scholarly journals Regional Plan of Integration of South Moravian and Lower Austrian Border Regions

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojmir Kyselka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Regional Plan ◽  
Ways Of Life ◽  
Austrian Border

This transborder regional plan represents the final result of the collaboration of three universities: Faculty of Architecture, Technical University of Bmo – Czech Republic, Institutes of Regional and Landscape Planning TU Vienna – Austria and the Institute of Regional and Environmental Planning, University of Kaiserslautern – Germany. All the participants, students and teachers, architects, urban and regional planners enjoyed the four common workshops – both on the Czech and on the Austrian territory, which was divided till 1989 by the “iron curtain”. They compared the differences of the local culture in architecture, urban and landscape structure, but found the majority of similar ways of life. This was what created the idea of the transborder zone.

Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Onderco
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Military Forces ◽  
Joint Procurement ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Cold War

This chapter focuses on defence transformations in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary since the end of the cold war. The three lesser powers of Central Europe all eventually joined NATO and the European Union, following the fall of the Iron Curtain. The process they underwent completely transformed their security strategies and military doctrines, but the plans to transform their military forces have developed slowly, and the actual process has been interrupted and incomplete. This chapter addresses the development of civil–military relations, the main milestones in the development of the respective states’ national security policies, and the main changes in the structure of military forces in each of these countries. Finally, the chapter looks at the nascent trends towards military cooperation between the three countries, including military sharing and joint procurement.

scholarly journals Detecting Urban Landscape Factors Controlling Seasonal Land Surface Temperatures: From the Perspective of Urban Function Zones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Li ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Lei Yao
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Landscape Factors ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Understanding of the impact on the thermal effect by urbanization is of great significance for urban thermal regulation, it is essential to determine the relationship between the urban heat island (UHI) effect and the complexities of urban function and landscape structure. For this purpose, we conducted a case research in the metropolitan region of Beijing, China, and >5000 urban blocks assigned with different urban function zones (UFZs) were identified as the basic spatial analysis units. Seasonal land surface temperature (LST) retrieved from remote sensing data were used to represent the UHI characteristics of the study area, and surface biophysical parameters, building forms, and landscape pattern metrics were selected as the urban landscape factors. Then, the effects of urban function and landscape structure on the UHI effect were examined by spatial regression models. The results indicated that: (1) Significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity of LST were found in the study area, and there was obvious temperature gradient with “working-living-resting” UFZs; (2) All the types of urban landscape factors showed significant contribution to seasonal LST, and sorted by surface biophysical factors > building forms > landscape factors. However, their contributions varied in different seasons; (3) The major contribute factors showed a certain difference due to the variation of urban function and landscape complexity. This study expands understanding on the complex relationship among urban landscape, function, and thermal environment, which could benefit urban landscape planning for UHI alleviation.

scholarly journals The importance of historical maps for man-made pond research: From the past extent of ponds to issues of the present landscape. A case study from the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-201
Author(s):  
Jindřich Frajer ◽  
Jana Kremlová ◽  
David Fiedor ◽  
Renata Pavelková ◽  
Miroslav Trnka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Historical Gis ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Water ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Abstract Historical maps are a valuable resource in landscape research. The information gathered from them facilitates the cognisance of landscapes and may assist current landscape planning. This study focuses on the historical occurrence and spatial extent of man-made ponds in the Czech Republic. Based on the 1st Military Survey maps (1764–1783) of the Habsburg Monarchy, we use Historical GIS to identify 7,676 man-made ponds in the historical landscape. Compared to the 2nd Military Survey maps (1836–1852), 56% of these man-made ponds had been drained. Such disappearances mostly affected large ponds in fertile agricultural areas, but also affected small reservoirs in less fertile areas at higher altitudes. As the current maps and spatial datasets (Water reservoirs, Landscape water regime, Farming areas) show, a number of these agricultural regions have been affected by climate changes and face water shortages. The historical map information of former ponds has the potential to contribute to their restoration in areas where water retention in the landscape needs to be increased.

Winter arsenic pollution in 10 forest ecosystems in the mountainous border regions of the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Petrash ◽  
Martin Novák ◽  
Leona Bohdálková ◽  
Micheal Krachler ◽  
Jan Čuřík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Arsenic Pollution ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Border Regions

“I can’t speak German so I can’t communicate with them”: Language use in intergroup contact between Czechs and Germans

Human Affairs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Petrjánošová
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Central European ◽  
Discursive Analysis ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Feeling Thermometer ◽  
International Research Project

AbstractThe aim of this article is to present empirical findings about language use and attitudes in intergroup contact from one of the European borderlands along the former Iron Curtain more than twenty years after it fell. The data was collected as part of an international research project Intergroup attitudes and intergroup contact in five Central European countries, which concentrates on the interplay of intergroup contact and perceptions between members of neighbouring nations in the border regions of the Czech Republic and each of the neighbouring states—Slovakia, Poland, Austria and Germany. The main data collection method used is an online questionnaire with different attitude and evaluation scales, as well as a feeling thermometer of emotional relations and open statements (N=2900). In this text I use thematic and basic critical discursive analysis only on the open statements from the Czech (N=210) and German (N=152) borderlands about the situations of contact and the following evaluation of the Others. I show how the linguistic competence and also the interest in the language of the Other are distributed very unevenly; the implicit norm almost always being that the Czechs should speak German. Of course, this situation has in some cases strong emotional consequences.

scholarly journals Can we combine structural functionality and landscape services assessments in order to estimate the impact of landscape structure on landscape services?

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 2-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Skokanová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Services ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Landscape Types ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper investigates two methods of assessing structural functionality and landscape services, and the potential of their joint application in order to estimate the impact of landscape structure in terms of structural functionality on landscape capacity to provide various services. The methods were tested in three different landscape types of the Czech Republic. The results showed that linking these two methods might help in estimating the impact of landscape structure on some landscape services in landscape types with a prevalent valuable matrix, but are dependent on landscape metrics defining individual functionality groups

scholarly journals Economic Differences of Border Regions in the Czech Republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-582
Author(s):  
Jitka Svobodová ◽  
Ludmila Dömeová ◽  
Andrea Jindrová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Border Region ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Neighbouring Country ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Three Components

The article deals with the economically weak regions in the border areas of the Czech Republic (CR). The main goal is the selection and application of the most important variables, as the methodology of selection and evaluation of economically weak regions is not united. The following research question was formulated as whether the border regions are economically weaker when compared with the Czech Republic average of selected indicators. Two working hypotheses were set: whether the situation of the border regions is different from each other among the border regions and whether the economy of the neighbouring country impacts these disparities in border regions. The secondary goal of this article is to find homogenous clusters and describe these clusters of border regions. The result of the principal component analysis was determination of three components Labour market, Transnational commuters and Population migration. The variables that set up the component Labour Market was found to be the most important for economically weak border regions. The three components were used for cluster analysis and the territories were broken up into four clusters, none of which is above average of the CR with the result that the situation in the border region is dependent on the neighbouring country.

scholarly journals American Foulbrood in the Czech Republic: ERIC II Genotype of Paenibacillus Larvae Is Prevalent

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Biová ◽  
Jaroslav Bzdil ◽  
Silvie Dostálková ◽  
Marek Petřivalský ◽  
Jan Brus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Paenibacillus Larvae ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Consensus Classification

American foulbrood (AFB) is a dangerous disease of honeybees (Apis mellifera) caused by the spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae. According to the ERIC (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus) classification, five genotypes are distinguished, i.e., I, II, III, IV, and V, which differ in their virulence and prevalence in colonies. In the Czech Republic, AFB prevalence is monitored by the State Veterinary Administration; however, the occurrence of specific P. larvae genotypes within the country remains unknown. In this study, our aim was to genotype field P. larvae strains collected in the Czech Republic according to the ERIC classification. In total, 102 field isolates from colonies with AFB clinical symptoms were collected from various locations in the Czech Republic, and the PCR genotypization was performed using ERIC primers. We confirmed the presence of both ERIC I and II genotypes, while ERIC III, IV, and V were not detected. The majority of samples (n = 82, 80.4%) were identified as ERIC II, while the ERIC I genotype was confirmed only in 20 samples (19.6%). In contrast to other European countries, the ERIC II genotype is predominant in Czech honeybee colonies. The ERIC I genotype was mostly detected in border regions close to Poland, Slovakia, and Austria.

scholarly journals Contribution of landscape metrics to the assessment of scenic quality - the example of the landscape structure plan Havelland/Germany

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Herbst ◽  
Michael Förster ◽  
Birgit Kleinschmit
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Important Indicator

The scenic quality of a landscape is a natural resource that is to be preserved according to German and international law. One important indicator for the evaluation of this value is the structural diversity of the landscape. Although Landscape Metrics (LM) represent a well-known instrument for the quantification of landscape patterns, they are hardly used in applied landscape and environmental planning. This study shows possibilities for the integration of LM into a commonly used method to assess scenic quality by the example of a Landscape Structure Plan. First results indicate that especially Shannon's Diversity Index and Edge Density are suitable to achieve an objective evaluation of the structural diversity as indicator for scenic quality. The addition of qualitative parameters to the objective structural analysis is discussed. Moreover, the use of landscape scenery units and raster cells as basic geometry has been compared. It shows that LM can support the evaluation of the aesthetic quality in environmental planning, especially when integrated into commonly used evaluation methods.

scholarly journals Border regions in the Czech Republic: contemporary tendencies of development differentiation

Geografie ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-254
Author(s):  
Martin Hampl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Economic Specialization

The article focuses on problems of current tendencies differentiating between borderland and inland, and among border regions themselves. First, the borderland - inland differences are still limited, but they will be probable deepening in future. Second, the differences among border regions are important both in intensity of settlement and in economic level, and in current development dynamics. Key factors of regional differentiation appear to be xxxx - locational position and inherited economic specialization.

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