were performed using SPSS 17.0 software. The influence of CCT on each IOP measurement methods was evaluated by linear regression analysis. Results The mean difference (Δ) of NCT–GAT did not differ from (Δ) iCare–GAT in IOP < 10 and 10–21 mmHg group. However, (Δ) NCT–GAT was significantly higher than (Δ) iCare–GAT in IOP 22–30 and > 30 mmHg group (P < 0.05). Bland–Altman analysis showed significant agreement between the three devices (P < 0.01). IOP measurements of the three methods were significantly correlated with CCT (P < 0.01). Conclusions ICare pro shows a higher agreement with GAT over a wide range of IOP compared with NCT. The consistency between the three tonometers was similar in a low and normal IOP range. However, NCT shows a greater overestimate of IOP in moderate and higher IOP group. The variability of IOP measurement affected by CCT is NCT > iCare pro > GAT.

scholarly journals Measurement and Analysis of Central Corneal Thickness at Different Postnatal Stages in Chinese Premature Infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Chenyi Liu ◽  
Hanfei Wu ◽  
Jimeng Lao ◽  
Sulan Wu ◽  
Xiaoqiong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
The Difference

Purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate central corneal thickness (CCT) in Chinese premature infants at different postnatal stages to study the peak point and analyze influential factors on CCT development. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study of premature infants. Initial CCT measurement was taken at 34 weeks of gestational age (GA) and at intervals until 88 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA) was reached. The comparison and correlation analysis were carried out to access the association of CCT with gender, birth weight (BW), GA, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) for each PMA. The premature infants were divided into the thick CCT group and the thin CCT group according to the average CCT at 40 w. And the difference in CCT between the two groups at subsequent 52 w and 64 w was compared. Results. A total of 1726 premature infants (3463 measurements) with an average of 2.21 ± 1.57 measurements were included in this study. The CCT decreased from 34 w GA to 52 w PMA (R = 92.36, P<0.0001) and then reached a plateau (R = 2.541, P=0.3567). Male P<0.05, low BW P<0.05, and low GA P<0.05 were associated with thicker CCT at the early stage of PMA. The premature infants who had thick CCT at 40 w would have thick CCT at 52 w and 64 w accordingly. Conclusions. The CCT values of premature infants decreased over time and plateaued at 52 w PMA. Gender, BW, and GA were considered as the influential factors of CCT at the early stage of PMA. Moreover, CCT at 40 w could forecast its development trend at 52 w or 64 w after birth.

scholarly journals Influence of Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) on the Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Measurements Taken From Goldmann Applanation Tonometer, Tonopen, and Airpuff Tonometer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anadi Khatri ◽  
Madhu Thapa ◽  
Muna Kharel ◽  
Apoorva Sah ◽  
Kripa Bhattarai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Applanation Tonometer ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Replicate Measurements ◽  
Ultrasonic Pachymetry

Introduction: Intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the basic and most important investigations. Central corneal thickness influences IOP measured by various devices. Objective: In this study, we attempt to determine the agreement and influence of the central corneal thickness in the measurement of IOP obtained by Goldman applanation tonometer, Airpuff tonometer and tonopen. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study of Central corneal thickness (CCT) was done using Ultrasonic pachymetry. IOP was adjusted using Ehler's formula. Mean and the standard deviation was measured using the observed and predicted values for each instrument for its accuracy irrespective of the CCT. Results: 200 eyes of 100 patients were included in the study. Mean IOP measured was 16mmHg (SD 4). Tonopen was found to have closer observed values when compared with the predicted values to IOP obtained by Goldmann's applanation tonometer after CCT adjustments with Mean difference of 0.0134 mmHg with SD of 0.814. Air Puff tonometer was found to be the least accurate with Mean difference -2.08mmHg and SD of 4.704. Linear regression analysis also predicted that while the tonopen tend to underestimate the IOP levels by 5 %, Airpuff tonometer had a tendency to overestimate the IOP by 13%.(p<0.05). Conclusion: Tonopen had the greatest agreement and significant correlation with the GAT over a range of IOP and CCT and replicate measurements that are closest to the values obtained by using GAT after CCT adjustments. CCT adjustments may not even be required or has very little influence on IOP when using Tonopen.

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