scholarly journals FLAMMABILITY TESTS ON HOT SURFACE FOR CASTOR OIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Liviu Cătălin ȘOLEA ◽  
Lorena DELEANU
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Flammability Characteristics ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Hot Surface

For this paper, the authors studied the behavior of castor oil, when it accidentally reaches a hot surface. Thus, the lowest temperature at which castor oil ignited at least once in three tests and the highest temperature at which castor oil did not ignite in three tests were determined. To determine as accurately as possible these two temperatures, a total of 29 tests were performed. The procedure complies with ISO 20823:2018 Petroleum and related products -Determination of the flammability characteristics of fluids in contact with hot surfaces - Manifold ignition test.

scholarly journals Reliability of temperature determination from curve-fitting in multi-wavelength pyrometery

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
P.A. Ni ◽  
R.M. More ◽  
F.M. Bieniosek
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Warm Dense Matter ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Temperature Determination ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Fitting In ◽  
Hot Surface

AbstractThis paper examines the reliability of a widely used method for temperature determination by multi-wavelength pyrometry. In recent warm dense matter experiments with ion-beam heated metal foils, we found that the statistical quality of the fit to the measured data is not necessarily a measure of the accuracy of the inferred temperature. We found a specific example where a second-best fit leads to a more realistic temperature value. The physics issue is the wavelength-dependent emissivity of the hot surface. We discuss improvements of the multi-frequency pyrometry technique, which will give a more reliable determination of the temperature from emission data.

scholarly journals Analytic Model of Maximal Experimental Value of Stress Intensity Factor KQ for AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V Layered Material

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4439
Author(s):  
Maciej Kotyk
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Layered Material ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Two Temperatures

The article presents the results of the author’s tests involving the determination of the maximal experimental value of the stress intensity factor KQ. This value was determined for a layered material obtained as the result of explosive welding of three alloys: AA2519, Ti6Al4V and AA1050, and separately for each material. In both cases tests were conducted for two temperatures—the ambient temperature (293 K), and cryogenic temperature (77 K). A model for initial assessment of the KQ value of AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V (Al–Ti) layered material has also been presented. The proposed model has been developed so as to enable the determination of the curve course of load–COD for Al–Ti layered material using nominal stresses defined on the basis of a real load–COD course, obtained for the base materials, for both temperature conditions.

scholarly journals Optimization of a method for the simultaneous determination of glycerides, free and total glycerol in biodiesel ethyl esters from castor oil using gas chromatography

Fuel ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Neves Dias ◽  
Maristela Barnes Rodrigues Cerqueira ◽  
Renata Rodrigues de Moura ◽  
Márcia Helena Scherer Kurz ◽  
Rosilene Maria Clementin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Total Glycerol

The determination of the hydroxyl content of organic compounds: estimation of castor oil

The Analyst ◽  
1931 ◽  
Vol 56 (664) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marks ◽  
R. S. Morrell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Hydroxyl Content

Effect of saturated phosphatidylcholines on the functional properties of reconstituted cytochrome oxidase

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Singer ◽  
Maria Dinda ◽  
Marlene Young ◽  
Leonard Finegold
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Lipid Ratios ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Freeze Fracture Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fracture Electron

Cytochrome oxidase was incorporated into liposomes, at various protein/lipid ratios, composed of either a phosphatidylcholine of varying chain length and symmetry or asolectin. Catalytic activity and respiratory control were assayed at two temperatures. All preparations showed higher activity at low protein/lipid ratios, but only asolectin showed respiratory control. A spectroscopic determination of the vectorial orientation of oxidase molecules showed that, for proteoliposomes with saturated lipids, 100% of oxidase molecules could be reduced by external substrate as compared with 75% for asolectin proteoliposomes. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy confirmed that oxidase was incorporated into these proteoliposomes and differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the protein induces significant disruption in the long range packing of the saturated phospholipids. We propose that the oxidase molecules in proteoliposomes formed from saturated phosphatidylcholines do not display respiratory control because they are unable to assume the transmembrane orientation necessary for full vectorial activity.

Minimization of the Number of Cooling Holes in Internally Cooled Turbine Blades

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Dulikravich ◽  
Branko Kosovic
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Convergence Criteria ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Function Formulation ◽  
Internally Cooled ◽  
Hot Surface ◽  
Automatic Switching

This work represents an extension of the earlier research on inverse determination of proper locations and sizes of a given number of coolant flow passages (holes) subject to specified surface temperatures and heat fluxes. The methodology is extended to allow designer to guess the required number of holes and the minimal allowable diameter of a hole. A constrained optimization algorithm is then used to minimize the total number of cooling holes, while satisfying user-specified hot surface temperatures and heat fluxes. Premature termination of the optimization process due to the existence of local minimas has been satisfactorily resolved by automatic switching of the objective function formulation whenever the local minima is detected. The convergence criteria of the iterative process, which can be specified by the user, was found to have a strong influence on the accuracy of the entire inverse design optimization algorithm.

THE DENSITY OF CARBON DIOXIDE

1930 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. LeB. Cooper ◽  
O. Maass
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
The Mean

Modifications are described by the Maass and Russel method for the determination of the densitites of gases which permit an accuracy of about one part in 10,000. The determination has been made of the density of carbon dioxide at two temperatures and over a pressure range of 75 to 25 cm. of mercury. The mean value obtained for the molecular weight of carbon dioxide at zero pressure is 44.0033 ± 0.002, from which the atomic weight of carbon is found to be 12.0033 ± 0.002.

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