scholarly journals Practice of the Application of the Calculation Method for the Damage to Water Bodies’ Determination in Case of Water Legislation Infringement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Mass Determination ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Water Legislation ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Contaminated Waste ◽  
Unambiguous Interpretation

Some examples of the practice of application of the calculation method for determination of the damage to a water body due to any infringement of water legislation (in respect of the pollutants discharge to water bodies) have been discussed. Drawbacks of the methodology causing impugnment by companies the results of the damage amount calculation done by Rosprirodnadzor bodies have been systematized. The methodology per se can be considered adequate though some of its provisions require deeper explanations in order to secure unambiguous interpretation in the process of their application. Key provisions of the methodology that can be considered inadequately elaborated comprise algorithms of the discharged pollutant mass determination, duration of the waste waters with these pollutant high content discharge, as well as indices used in these calculations. The said imperfections can be dealt with on the level of regulating official documents. A conclusion on the necessity of some supplements to the order of procedure of indemnity for a damage to water bodies due to the contaminated waste waters discharge has been done: the damage amount is to be assessed for a particular water body, beside the calculation with the use of the standard methodology.

scholarly journals Application of a new method for determining the mass of oil per unit area of bottom sediments of water bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Vladislava Perminova ◽  
Danil Vorobiev ◽  
Yulia Frank ◽  
Vladislav Perminov
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
State Information ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

The authors of the article draw the readers’ attention to the urgent problem that is the assessment of the pollution of bottom sediments of water bodies with hydrocarbons in the form of oil and oil products. When conducting surveys of water bodies, the determination of the content of oil or oil products in bottom sediments is expressed in grams per kilogram of precipitation in an air-dry state. Information in this form cannot be associated with the mass of oil at the bottom of the water body, what is very important when designing treatment works and calculating damage to aquatic biological resources. The method for determining the mass of oil pollution per unit area of bottom sediments of water bodies has been proposed and tested, what makes it possible to associate pollution not only with the concentration of pollutants, but also with the area of the reservoir.

scholarly journals Qualitative assessment of the level of natural content of heavy metal compounds natural content level in the basins of the Malka, Urukh, Cherek, and Chegem rivers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Metal Compounds

To date, considerable experience has been accumulated in assessing and standardizing the quality of natural waters, however, the role of regional factors in practical standardization in most cases is ignored. Due to the lack of recommendations for establishing permissible loads on a water body, taking into account its natural characteristics, the effectiveness of water protection measures is reduced. Determination of the concentrations of pollutants using maximum permissible concentrations without taking into account the hydrological and hydro/chemical characteristics of water bodies does not ensure the environmental safety of the water body. The regulation of the water quality of water bodies must necessarily reflect the regional features of the formation of the chemical composition of natural water in a particular territory, since the soil and geochemical features of the catchment area of the basin reflect natural background concentrations. Methods. The article proposes a new approach to assessing the qualitative determination of priority pollutants taking into account the regional background. For a qualitative assessment of the level of natural content of dissolved forms of heavy metal compounds, statistical processing was carried out for the main phases of the water regime. The significance of the difference between the sample of summer samples of river water for pollutants from the corresponding sample of winter samples and rainwater samples was determined using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney nonparametric statistical test. Results. The proposed approach for statistical processing of long-term data enables to make qualitative assessment of the natural level of the content of heavy metal compounds on the surface and in the strata of soils that compose the basins of the Malka, Urukh, Cherek, Chegem rivers. The results obtained can be used to improve the methodological and practical issues of regionally oriented standardization.

scholarly journals Methodical Approaches to Determination of the Runoff Acceptable Irretrievable Withdrawal from Underexplored and Unexplored Rivers and Small Rivers

2015 ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Surface Water Runoff

If the permissible impact of economic and other activities on a water body is exceeded, an irreversible degradation of the ecosystem may occur. Irretrievable water withdrawal is deemed significant human impact on water bodies. The establishment of a critical water limit for the ecosystem’s functioning and organisms’ reproduction is based on the water withdrawal limits’ assessment. The article suggests methodological approaches to defining acceptable irreversible withdrawal of surface water runoff for underexplored and unexplored rivers. It also includes a review of special features of water withdrawal from small rivers.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF LAND-PROPERTY RELATIONS IN THE BOUNDARIES OF ZOUIT WATER BODIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Dubrovsky ◽  
Elena А. Skorinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Water Legislation

The article discusses the problems that arise for land users on land plots located within the boundaries of zones with special conditions for the use of the territory of water bodies. Examples of violations of land and water legislation by land owners are given. The technological sequence of actions to determine and coordinate the boundaries of zones with special conditions for the use of the territory of water bodies is shown. The necessity of mandatory establishment of flood zones to ensure safety and inform the population living near the water body is substantiated. The regulatory framework for the implementation of works on the installation of zones with special conditions for the use of the territory of water bodies is considered.

scholarly journals ON ISSUE OF PLANNING THE EXPERIMENT CONDUCTING STUDIES ON NATURAL SURFACE RUNOFF FROM AGRICULTURAL FIELDS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Manzhina ◽  
◽  
Yu. Ye. Domashenko ◽  
Ye. V. Komarova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Terrain Methods

Purpose: determination of significant parameters and sequence of field studies devoted to the study of features and nature of diffusion pollution of water bodies in areas of intensive agricultural activity. Materials and methods. Materials: works by Russian and foreign scientists, regulatory documents. Methods: comparison, analysis and synthesis of data. Results. As experience shows, significant parameters are: the source of the formation of surface runoff, the hydrographic characteristics of the catchment, the level of development of the territory, soil resources, the dissection of the relief and the slope of the terrain, methods of soil treatment, the timing and dose of fertilization, the use of pesticides, etc. All this influences the choice of the location of representative areas in the catchment area, their size, determination of constant and variable parameters during research. The paper discusses the issues of taking soil samples in the process of preliminary studies, determining the location of the alignment point for sampling water from a water body and the possibility of taking into account the amount of diffusion contamination in the samples obtained. The rationale for conducting preliminary laboratory studies is given. The plan was developed for carrying out field studies devoted to the study of the features and nature of diffusion pollution of water bodies in areas of intensive agricultural activity. Conclusions. It was revealed that to organize monitoring of diffusion pollution of water bodies, it is necessary to carry out a number of studies both in laboratory and in the field. For a preliminary assessment of the removal of nutrients from agricultural fields and their entry into the water body, it is necessary to make a preliminary sampling of soil and water. It is advisable to take soil samples along route lines from the boundaries of agricultural fields to a water body along the slope of the terrain. The site for sampling water from a water body must be coordinated with the location of organized sources of wastewater discharge into it and the boundaries of the action of agricultural fields.

scholarly journals Proposals on Improvement of Currently Active Methodical and Practical Approaches in the Sphere of Water Relations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Selenga River Basin ◽  
Selenga River ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Water Legislation ◽  
Current Water

The paper analyzes the current norms of the Russian Federation related to assessment of requirements to the water bodies’ use. With implementation of the preset methodical approaches to the Selenga River as a study case, we have considered the issues of enforcement and formulated the procedure of the water/economic factors accounting as a component of comprehensive accounting of impacts of the planned hydraulic facilities in the river basin on the territory of Mongolia. This approach involves comparison of the water use prescribed and actual parameters in respect of a single territory, detailing of the set annual volumes by months and territories necessary to assess adequately all environmental factors, as well as determination of the minimal requirements of water users and maximal admissible volumes of their satisfaction in respect of ecosystem parameters of the water body under study. Peculiarities and drawbacks of the adopted norms in the sphere of water relations have been revealed, this has allowed us to formulate proposals concerning improvement of the currently active norms and regulations, as well as coordinated decisions of the authorized Federal bodies. We propose to assess the current preset norms on the basis of inter-related analysis of the maximal permissible impact norms, limits of the water resources abstraction, actual consumption (according to the Rosgidromet data) and actual volumes of consumed water according to data of statistical observation. Application of the proposed approach to the Selenga River basin has enabled to conclude that the regulations concerning irrevocable water abstraction by months of low water content demand more detailed elaboration. These conclusions and proposals can be used for upgrading of methodical and practical approaches to water relations irrespective of planning of extreme changes of the water body hydrological characteristics. Implementation of the above proposals will enable to assess coordination and correctness of the approved indicators with the further aim to amend the norms of permissible impacts upon water bodies as this is stipulated by the current water legislation.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES WITH CROSS-SHAPED SPATIAL CRACK UNDER TORSION WITH BENDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Vl.I. KOLCHUNOV ◽  
◽  
A.I. DEMYANOV ◽  
M.M. MIHAILOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Experimental Scheme

The article offers a method and program for experimental studies of reinforced concrete structures with cross-shaped spatial crack under torsion with bending, the main purpose of which is to check the design assumptions and experimental determination of the design parameters of the proposed calculation method. The conducted experimental studies provide an opportunity to test the proposed calculation apparatus and clarify the regularities for determining deflections, angles of rotation of extreme sections, and stresses in the compressed zone of concrete. For analysis, the article presents a typical experimental scheme for the formation and development of cracks in the form of a sweep, as well as characteristic graphs of the dependence of the angles of rotation of end sections.

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