scholarly journals Revision of the characeae (Charales, Charophyceae) species and their distribution in Lithuania

Botanica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 95-124
Author(s):  
Zofija Sinkevičienė ◽  
Zigmantas Gudžinskas

The current inventory was mainly based on revising herbarium specimens collected since the 19th century and confirmed twenty-one Characeae species in Lithuania. They are representatives of five genera: Chara (12 species), Nitella (5), Tolypella (2), Lychnothamnus and Nitellopsis (by one species each). Thirteen species mentioned in references or labels of herbarium specimens were not confirmed. The occurrence of the Characeae species was recorded in 251 map grid cells (42% of the total number 593). Herbarium specimens were collected from 693 water bodies, mainly lakes. Chara globularis was the most common species, recorded in 150 map grid cells and more than 250 water bodies. Ten species (C. aspera, C. contraria, C. filiformis, C. subspinosa, C. tomentosa, C. virgata, C. vulgaris, Nitella mucronata, N. flexilis, Nitellopsis obtusa) were recorded in the interval from 100 to 50 grid cells and also belong to the group of common species. Chara papillosa and C. strigosa were recorded less than in 50 grid cells and should be considered quite common. Eight species (C. baltica, C. canescens, Lychnothamnus barbatus, Nitella confervacea, N. gracilis, N. syncarpa, Tolypella nidifica, T. prolifera) were recorded in ten or fewer grid cells and belong to the group of rare or very rare species. The occurrence of species that have not been confirmed by the herbarium specimens was discussed.

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
D.V. Shyriaieva ◽  
◽  
N.M. Shyian ◽  

Trifolium vesiculosum is listed in the current floristic inventories as a species native to Ukraine. In order to clarify the native versus alien status of this taxon, we studied historical and recent literature and herbarium data.We also report here our new record of the species. We found T. vesiculosum in 2020 in Mykolayiv Region (Mykolayiv District, Andriivka village, on the alluvial terrace of the Southern Bug River valley), in a disturbed habitat with predominantly synanthropic and alien species. Previous finds of T. vesiculosum in Ukraine were reported mainly in publications of the 19th century and were based on a few herbarium specimens from the present-day territory of Odesa Region. Due to characteristics of these records, dates and localities of the finds of T. vesiculosum in Ukraine, we have traced its probable introductions during the 19th century in the port of Odesa, on the sand deposits of the Danube River, in the German settlements, and therefore we can confirm the conclusion of Paczoski (1921) who assumed the alien status of the species in Ukraine. Thus, T. vesiculosum is classified as a kenophyte (introduced before 1808). Taking into account the current climatic changes in Ukraine, we emphasize the need for further monitoring of the species, changes in its dispersal strategy, and for registration of its introduction and dispersal pathways.


Holotipus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Paul Smith

Despite being well-described, Azara's No. 193 Suiriri pardo amarillo menor has never been conclusively identified. Indeed, during the 19th Century it was usually associated with species in the genus Myiarchus, despite the cup nest description provided being incompatible with that genus. In the early 20th Century it became associated with Elaenia obscura, and that has not been seriously questioned since. However, Paraguayan populations formerly attributed to E. obscura are now known as E. sordida, a species that is rare in Paraguay and incompatible with the original description. In this paper I argue that the true identity of No. 193 is Large Elaenia E. spectabilis (Pelzeln, 1868), a common species in Paraguay, and this error of understanding is responsible for many early 20th Century Paraguayan reports of E. obscura. Azara's description predates the type description of E. spectabilis by 63 years.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-147
Author(s):  
Rokutianskyi A.B. ◽  
Gamulya Yu.G.

The paper deals with the history of studies of the Dniepr-Donets valley aquatic and wetland flora. This article covers the period of 18 and 19 centuries. According to the results of the study , the first reliable data about aquatic and wetland flora dated mid-late 17th century. I. Guildenstendt and D.I. Bagaliy published the fragmentary data on the flora composition of Slobidska Ukraine from the end of the 16th to the beginning of the 17th century. The new stage of botanical studies in the region was connected with the foundation of the Kharkiv University in 1804. K.F. Ledebur published "Flora Rossica sive enumeration plantarum in totis Imperi Rossici provincis Europaeis, Asiaticia et Americanis hucusque observatarum" in 1842–1853. It also contains some data for the small part of the Kharkiv province. The first fundamental monograph is "Conspectus plantarum…", published in 1859 by V.M. Chernjajev. The list includes 1769 species. The Natural Researchers Society was founded in 1869 in Kharkiv University. The members of this organization provided numerous botanical expeditions. The analysis of literature sources of 19th century revealed thatthat despite the active study of flora and vegetation of the region, or its individual administrative territories we do not know any specialized floristic work on the study of flora and vegetation of water bodies and wetlands. However, the analysed publications contain important historical information on the distribution of rare regional species. Most of them are currently either extinct or critically endangered, e.g. Calla palustris, Callitriche stagnalis, Drosera rotundifolia, Ledum palustre, Limnanthemum nymphoides, Trapa natans, Oxycoccus palustris etc. Thus, the period from the end of the 16th to the end of the 19th century is a period of the floristic researches of the Kharkiv region and adjacent territories. The main researchers were V.M. Chernjajev, I. Kovalevsky, K.S. Gornytsky, V.I. Taliev, P.M. Nalyvaiko with the exception of some works in a new area of research – applied, which began to appear only in the late 19th century. Key words: hygrophilous flora, ecological groups, vascular plants, plant lists, Kharkiv province. У статті розглянуто історію дослідження флори водойм та перезволожених територій східної частини Дніпровсько-Донецької западини у XVIII-ХІХ столітті. За результатами проведеного літературного пошуку встановлено, що першими достовірними даними, які містять інформацію про флору регіону датуються серединою-кінцем ХVIІ століття є флористичні дослідження академіка Й.А. Гюльденштедта та, пізніше, українського історика, філософа Д.І. Багалія, публікують фрагментарні дані щодо складу флори Слобідської України станом на кінець XVI – початок XVII століття. Розквіт ботанічних досліджень в регіоні був пов’язаний з відкриттям у 1804 році Харківського університету. Саме з цього часу починається планомірне дослідження флори Харківської губернії та її окремих повітів. Фундаментальною піонерною роботою, що й натепер є еталоном та відправною точкою для аналізу флори території колишньої Харківської губернії, стала праця В.М. Черняєва «Конспект растений…», опублікована у 1859 році. Чисельні тривалі ботанічні екскурсії з дослідження флористичного різноманіття в цей період відбуваються завдяки активній діяльності Товариства дослідників природи при Харківському Імператорському університеті, яке було засновано у 1869 році та зробило значний вклад у розвиток ботанічної науки Лівобережної України. В цей час публікуються анотовані списки, або наводиться загальна характеристика рослинного покриву в численних природничих роботах. У 1791 (1891) р. виходить праця Й.А. Гюльденштедта «Reisen durch Russland», що містить окремі флористичні дані для незначної частини Харківської губернії; у 1842–1853 роках К.Ф. Ледебур публікує «Flora Rossica sive enumeration plantarum in totis Imperi Rossici provincis Europaeis, Asiaticia et Americanis hucusque observatarum», що також містить окремі ботанічні відомості для незначної частини Харківської губернії. Лише у 1859 році виходить класична праця В.М. Черняєва щодо флори Харківської губернії та суміжних територій (містить 1769 видів). Проведений аналіз літературних джерел ХІХ століття виявив, що незважаючи на активне дослідження флори та рослинності регіону або його окремих адміністративних територій, жодна спеціалізована флористична робота щодо вивчення флори та рослинності водойм та перезволожених місцезростань нам не відома. Проте у досліджених роботах міститься важлива історична інформація щодо розповсюдження рідкісних для регіону видів, які на теперішній час або зникли, або знаходяться на межі зникнення: Calla palustris, Callitriche stagnalis, Drosera rotundifolia, Ledum palustre, Limnanthemum nymphoides, Trapa natans, Oxycoccus palustris та деякі інші. Загалом період з кінця XVI до кінця ХІХ століття у ботанічних дослідженнях території Харківської та суміжних областей, що територіально належать до східної частини Дніпровсько-Донецької западини, можна охарактеризувати як флористичний період, де головними дослідниками були: В.М. Черняєв, І. Ковалевський, К.С. Горницький, В.І. Талієв, П.М. Наливайко, за виключенням окремих робіт з нового напряму досліджень – прикладного, які починають з’являтись лише наприкінці ХІХ століття. Ключові слова: гігрофільна флора, екологічні групи, судинні рослини, флористичні списки, Харківська губернія.


2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina B. Istomina ◽  
Olga V. Likhacheva ◽  
Irina S. Stepanchikova ◽  
Ekaterina S. Kuznetsova ◽  
Dmitry E. Himelbrant

Forty-one species of lichens and two lichenicolous fungi are reported from the Pskov Region. Of them, thirty-nine species are new for the region, including Lempholemma dispansum – a rare species with scattered distribution, previously recorded only once in the European Russia in the 19th century. The most important findings are confined to ancient limestone outcrops and old manor parks: these habitats are also promising for further investigations, taking in account high level of anthropogenic transformation of the Pskov Region.


2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Pasztaleniec ◽  
Małgorzata Poniewozik

During studies of phytoplankton in Sumin Lake (Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland), conducted from May till September 2001 and 2002, 15 taxa of the genus <em>Pediastrum </em>(Hydrodictyaceae, Sphaeropleales) were found. Among them there were common species as <em>Pediastrum boryanum</em>, <em>P. duplex</em>, <em>P. tetras </em>and <em>P. simplex</em>, but also rare species as <em>P. integrum </em>or <em>P. kawraiskyi</em>. An especially interesting species was <em>P. orientale</em>, the taxon that until now has not been noted in phytoplankton of Polish water bodies. The paper gives descriptions of the genus <em>Pediastrum </em>coenobia and physico-chemical conditions of the habitat. The original documentation of <em>Pediastrum </em>taxa is added.


2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Takashi Takekoshi

In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack of ability but because the object of their grammatical descriptions was Chinese, a typical isolating language.


1970 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Sarah Limorté

Levantine immigration to Chile started during the last quarter of the 19th century. This immigration, almost exclusively male at the outset, changed at the beginning of the 20th century when women started following their fathers, brothers, and husbands to the New World. Defining the role and status of the Arab woman within her community in Chile has never before been tackled in a detailed study. This article attempts to broach the subject by looking at Arabic newspapers published in Chile between 1912 and the end of the 1920s. A thematic analysis of articles dealing with the question of women or written by women, appearing in publications such as Al-Murshid, Asch-Schabibat, Al-Watan, and Oriente, will be discussed.


Author(s):  
Liubomyr Ilyn

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze and systematize the views of social and political thinkers of Galicia in the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. on the right and manner of organizing a nation-state as a cathedral. Method. The methodology includes a set of general scientific, special legal, special historical and philosophical methods of scientific knowledge, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematic and comprehensive. The problem-chronological approach made it possible to identify the main stages of the evolution of the content of the idea of catholicity in Galicia's legal thought of the 19th century. Results. It is established that the idea of catholicity, which was borrowed from church terminology, during the nineteenth century. acquired clear legal and philosophical features that turned it into an effective principle of achieving state unity and integrity. For the Ukrainian statesmen of the 19th century. the idea of catholicity became fundamental in view of the separation of Ukrainians between the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires. The idea of unity of Ukrainians of Galicia and the Dnieper region, formulated for the first time by the members of the Russian Trinity, underwent a long evolution and received theoretical reflection in the work of Bachynsky's «Ukraine irredenta». It is established that catholicity should be understood as a legal principle, according to which decisions are made in dialogue, by consensus, and thus able to satisfy the absolute majority of citizens of the state. For Galician Ukrainians, the principle of unity in the nineteenth century. implemented through the prism of «state» and «international» approaches. Scientific novelty. The main stages of formation and development of the idea of catholicity in the views of social and political figures of Halychyna of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries are highlighted in the work. and highlighting the distinctive features of «national statehood» that they promoted and understood as possible in the process of unification of Ukrainian lands into one state. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal studies, preparation of special courses.


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