scholarly journals Record mild winter of 2019/2020 in most of Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Winter

Meteorologischer und phänologischer Jahresrückblick 2008 | Meteorological and phenological annual review for 2008

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (5) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Claudio Defila
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
New Records ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Intensive Research ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Height Dependence ◽  
Cold Snap ◽  
Phenological Phases

Although the year 2008 in Switzerland belongs to the ten to twelve warmest years since the beginning of measurements, the effects on the development of the vegetation were not very striking. An extreme excess of heat was never registered except in the winter months and in May. The mild winter simply had an effect on the flowering of the hazel, occurring early to very early. Besides this, most of the phenological spring phases were observed at the normal point of time. However, at some observation stations, a small number of phenological phases showed a completely unusual date of occurrence. These were observed very late or even extremely late (new records). Because of the fact that this phenomenon was not only observed at one single phenological phase, showing no spatial pattern and no height dependence, no explanation was found for this extraordinary behavior of these plants. This clearly reflects, despite intensive research on phenology during the last years, that many natural processes are until now not or not yet understood by man. According to the changing weather, the development of the vegetation showed neither a consistent nor an outstanding pattern in the summer. However, the early leaf-fall of the beech was quite striking, caused by the cold snap at the beginning of October. The year 2008 can be considered as a normal phenological year, except the early flowering of the hazel, the inexplicable records (late observations) and the early leaf-fall of the beech.

Influence of Planting Stock Clove Size, Nitrogen Rate, and Planting Method on Elephant Garlic Production

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 517f-518
Author(s):  
Jeanine M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Planting Stock ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Allium Ampeloprasum ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Planting Method ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

To produce large elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.) bulbs in the southeastern United States, stock cloves must be planted in the fall. During extremely cold winters, however, winter survival rates can be very low. A 2-year study was undertaken to examine practices to increase winter survival rates. Two clove sizes (≤20 g or >20 g), three nitrogen rates (112, 224, and 336 kg/ha), and three planting methods (flat, mulched, and hilled) were tested in a RCB design with four replications. For all planting methods, cloves were set in a shallow trench and covered with soil to ground level. This was also the flat treatment. For the mulched treatment, 7 cm of straw was spread on top. For the hilled treatment, soil was mounded 10 to 15 cm high over the ground level. Cloves were planted in early October and harvested in mid-June. Use of large planting stock cloves increased winter survival rates during the harsh winter, but had no effect during the mild winter. Both years, winter survival was reduced with the flat treatment. Yields of marketable bulbs were 4 to 5 times higher when >20 g cloves were planted than when ≤20 g cloves were used. Nitrogen rate and planting method had no effect on yields. The >20 g cloves also produced larger bulbs than the smaller cloves. Of the three planting methods, the flat treatment produced the smallest bulbs. Bulbs were much larger following the mild winter than the harsh winter.

High-chilling requirement apple cultivar has more accentuated acrotony than low-chilling one in mild winter region

Trees ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Henrique Pertille ◽  
Idemir Citadin ◽  
Leonardo Silva Patto ◽  
Tatiane Luiza Cadorin Oldoni ◽  
Silvia Scariotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apple Cultivar ◽  
Chilling Requirement ◽  
Mild Winter

scholarly journals Multiple-Locus Sequence Typing Analysis of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis Reveals Separate Clustering and a Distinct Population Structure of Psychrotrophic Strains

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 1569-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Sorokin ◽  
Benjamin Candelon ◽  
Kévin Guilloux ◽  
Nathalie Galleron ◽  
Natalia Wackerow-Kouzova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Systematic Testing ◽  
Bacillus Weihenstephanensis ◽  
Paris Area ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Multiple Strains ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACT We used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to characterize phylogenetic relationships for a collection of Bacillus cereus group strains isolated from forest soil in the Paris area during a mild winter. This collection contains multiple strains isolated from the same soil sample and strains isolated from samples from different sites. We characterized 115 strains of this collection and 19 other strains based on the sequences of the clpC, dinB, gdpD, panC, purF, and yhfL loci. The number of alleles ranged from 36 to 53, and a total of 93 allelic profiles or sequence types were distinguished. We identified three major strain clusters—C, T, and W—based on the comparison of individual gene sequences or concatenated sequences. Some less representative clusters and subclusters were also distinguished. Analysis of the MLST data using the concept of clonal complexes led to the identification of two, five, and three such groups in clusters C, T, and W, respectively. Some of the forest isolates were closely related to independently isolated psychrotrophic strains. Systematic testing of the strains of this collection showed that almost all the strains that were able to grow at a low temperature (6°C) belonged to cluster W. Most of these strains, including three independently isolated strains, belong to two clonal complexes and are therefore very closely related genetically. These clonal complexes represent strains corresponding to the previously identified species Bacillus weihenstephanensis. Most of the other strains of our collection, including some from the W cluster, are not psychrotrophic. B. weihenstephanensis (cluster W) strains appear to comprise an effectively sexual population, whereas Bacillus thuringiensis (cluster T) and B. cereus (cluster C) have clonal population structures.

scholarly journals Crop loading studies on ‘Caricia’ and ‘Eva’ apples grown in a mild winter area

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damián César Castro ◽  
Norma Álvarez ◽  
Paola Gabriel ◽  
Norma Micheloud ◽  
Marcela Buyatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Winter

The Survival of Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Over Winter in Western Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-987
Author(s):  
Touhidur Rahman ◽  
Sonya Broughton
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Mild Winter

Abstract The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most economically important pest insects of fruit crops worldwide. Mediterranean fruit fly can cause up to 100% crop loss in susceptible fruit. In order to formulate best management practices, it is critical to understand how Mediterranean fruit fly overwinters in a given geographical location and bridge the gap between autumn and spring populations. In this study, we evaluated the overwintering potential of Mediterranean fruit fly immature and adult stages in two locations in Perth Hills, Western Australia. We also monitored wild adult Mediterranean fruit fly populations for 2 yr. Adults were present year-round with captures very low in winter to early spring relative to summer and autumn. Field experiments revealed that immature stages in apples (eggs/first instar) and soil (pupae) remained viable in winter, emerging as adults at the onset of warmer weather in spring. In field cages, adults survived 72–110 d, and female laid viable eggs when offered citrus fruit, though only 1–6% eggs survived to emerge as adults. Adults survived longer in field cages when offered live citrus branch. The findings suggest that all Mediterranean fruit fly life stages can survive through mild winter, and surviving adults, eggs in the fruit and/or pupae in the soil are the sources of new population that affect the deciduous fruit crops in Perth. We recommend that Mediterranean fruit fly monitoring is required year-round and control strategies be deployed in spring. Furthermore, we recommend removal of fallen fruit particularly apple and other winter fruit such as citrus.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Checklist of the Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma AlHajri ◽  
Donat Agosti
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Northeastern Part

The State of Qatar is a small peninsula located in the northeastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. It is classified as a subtropical desert with an extreme harsh climatic conditions in summer and mild winter. Information on Formicidae of Qatar as well as its insect fauna is poorly documented. So far only six species of Formicidae (ants) belonging to five genera have been recorded from Qatar. At least 300 ant species have been recorded from the Arabian Peninsula (Collingwood et al., 2011). For instance, Collingwood and Agosti (1996) reported a list of 265 ant species in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, Collingwood et al. (2011) published a list of 126 ant species in UAE and Sharaf et al. (2018a) recorded 123 ant species from Oman. This indicates a significant gap regarding our knowledge of the ant fauna and their diversity in Qatar. This study provides the first taxonomic survey of the ant fauna of Qatar. Ant specimens were collected by using aspirator, direct hand collection, litter sifting and pitfall traps during the period of April 2015 to March 2019 from 43 sites around the country. In the present study, 45 species are newly recorded for the ant fauna of the state of Qatar increasing the total number of ant species from Qatar to 51 species, including one additional subfamily, and 16 additional genera.

scholarly journals Investigations of the Azov sea ice conditions and assessment of their impact on fishery parameters in winter 2014-2015 using the earth artificial satellites

2017 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
R.V. Borovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ice Formation ◽  
Artificial Satellites ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mild Winter ◽  
Azov Sea ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Kerch Strait ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Ice Period

Based on the artificial monitoring data, ice conditions of the Azov Sea and Kerch Strait were investigated for the winter period of 2014-2015. The obtained results allowed to conclude that the winter of 2014- 2015 can be regarded as a mild winter, which was due to the fact that cyclones prevailed in the atmospheric circulation. The ice period lasted 99 days from November 23, 2014 (the beginning of ice formation) to March 1,2015 (when the sea was completely free of ice). Ice conditions of the studied area did not affect negatively fish migration and feeding processes in the Kerch Strait, they almost did not prevent fisheries of kilka and so-iuy mullet, except for inconsistent short-term ice situations in the Taganrog and Yasen Bays as well as in the shallow water bights in the northern sea areas.

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