scholarly journals Leguminous species effect in agroforestry systems in the Portuguesa state. Venezuela

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Marynor Elena ORTEGA-RAMIREZ ◽  
Adrian CASTRO-OSORIO ◽  
Nicolás GONZALEZ-CORTÉS ◽  
Jesús PRADOS-CORONADO
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Pueraria Phaseoloides ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Leguminous Species ◽  
Species Effect

Six leguminous species Frijol bayo (Vigna unguiculata), Frijol white Var. Orituco, Quinchoncho dwarf (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., cv. Aroita), Kudzú tropical (Pueraria phaseoloides), Crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), Sesbania (Sesbania grandiflora) were established in an agroforest systems to assess his effect on the chemical property of a Alfisol soil at municipality Ospino Portuguese state, at the farm La Yaguara planted with E. urograndis. In a design in random blocks with 7 processings and 4 repetitions, employing STATIXTIS 9.0 to carry out the ANDEVA and for variables where differences are presented the test was employed of Tukey (5%); obtaining as results that in the soil of the farm The Yaguara alone significant differences were found (P<0,05) for the variables relation C/N, CO, Zn, highly significant and differences (P<0,01)for N; being the Sesbania and quinchoncho the best treatment in relation C/N; for CO the frijol blanco and the treatment control; for Zn the quinchoncho and treatment control, frijol blanco and kudzú tropical; in the N quinchoncho and Sesbania. To confirm the generated profit to the agroforestry system analysis were completed foliate to the eucalyptus, finding highly significant differences for P with Frijol blanco and Kudzú and significant for Zn where is quinchoncho and treatment control.

scholarly journals SOIL CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES AND CORN PRODUCTIVITY GROWN ON LEGUME STUBBLE IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-289
Author(s):  
LEONARDO SANTOS COLLIER ◽  
EVERTON MARTINS ARRUDA ◽  
LUIZ FERNANDES CARDOSO CAMPOS ◽  
JOSÉ NILTON VIEIRA NUNES
Keyword(s):  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Leguminous Species ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
Chemical Attributes

ABSTRACT Leguminous species can improve nutrient cycling and chemical quality of Oxisols, resulting in higher productivity of intercropped crops. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the decomposition rate and nutrient accumulation in legume stubble, as well as its contribution to soil chemical attributes, the growth of baru trees (Dipteryx alata Vogel), and yield of intercropped maize in an agroforestry system. The experiment was developed during the crop years of 2010-2011 and 2011-2012, in Goiás State, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with five replicates. Leguminous species consisted of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), Stylosanthes (Stylosanthes macrocephala - 20% and Stylosanthes capitata - 80%), and spontaneous vegetation (control treatment). The decomposition rates of legume and spontaneous vegetation residues remained unchanged in the agroforestry system. Sunn hemp, jack bean, and Stylosanthes plants are advantageous options for total accumulation of nutrients. However, sunn hemp grown as straw cover for next crop seasons increases the available phosphorus levels in the soil and productivity of maize cobs. With this coverage, maize productivity values were up to 24% higher than were those with maize growing on spontaneous vegetation, besides having no effect on the growth of baru trees.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF ROSE WOOD, GUAVA, EUCALYPTUS, SACRED FIG AND JAMAN LEAF LITTER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT ( Triticum aestivum L.) IN A WHEAT-BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. IQBAL ◽  
H.A. RAUF ◽  
A.N. SHAH ◽  
B. SHAHZAD ◽  
M.A Bukhari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

ABSTRACT Selection of tree species under agroforestry systems is crucial to sustain the productivity of a crop. In present study, allelopathic effects of the leaf litters of 5 trees named Rose wood (Dalbergia sissoo), Guava (Pisidium guajava), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), Sacred fig (Ficus religiosa) and Jaman (Syzygium cumini) species on wheat growth and yield was examined. Leaf litter of each tress species was mixed in soil with two doses @ 100 and 200 g of leaves of each species per pot. Higher shoot length, shoot dry weight, number of spikelets per spike and biological yield were recorded in 200 g sun dried Jaman (Syzygium cumini) leaves. Total number of tillers per plant and number of ears per plant were higher under the application of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves (200 g sun dried) as compared to other treatments. Spike length, grain yield per pot, number of grains per pot and harvest index were maximum in 200 g sun-dried Sacred fig (Ficu sreligiosa) leaves. Majority of the parameters were promoted at lower doses of leaves per pot, however, at higher doses they started inhibiting the growth and grain yield of wheat.

scholarly journals Avaliação quantitativa e qualitativa da fitomassa de leguminosas para uso como cobertura de solo

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 947-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Tavares Nascimento ◽  
Ivandro de França da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Pueraria Phaseoloides ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis ◽  
Calopogonium Mucunoides ◽  
Macroptilium Atropurpureum

Para uso como adubo verde em um experimento em Alagoinha-PB, avaliaram-se doze espécies de leguminosas: crotalária (Crotalaria juncea L), guandu (Cajanus cajan L), guandu anão (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp), calopogônio (Calopogonium mucunoides L), feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis L), lab-lab (Dolichos lab lab L), kudzu tropical (Pueraria phaseoloides L), siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum L), leucena (Leucaena leucocephala L), cunhã (Clitoria ternatea L), mucuna preta (Styzolobium aterrimum L), e mucuna cinza (Styzolobium cinereum Piper e Tracy), no DBC com 12 tratamentos, em parcelas de 20m2, com três repetições. Constataram-se as maiores produções de fitomassa para leucena, guandu, mucuna preta, kudzu tropical, feijão-de-porco e cunhã, enquanto que para a crotalária, a menor produção. A fitomassa do kudzu tropical mostrou-se com melhor qualidade para a incorporação.

scholarly journals Especificidade hospedeira de variantes Bradyrhizobium spp em soja (cvs peking e clark), caupi e guandu

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (spe) ◽  
pp. 2701-2708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabíola Gomes de Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Alberto Selbach ◽  
Apolino José Nogueira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Spp

A expansão da cultura da soja evidenciou uma alta especificidade hospedeira, requerendo a pesquisa de novas estirpes que apresentassem capacidade de nodular a soja e bom potencial de competição com a população de rizóbios naturalizada nos solos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a especificidade hospedeira de variantes isolados de estirpes de Bradyrhizobium spp quanto à nodulação e eficiência relativa de fixação de N2 atmosférico em soja (cvs peking e clark), caupi e guandu. O experimento foi realizado sob condições controladas em câmara de crescimento por meio de testes de variantes de B. japonicum e B. elkanii e suas respectivas estirpes originais quanto à habilidade de nodular soja, caupi e guandu. A colheita foi realizada aos 35 dias, sendo avaliada a nodulação (número, peso dos nódulos secos), produção de matéria seca na parte aérea, eficiência relativa de fixação de N2 atmosférico. Os variantes e estirpes de Bradyrhizobium spp nodularam Glycine max (cultivares BR-16, Clark e Peking), Vigna unguiculata e Cajanus cajan, contudo, apenas para Glycine max a interação rizóbio-leguminosa demonstrou eficiência simbiótica significativa.

scholarly journals Crescimento e produtividade do sorgo forrageiro BR 601 sob adubação verde

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romeu C. Andrade Neto ◽  
Neyton O. Miranda ◽  
Gustavo P. Duda ◽  
Glêidson B. Góes ◽  
André S. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis ◽  
Crotalaria Spectabilis

O efeito da adubação verde sobre o crescimento e a produtividade do sorgo forrageiro BR 601, foi estudado em experimento desenvolvido na UFERSA, em Mossoró, RN, no qual o delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados completos, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo com três repetições. Testaram-se sete espécies de leguminosas, Mucuna aterrima, Canavalia ensiformis, Cajanus cajan, Dolichos lab-lab, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis e Vigna unguiculata, uma mistura das leguminosas mais milho, sorgo e girassol, e a vegetação espontânea, como testemunha. Determinaram-se, para cada tratamento, a quantidade de massa verde, massa seca e teores de N, P, K, Na, Ca e Mg da parte aérea, a partir dos quais foi calculada a quantidade de nutrientes acumulada por hectare. As quantidades de matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea, altura de plantas e número de folhas do sorgo semeado após a incorporação dos adubos verdes, foram avaliadas aos 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 dias após o plantio. A Mucuna aterrima mostrou-se a melhor opção como adubo verde em virtude de proporcionar os maiores valores das características avaliadas ao final do ciclo do sorgo podendo-se, também, recomendar a Crotalaria juncea e o Dolichos lab-lab, o qual apresentou a maior massa seca e quantidade de nutrientes na parte aérea.

scholarly journals High organic inputs explain shallow and deep SOC storage in a long-term agroforestry system – Combining experimental and modeling approaches

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Cardinael ◽  
Bertrand Guenet ◽  
Tiphaine Chevallier ◽  
Christian Dupraz ◽  
Thomas Cozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Root Senescence ◽  
Soc Stocks

Abstract. Agroforestry is an increasingly popular farming system enabling agricultural diversification and providing several ecosystem services. In agroforestry systems, soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks are generally increased, but it is difficult to disentangle the different factors responsible for this storage. Organic carbon (OC) inputs to the soil may be larger, but SOC decomposition rates may be modified owing to microclimate, physical protection, or priming effect from roots, especially at depth. We used an 18-year-old silvoarable system associating hybrid walnut trees (Juglans regia × nigra) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum), and an adjacent agricultural control plot to quantify all OC inputs to the soil – leaf litter, tree fine root senescence, crop residues, and tree row herbaceous vegetation –, and measure SOC stocks down 2 m depth at varying distances from the trees. We then proposed a model that simulates SOC dynamics in agroforestry accounting for both the whole soil profile and the lateral spatial heterogeneity. OC inputs to soil were increased by about 40 % (&amp;plus;1.11 t C ha−1 yr−1) down to 2 m depth in the agroforestry plot compared to the control, resulting in an additional SOC stock of 6.3 t C ha−1 down to 1 m depth. The model described properly the measured SOC stocks and distribution with depth. It showed that the increased inputs of fresh biomass to soil explained the observed additional SOC storage in the agroforestry plot. Moreover, modeling revealed a strong priming effect that would reduce the potential SOC storage due to higher organic inputs in the agroforestry system by 75 to 90 %. This result questions the potential of soils to store large amounts of carbon, especially at depth. Deep-rooted trees modify OC inputs to soil, a process that deserves further studies given its potential effects on SOC dynamics.

scholarly journals Rice cultivar selection in an agroforestry system through GGE-biplot and EBLUP

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufan Alam ◽  
Priyono Suryanto ◽  
Supriyanta Supriyanta ◽  
Panjisakti Basunanda ◽  
Rani Agustina Wulandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Melaleuca Cajuputi

Abstract. Alam T, Suryanto P, Supriyanta, Basunanda P, Wulandari RA, Kastono D, Widyawan MH, Nurmansyah, Taryono. 2021. Rice cultivar selection in an agroforestry system through GGE-biplot and EBLUP. Biodiversitas 22: 4750-4757. Genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) causes differences in the productivity of rice cultivars in agroforestry systems. For this reason, the stability of rice cultivars is an important aspect that should be considered before a cultivar is recommended to farmers. Superior genotypes and ideal environments are commonly identified using two statistical models, namely, genotype–genotype-by-environment biplot (GGE-biplot) and empirical best linear unbiased prediction (EBLUP). In this study, 15 rice cultivars were evaluated in terms of their productivity and stability in three soil types (Lithic Haplusterts, Ustic Epiaquerts, and Vertic Haplustalfs) in an agroforestry system with kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi) in 2019 and 2020 at the Menggoran Forest Resort, Playen Forest Section, Yogyakarta Forest Management District, Indonesia. The cultivars were treated as random effects to select and obtain the EBLUP of the best cultivars in each soil type. The EBLUP revealed that Situ Patenggang showed the highest yields of 4.887 and 5.456 tons ha?1 in Lithic Haplusterts and Vertic Haplustalfs, respectively. GM 28 exhibited the highest yield of 6.492 tons ha?1 in Ustic Epiaquerts. Ciherang, GM 2, GM 8, GM 11, GM 28, Inpari 6 Jete, Inpari 33, IR-64, and Way Apo Buru were classified as stable and fairly stable cultivars, whereas the other cultivars were unstable. Therefore, rice cultivars with high yields in specific soil types should be selected.

scholarly journals Predictive Models to Estimate Carbon Stocks in Agroforestry Systems

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Magioni Marçal ◽  
Zigomar Menezes de Souza ◽  
Rose Luiza Moraes Tavares ◽  
Camila Viana Vieira Farhate ◽  
Stanley Robson Medeiros Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Random Forest Algorithm ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Physical And Chemical Variables ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study aims to assess the carbon stock in a pasture area and fragment of forest in natural regeneration, given the importance of agroforestry systems in mitigating gas emissions which contribute to the greenhouse effect, as well as promoting the maintenance of agricultural productivity. Our other goal was to predict the carbon stock, according to different land use systems, from physical and chemical soil variables using the Random Forest algorithm. We carried out our study at an Entisols Quartzipsamments area with a completely randomized experimental design: four treatments and six replites. The treatments consisted of the following: (i) an agroforestry system developed for livestock, (ii) an agroforestry system developed for fruit culture, (iii) a conventional pasture, and (iv) a forest fragment. Deformed and undeformed soil samples were collected in order to analyze their physical and chemical properties across two consecutive agricultural years. The response variable, carbon stock, was subjected to a boxplot analysis and all the databases were used for a predictive modeling which in turn used the Random Forest algorithm. Results led to the conclusion that the agroforestry systems developed both for fruit culture and livestock, are more efficient at stocking carbon in the soil than the pasture area and forest fragment undergoing natural regeneration. Nitrogen stock and land use systems are the most important variables to estimate carbon stock from the physical and chemical variables of soil using the Random Forest algorithm. The predictive models generated from the physical and chemical variables of soil, as well as the Random Forest algorithm, presented a high potential for predicting soil carbon stock and are sensitive to different land use systems.

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