scholarly journals Health in the Perception of Russians and Real Medical Practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
AN Pokida ◽  
NV Zybunovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Access To Medical Care

Introduction. Maintaining and strengthening health of the population is a priority national task. Currently, this problem, in the context of changing social reality associated with the pandemic of COVID-19, is gaining special relevance. Previous studies have demonstrated that lifestyle and concern with own health have a major impact on human health status. The objective of our study was to analyze self-rated health status of Russian people and their attitude to health issues, including practical attitude to medical care and self-medication. Methods. The article is based on the results of a sociological research of behavioral practices of the population within self-preservation behavior. The main source of empirical information was the all-Russian sociological survey of the population representing various socio-demographic groups. Results. The study reveals an increase in the positive perception of own health by the population over the past two decades. At the same time, citizens suffer from a wide range of diseases naturally affecting their self-rated health status. The situation is further aggravated by unfavorable social and psychological well-being caused, inter alia, by the pandemic and related challenges. Despite an increasing demand for qualified medical care for diseases, self-medication remains widespread and may have a negative health effect attributed to the uncontrolled drug use practiced by the respondents. Health maintenance practices of the population are largely related to the income and the lack of subspecialists, especially in rural or remote areas. Conclusions. Our findings demonstrate the need to improve access to medical care and medical literacy of citizens and to expand incentives for self-preservation and health promotion.

Thoughts on the Law and the Public's Health

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Burris
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Payment Reform ◽  
Mortality Statistics ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Access To Medical Care ◽  
High Level

One understanding of health conceives of it as a state of freedom from pathology, achieved by an individual, through the mediation of a doctor. On this view, improvements in health flow from the application of science to specific ills of the body, and access to medical care is the chief determinant of health. This “medicalized” view of health underlies the current debate over medical care payment reform. This is the dominant way of talking about health.An alternative is the view of health commonly associated with the practice of public health. On this view, health is an attribute of communities in social and physical environments. Health takes its shape in large numbers—in morbidity and mortality statistics—and, ideally, includes not just a high level of well-being for some, but also its even distribution throughout a society. Improvements in health are seen to arise from healthful changes in the environment.

scholarly journals A Modified Version of the Transactional Stress Concept According to Lazarus and Folkman Was Confirmed in a Psychosomatic Inpatient Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Obbarius ◽  
Felix Fischer ◽  
Gregor Liegl ◽  
Alexander Obbarius ◽  
Matthias Rose
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Self Reported Health Status ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundStress is a major risk factor for the impairment of psychological well-being. The present study aimed to evaluate the empirical evidence of the Transactional Stress Model proposed by Lazarus and Folkman in patients with psychosomatic health conditions.MethodsA structural equation model was applied in two separate subsamples of inpatients from the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (total n = 2,216) for consecutive model building (sample 1, n = 1,129) and confirmatory analyses (sample 2, n = 1,087) using self-reported health status information about perceived stress, personal resources, coping mechanisms, stress response, and psychological well-being.ResultsThe initial model was created to reflect the theoretical assumptions by Lazarus and Folkman about their transactional stress concept. This model was modified until a sufficient model fit was reached (sample 1: CFI = 0.904, TLI = 0.898, RMSEA = 0.072 [0.071–0.074], SRMR = 0.061). The modified model was confirmed in a second sample (sample 2: CFI = 0.932, TLI = 0.928, RMSEA = 0.066 [0.065–0.068], SRMR = 0.052). Perceived external stressors and personal resources explained 91% of the variance of the stress response, which was closely related to symptoms of depression (63% variance explained). The attenuating effect of resources on stress response was higher (standardized β = -0.73, p < 0.001) than the impact of perceived stressors on stress response (standardized β = 0.34, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe empirical data largely confirmed the theoretical assumption of the Transactional Stress Model, which was first presented by Lazarus and Folkman, in patients with a wide range of psychosomatic conditions. However, data analyses were solely based on self-reported health status. Thus, proposed inner psychological mechanisms such as the appraisal process could not be included in this empirical validation. The operationalization and understanding of coping processes should be further improved.

scholarly journals Illness, Self-Rated Health and Access to Medical Care among Waste Pickers in Landfill Sites in Johannesburg, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Made ◽  
Vusi Ntlebi ◽  
Tahira Kootbodien ◽  
Kerry Wilson ◽  
Nonhlanhla Tlotleng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Mobile Clinic ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Landfill Sites ◽  
Access To Medical Care ◽  
Waste Pickers ◽  
Clinic Visits

Waste pickers are exposed to various environmental health hazards, and self-rated health (SRH) could influence their medical care access. This study investigated the association between illness, clinic visits and SRH, and assessed if SRH can increase clinic visits. A cross-sectional study was conducted. SRH was defined as “very good”, “good”, “fair”, and “poor”. The illnesses were mental health, infectious, and chronic diseases. Medical care access included clinic visits in the previous 12 months. An ordinal logistic regression model was fitted to assess the association. There were 361 participants, 265 (73.41%) were males. Median age was 31 years, (interquartile range (IQR): 27–39). SRH: poor (29.89%), fair (15.92%), good (43.30%) very good (10.89%). Ever smoked (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.72; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–2.66), mental health (AOR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.22–2.84), chronic (AOR: 2.34; 95% CI:1.47–3.68) and infectious (AOR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.77–3.63) diseases were significantly associated with increased odds of reporting poor health. Clinic visit was not associated with SRH. From 99 (31%) individuals who rated their health as poor and ill, 40% visited a clinic (p = 0.0606). Acute and chronic illnesses were associated with poor SRH but this did not increase clinic visits. Provision of mobile clinic services at the landfill sites could increase access to medical care.

Coming of Age

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn R. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Teenage Girl ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Ketamine Infusion ◽  
Chronic Regional Pain Syndrome ◽  
Constant Pain ◽  
Wide Range

In “Coming of Age,” readers learn about Ali Goldsmith, a teenage girl who developed chronic regional pain syndrome after bunion surgery and thus grew into adulthood while experiencing constant pain. Ali tried a wide range of treatments, including an unconventional ketamine infusion, and experienced gradual improvement. Meanwhile, teachers and fellow students didn’t always understand her or know how to act around her. Ali and her whole family had to adjust to the fact that, because of her pain, she was different from other kids her age and had limitations. As she grew up, Ali transitioned from relying on her parents’ management of her care to taking responsibility for her own medical care as well as her overall well-being and success in life. Chapter key idea: The best advocate for a person in pain is the person in pain.

Changes in health status predict changes in alcohol consumption in older adults: the Seniors-ENRICA cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Ortolá ◽  
Esther García-Esquinas ◽  
Hosanna Soler-Vila ◽  
Jose M Ordovas ◽  
Esther López-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Services Use ◽  
Deficit Accumulation ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
Health Deterioration

BackgroundSome of the previously reported health benefits of low-to-moderate alcohol consumption may derive from health status influencing alcohol consumption rather than the opposite. We examined whether health status changes influence changes in alcohol consumption, cessation included.MethodsData came from 571 current drinkers aged ≥60 years participating in the Seniors-ENRICA cohort in Spain. Participants were recruited in 2008–2010 and followed-up for 8.2 years, with four waves of data collection. We assessed health status using a 52-item deficit accumulation (DA) index with four domains: functional, self-rated health and vitality, mental health, and morbidity and health services use. To minimise reverse causation, we examined how changes in health status over a 3-year period (wave 0–wave 1) influenced changes in alcohol consumption over the subsequent 5 years (waves 1–3) using linear/logistic regression, as appropriate.ResultsCompared with participants in the lowest tertile of DA change (mean absolute 4.3% health improvement), those in the highest tertile (7.8% worsening) showed a reduction in alcohol intake (β: –4.32 g/day; 95% CI –7.00 to –1.62; p trend=0.002) and were more likely to quit alcohol (OR: 2.80; 95% CI 1.54 to 5.08; p trend=0.001). The main contributors to decreasing drinking were increased functional impairment and poorer self-rated health, whereas worsening self-rated health, onset of diabetes or stroke and increased prevalence of hospitalisation influenced cessation.ConclusionsHealth deterioration is related to a subsequent reduction and cessation of alcohol consumption contributing to the growing evidence challenging the protective health effect previously attributed to low-to-moderate alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Social Islands: Examining the Intersection of Isolation and Technology Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
Joseph Svec ◽  
Megan Gilligan
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Life course theory suggests that social relationships are tied to overall well-being. In the extant literature social isolation negatively impacts physical and mental health outcomes in later life. In this study, we focus specifically on the association between social isolation and older adult’s self-rated health status. We also examine whether and the extent to which technology use augments negative health consequences attributed to isolation. Using data on 3,758 older adults (ages 65+) from the 2018 wave of the Health and Retirement Study, we contribute to current scholarly examinations at the intersection of technology and isolation. We conduct a series of ordinal logistic regressions to estimate the odds of respondents’ higher self-rated health (from poor = 1 to excellent = 5) on subjective measures of social isolation (i.e. feel left out, lack of companionship and isolated from others) in addition to whether respondents live with a partner and have an adult child who lives in close geographic proximity. Preliminary results show that individuals who perceived higher levels of social isolation evaluated their own health status as poorer. We also find that the use of computers for virtual communications corresponds with higher self-rated health statuses, regardless of the proximity of children or other family members. However, a negative interaction between computer use and isolation indicates the positive effects of technology are limited for those who are highly isolated. These findings suggest that technology impacts on health are nuanced, where an overreliance on technology as a substitute may not consistently yield positive outcomes.

scholarly journals Self-perceived quality of health and satisfaction by elderly seen by the Family Health Strategy team

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-434
Author(s):  
Lilian Rigo ◽  
Raíssa Rigo Garbin ◽  
José Lucas Sani de Alcântara Rodrigues ◽  
Laerte Ribeiro Menezes-Júnior ◽  
Luiz Renato Paranhos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Family Health Strategy

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the profile of elderly followed up by Family Health Strategy teams and the influence of self-reported chronic diseases on demographic variables, describing self-perception and satisfaction with quality of health. Methods: This is a cross-sectional population- based study carried out with 301 elderly residents in two areas of a city in southern Brazil. Data were collected through a questionnaire based on the Health, Well-Being, and Aging Study adapted by researchers, and a playful scale to assess satisfaction with health. For the statistical analysis, the χ2 test was used (p<0.05). Results: Regarding cognitive assessment, the majority was classified as independent (86.4%), not requiring caregiver assistance to answer the questionnaire. The population was predominantly female (55.8%), White (64.8%), married (51.2%), and catholic (82.1%). A total of 47.5% considered their current health status as regular. Regarding satisfaction with health, 72.4% were happy, even reporting having at least one chronic health problem (58.5%). Conclusion: The presence of chronic diseases was reported by most respondents, and the practice of self-medication is significantly more frequent among the aged. Nevertheless, the degree of satisfaction with their health status was predominantly positive, both related to the previous year and compared to others of the same age.

Self perceived health, as an indicator of psychological well-being: behavioural epidemiological analysis among the adolescent population

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (47) ◽  
pp. 1875-1882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pálma Kriston ◽  
Bettina Pikó ◽  
Eszter Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Emotional Aggression

Background: Self rated health is a widely used measure in behavioural epidemiological studies which is a global, informative indicator of health status and quality of life. Aim: The main goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between subjective health status of adolescents with individual, psychological protective and risk factors. Method: The authors performed the study among youth in Szeged, Hungary in the autumn of 2010. Data collection was based on self-administered questionnaires. 656 high school students were included in the sample. Logistic regression analyses were applied to detect associations including the individual, psychological indicators as dependent variables and self perceived health as an independent variable. Results: It was found that adolescents with better self perceived health had higher scale points of optimism and satisfaction with life, whereas lower self rated health correlated with higher values of depression and emotional aggression. There were gender differences in both protective and risk factors. Internal locus of control was a protective factor while depression, emotional aggression, and external locus of control were risk factors of psychological health among girls. Conclusion: Self rated health can be a possible indicator of subjective well-being that may open a way to prevention in behavioural medicine. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1875–1882.

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