scholarly journals SPIROERGOMETRY TESTS OF PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS TERMINATED AT MEDICAL INDICATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-275
Author(s):  
Penka Angelova ◽  
Kostadin Kanalev ◽  
Nikolay Boyadjiev ◽  
Stefan Grancharov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Physical Loading ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Medical Indications ◽  
Functional Indices ◽  
Blood Pressure Reaction

Football is a functional sport requires speed, endurance, combinability and many others specific skills. In order to evaluate physical condition of professional football players different medical, sports and pedagogical, and functional tests are applied. Tests with loading are used for assessment of physical working capacity and the adaptation to physical loading. Spiroergometry tests give additional information about the condition of cardiovascular system and the aerobic capacity of the sportsmen.The aim of the study was to analyze results from spiroergometry tests of professional soccer players in Bulgaria.A group of 26 healthy professional soccer players, age 18-25 years, voluntary underwent spiroergometry test with veloergometer, with stepwise incremental physical loading on system AT-104 (Schiller, Switzerland). During investigation the heat rate (b. p. m.), levels of the systolic and the diastolic arterial blood pressure (mmHg), oxygen consumption (VO2, l/min), the volume of exhaled carbon dioxide (VCO2, l/min), and other functional indices were monitored. After the termination of each test the subject remains on the veloergometer for five minutes with 10% of the peak loading in order to recover the heart rate, levels of the arterial blood pressure, breathing rate etc. The anaerobic threshold (AT, calculated by VE/VCO2 slope method) and the heart rate recovery after physical loading were terminaed using software. The results of the tests were divided in two groups – the test was terminaed at the subject’s request (N, 15 tests), and test terminated at hypertonic blood pressure reaction (HR, 8 tests). Three tests were terminated at other medical indications. Results were presented as X±SD. An independent samples t test was used (SPSS, v. 13).Surprising 42% of the tests in present study were terminated at medical indications. The major reason for medical termination of the test was hypertonic blood pressure reaction - 72%. There were no differences in the body mass index between the groups. The loading at the range of the AT, heart rate at AT and blood pressure at the level of the AT between the groups were without significant differences. The recovery period was normal in both groups. VO2, the heart rate, levels of the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure at the different levels of physical loading were similar in group N and HR. We found out lower age of group N as compared with group HR (20.36±1.63 vs. 22.63±4.37 years, P<0.05), and higher maximal levels of the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure in HR (P<0.05).Regardless of the good physical condition of the professional soccer players 42% of the tests in the study were terminated at medical indications. Despite the little difference in the age between the groups it was significant. The basic functional indices were similar in each step of physical loading. Diseases were not found in the participants. Results of our study confirm necessary of applying functional tests. The data pay attention at the influence of the age and quality medical care in professional sport.

scholarly journals AEROBIC AND CARDIAC PERFORMANCE OF ELITE WEIGHT LIFTERS AND SOCCER PLAYERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1811-1815
Author(s):  
Penka Angelova ◽  
Kostadin Kanalev ◽  
Nikolay Boyadjiev
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Maximal Level ◽  
Oxygen Pulse ◽  
Physical Loading ◽  
Weight Lifters

Endurance training sessions and maximal strength training are different in general. That makes training sessions and aerobic, and pulmonary performance completely different in weight lifters and soccer players. Weight lifting requires maximal power and concentration, while football requires endurance, combinability and speed. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is a basic method for evaluation of the functions of cardiovascular system in sportsmen, healthy people and in different diseases. Spiroergometry tests give additional information about the adaptation of the body to physical loadings, aerobic performance and oxygen pulse. Oxygen pulse estimates left ventricular stroke volume changes during exercise, and it is the ratio of VO2 extracted per heartbeat.The aim of the study was to investigate aerobic and cardiac performance, and the oxygen pulse of elite weight lifters and soccer players.Two groups of 12 weight lifters and 17 soccer players, men, members of elite sport teams, voluntary underwent spiroergometry test on system AT-104 (Schiller, Switzerland). There was no difference in the age between weight lifters (group WL, n=12, 19.33±1.67 years) and soccer players (group S, n=17, 20.47±1.66 years), (P>0.05). The body mass index of WL (26.4±1.47 kg/m2) and S (24.99±3.58) was also similar (P>0.05).Before the beginning of the tests we have obtained informed consent. The sportsmen denied diseases, usage of drugs and doping. Medical examinations were performed. The day before the test was without heavy physical activity. Veloergometer stepwise incremental protocol was applied.Physical working capacity, represented as peak loading was lower in group WL as compared with group S (120±13.43 vs. 160±14.62 W, P<0.0001). Maximal heart rate was higher in S as compared with WL (172.59±14.51 vs. 137.18±12.8 b.p.m., P<0.0001).Maximal level of the systolic blood pressure was higher in S as compared with WL (179.12±24.70 vs. 137.50±15.88 mmHg, P<0.0001).Maximal level of the diastolic blood pressure was higher in S as compared with WL (93.24±12.37 vs. 79.08±10.10 mmHg, P<0.0001).Not surprising aerobic performance was better in the group of the soccer players. Oxygen pulse at the level of the anaerobic threshold was higher in soccer players’ group as compared with WL (12.07±3.60 vs. 7.95±2.09, ml per beat, P=0.002), but maximal VO2pulse was similar for WL (15.15±5.40, ml per beat) and S (17.29±3.20, ml per beat), (P>0.05). There were no differences between the groups in the values of VO2pulse during the levels of loading from 30 to 120 The heart rate recovery after physical loading was determined in three grade scale (1-poor; 2-normal; 3-good) and there were no significant differences between the groups, WL (2.45±0.52), S (2.38±0.50), (P>0.05).Despite the differences in aerobic and cardiac performance between the weight lifters and soccer players there were no differences in the values of the peak VO2pulse. The values of the VO2pulse during the levels of physical loading from 30 to 120 W was similar in both groups. Further investigations are need to evaluate the importance of VO2pulse values as an index for determining the physical condition in different diseases, healthy people, and sportsmen.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular health indicators in soccer exercise during adolescence: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloyse Elaine Gimenes Nunes ◽  
Evelinn Amarilha Faria ◽  
Paula Felippe Martinez ◽  
Silvio Assis de Oliveira-Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Institute

Abstract This review analyzed the studies that evaluated cardiovascular health indicators (blood pressure, waist circumference, heart rate, glucose index and lipid blood) in recreational soccer players during adolescence, and identify possible associated factors. The search was performed in the electronic databases (PubMED, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science). Inclusion criteria were: population composed of children and/or adolescents (10–19 years or average age up to 19 years); studies adolescents engaged in recreational soccer regularly and observational studies with cross-sectional or longitudinal design. The process of analysis of studies involved reading titles, abstracts and full texts. After these phases, seven articles were eligible. Regarding the design, all studies were cross-sectional. Of the total studies included, five presented moderate methodological quality values and two presented low methodological quality values, according to National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute instrument. The most cardiovascular health indicators used in recreational soccer players during adolescence was waist circumference; three studies analyzed heart rate, two evaluated blood pressure, one analyzed insulin resistance and none of the included studies analyzed lipid profile. Factors associated were analyzed in four studies, being that sedentary time and body mass index (BMI) present association with at least one indicator of cardiovascular health.

Compression Stocking Length Effects on Arterial Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Following Head-Up Tilt in Healthy Volunteers

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Tanaka ◽  
Shiori Tokumiya ◽  
Yumiko Ishihara ◽  
Yumiko Kohira ◽  
Tetsuro Katafuchi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Compression Stocking ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Length Effects

A Comparison of the Acute Haemodynamic Effects of Propranolol and Pindolol at Rest and during Supine Exercise in Man

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 465s-468s ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Svendsen ◽  
J. E. Carlsen ◽  
O. Hartling ◽  
A. McNair ◽  
J. Trap-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Receptor Blocking ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Β Receptor

1. Dose-response curves for heart rate, cardiac output, arterial blood pressure and pulmonary artery pressure were obtained in 16 male patients after intravenous administration of three increasing doses of pindolol, propranolol or placebo. All patients had an uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction 6–8 months earlier. 2. The dose-response curves were obtained at rest and during repeated bouts of supine bicycle exercise. The cumulative dose amounted to 0.024 mg/kg body weight for pindolol and to 0.192 mg/kg body weight for propranolol. 3. At rest propranolol significantly reduced heart rate and cardiac output by 12% and 15% respectively. Arterial mean blood pressure was reduced by 9.2 mmHg. Mean pulmonary artery pressure increased significantly by 2 mmHg. Statistically significant changes in these variables were not seen after pindolol or placebo. 4. During exercise pindolol and propranolol both reduced cardiac output, heart rate and arterial blood pressure to the same extent. After propranolol mean pulmonary artery pressure was increased significantly by 3.6 mmHg. Pindolol and placebo did not change pulmonary artery pressure significantly. 5. The study suggests that pindolol may offer haemodynamic advantages over β-receptor-blocking agents without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity during low activity of the sympathetic nervous system, and may be preferable in situations where the β-receptor-blocking effect is required only during physical or psychic stress.

scholarly journals Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in NKCC1-deficient mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (4) ◽  
pp. F1230-F1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Mi Kim ◽  
Christoph Eisner ◽  
Robert Faulhaber-Walter ◽  
Diane Mizel ◽  
Susan M. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Deficient Mice

NKCC1 is a widely expressed isoform of the Na-2Cl-K cotransporter that mediates several direct and indirect vascular effects and regulates expression and release of renin. In this study, we used NKCC1-deficient (NKCC1−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice to assess day/night differences of blood pressure (BP), locomotor activity, and renin release and to study the effects of high (8%) or low (0.03%) dietary NaCl intake on BP, activity, and the renin/aldosterone system. On a standard diet, 24-h mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate determined by radiotelemetry, and their day/night differences, were not different in NKCC1−/− and WT mice. Spontaneous and wheel-running activities in the active night phase were lower in NKCC1−/− than WT mice. In NKCC1−/− mice on a high-NaCl diet, MAP increased by 10 mmHg in the night without changes in heart rate. In contrast, there was no salt-dependent blood pressure change in WT mice. MAP reductions by hydralazine (1 mg/kg) or isoproterenol (10 μg/mouse) were significantly greater in NKCC1−/− than WT mice. Plasma renin (PRC; ng ANG I·ml−1·h−1) and aldosterone (aldo; pg/ml) concentrations were higher in NKCC1−/− than WT mice (PRC: 3,745 ± 377 vs. 1,245 ± 364; aldo: 763 ± 136 vs. 327 ± 98). Hyperreninism and hyperaldosteronism were found in NKCC1−/− mice during both day and night. High Na suppressed PRC and aldosterone in both NKCC1−/− and WT mice, whereas a low-Na diet increased PRC and aldosterone in WT but not NKCC1−/− mice. We conclude that 24-h MAP and MAP circadian rhythms do not differ between NKCC1−/− and WT mice on a standard diet, probably reflecting a balance between anti- and prohypertensive factors, but that blood pressure of NKCC1−/− mice is more sensitive to increases and decreases of Na intake.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular effects of lumbar epidural anaesthesia in isoflurane-anaesthetised pigs during surgical removal of the liver

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. Stegmann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Epidural Anaesthesia ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Lumbar Epidural Anaesthesia ◽  
Surgical Preparation

In humans the combined administration of epidural anaesthesia and inhalation anaesthesia may result in cardiovascular instability associated with decreases in heart rate and blood pressure. Anaesthesia was induced with a combination of midazolam / ketamine in 18 female pigs with a mean body weight of 24.9±5.9 kg scheduled for surgical removal of the liver. After tracheal intubation, anaesthesia was maintained on a circle rebreathing circuit with isoflurane. Epidural anaesthesia was administered with ropivacaine (AL-group, n=8) at 0.2 mℓ / kg of a 7.5 mg / mℓ solution to the anaesthetised animals. The A-group (n = 10) received isoflurane anaesthesia only. The vaporiser was set at 2.5 % for the A-group and 1.5 % for the AL-group. Heart rate, invasive systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure were monitored. Comparisons were made between treatments and within treatments comparing variables during surgical preparation and abdominal surgery. Differences between treatments were not statistically significant (P > 0.05) during surgical preparation or during abdominal surgery. For within treatment groups, the differences between surgical preparation and abdominal surgery were statistically significant (P < 0.05) for heart rate in the A-group, but not statistically significant (P > 0.05) for the other variables. It is concluded that abdominal surgery may be associated with statistically significant changes in heart rate in isoflurane-anaesthetised pigs and that the combined administration of epidural ropivacaine may prevent statistically significant changes in HR during abdominal surgery.

scholarly journals Caudal bupivacaine - midazolam for post operative analgesia in children

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Idris Ali ◽  
Amirul Islam ◽  
Golam Morshed ◽  
Nurul Islam ◽  
Ashia Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Caudal Block ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Caudal Analgesia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Adjuvant used with local anaesthetic agent in caudal is more effective for post operative analgesia in children . Aim and objective: To find out the duration and quality of caudal analgesia in children undergoing genitourinary surgery by combination of bupivacaine and midazolam. Methods: A total number of sixty patients ASA grade I&II were selected randomly as per inclusion & exclusion criteria in two groups. Thirty in each group. In group A, caudal block was given by bupivacainemidazolam mixture and in group B, caudal block was given by bupivacaine in lateral decubitus position, just after completion of surgery before reversed from GA. In post operative period arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and duration of analgesia were recorded. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups of blood pressure, heart rate, and pain score up to 30 min but after one hour of post operative period pain scores were significant(p<0.05). Conclusion: Midazolam improves the duration and quality of analgesic effect of bupivacaine. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v23i1.18152 Journal of BSA, 2010; 23(1): 8-13

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